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Steganography: hidden messages
1. Steganography: hidden messages
2. Remez: Concealed and revealed
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The Hebrew word "רמז" (remez) ≈ "remez". There are many places in the Old Testament that have hint of what can be considered a "remez".
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From the Hebrew, a "
remez" is a hint of some deeper meaning.
A "
remez" is a form of what in the security field is called "
steganography". That is, a message concealed such that it does not, at first glance, appear that there is a hidden message there.
3. Concealed and revealed
Saint Augustine (Early Christian father) :
The New Testament is in the Old Testament "concealed".
The Old Testament is in the New Testament "revealed".
One can find hints of this "
after the fact", but such truths are not plain or obvious "
before the fact".
Do you see it? Do you need to see to believe? Or can you believe and then see?
4. Steganography: hidden messages
Steganography is the use of hidden messages as a secret code. An observer may not even know that a secret code is being used.
The word "
steganography" comes from the Ancient Greek «
στεγανός» means a cover or roof and «
φράφω» has to do with writing, as in "
graphics".
The dinosaur called a "
stegosaurus" is named, in part , for the spikes on the spine that, when flattened, appear to look like tiles on a "
roof".
5. Roofs
The English word "
steganography" is a cryptography term for a message that is hidden inside something else, such as an image file, a audio file, etc.
6. Codes and ciphers: Steganography
7. Steganography
Steganography uses messages that are hidden in places you might not otherwise suspect messages to be.
The word "steganography" comes from the Greek word "stegos" for covered and "graphy" for written, as in a code.
Steganography often hides messages in other messages (or non-obvious places).
8. Censored letters
A story from World War II has a soldier, to avoid censors, let his girlfriend know where he was located by starting the first letter of a per-determined paragraph of each letter written so that his girlfriend could use the letters together to construct the word that let her know where he was at.
9. Microdots
Developed before World War II, microdots were used to hide messages in a dot the size of a period at the end of a sentence.
10. Images
There are steganography programs that can be used to hide/encrypt a message in an image (e.g., one bit of every pixel). Another area of research is detecting if secret messages might be hidden in an image.
11. Herodotus
Herodotus relates a case of
steganography whereby a servant's head was shaved, a message tattooed into the scalp, the hear regrown. Time was apparently not of the essence. The servant was sent to the destination where his hair was shaved to reveal the message.
This might be called a "
hair-brain" scheme.
12. Wax tablets
Another method was to write a message on a tablet. Cover it with bees wax (as was common) and then write another message on that surface. To decode, melt the bees wax off of the tablet and read the message underneath.
13. Remez: Communion
At the Last Supper, Jesus introduces the sacrament of the bread and the wine called the Eucharist.
This sacrament appears in "
remez" or "
hint" from in Genesis in terms of the dream interpretation of Joseph of the dreams of the baker and the wine steward.
In three days, the break will be broken and the wine will be poured.
14. Genesis 40:18-19 Bread is broken
15. Genesis 40:18
KJV: And Joseph answered and said, This is the interpretation thereof: The three baskets are three days:
Hebrew: ויען יוסף ויאמר זה פתרנו שלשת הסלים שלשת ימים הם׃
Greek: αποκριθεις δε ιωσηφ ειπεν αυτω αυτη η συγκρισις αυτου τα τρια κανα τρεις ημεραι εισιν
16. Genesis 40:19
KJV: Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head from off thee, and shall hang thee on a tree; and the birds shall eat thy flesh from off thee.
Hebrew: בעוד שלשת ימים ישא פרעה את ראשך מעליך ותלה אותך על עץ ואכל העוף את בשרך מעליך׃
Greek: ετι τριων ημερων αφελει φαραω την κεφαλην σου απο σου και κρεμασει σε επι ξυλου και φαγεται τα ορνεα του ουρανου τας σαρκας σου απο σου
17. Genesis 40:20-21 Wine is poured
Genesis 40:20 And it came to pass the third day, which was Pharaoh's birthday, that he made a feast unto all his servants: and he lifted up the head of the chief butler and of the chief baker among his servants. [kjv]
… ημερα … τριτη … γενεσεως … ποτον … [lxx]
40:21 And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand: [kjv]
… απεκατεστησεν … αρχιοινοχοον … αρχην … ποτηριον … χειρα … [lxx]
Joseph interprets that butler (wine steward) is to be restored and again pour the wine for the Pharaoh.
So, Joseph's interpretation is that in three days the bread (baker) will be broken and the wine will be poured.
Is this a coincidence of history? Or is there something deeper (i.e., a "
remez") here?
18. Genesis 40:20
KJV: And it came to pass the third day, which was Pharaoh's birthday, that he made a feast unto all his servants: and he lifted up the head of the chief butler and of the chief baker among his servants.
Hebrew: ויהי ביום השלישי יום הלדת את פרעה ויעש משתה לכל עבדיו וישא את ראש שר המשקים ואת ראש שר האפים בתוך עבדיו׃
Greek: εγενετο δε εν τη ημερα τη τριτη ημερα γενεσεως ην φαραω και εποιει ποτον πασι τοις παισιν αυτου και εμνησθη της αρχης του αρχιοινοχοου και της αρχης του αρχισιτοποιου εν μεσω των παιδων αυτου
19. Genesis 40:21
KJV: And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand:
Hebrew: וישב את שר המשקים על משקהו ויתן הכוס על כף פרעה׃
Greek: και απεκατεστησεν τον αρχιοινοχοον επι την αρχην αυτου και εδωκεν το ποτηριον εις την χειρα φαραω
20. End of page
Many words for "roof" or "covering" come from the PIE (Proto Indo-European) root "*STEG, *TEG" ≈ "cover" such as the English word "deck", the English word "thatch" and the English word "toga".