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The adornment of people in the cosmos
1. The adornment of people in the cosmos
1 Timothy 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array; [kjv]
… κοσμιω … κοσμειν … μαργαριταις … ιματισμω … [gnt]
Pearls have been used throughout time as an adornment in the jewelry sense.
Jokes are made about
"cosmology" (astronomy and stars) and
"cosmetology" (make-up and adorning). The words are related.
The Greek word
"cosmos" can mean adornments, the universe and everything in it, people in the world or a crowd of people (e.g., at a night club or a sporting event).
Why is a cosmetology class easier than a cosmology class?
Cosmetology classes give lots of make-up exams. Cosmology is over everyone's head.
2. Carl Sagan
The Cosmos is all that is or was or ever will be. Carl Sagan (1934-1996), Cosmos.
Natural languages (i.e., those used by humans) are continually changing. Words change meaning over time too, due to a variety of reasons.
What is the "
cosmos"?
3. Cosmology and cosmetology
What is the difference between "
cosmology" and "
cosmetology"? Is the difference more than "
cosmetic"?
The modern Greek word "κοσμητικός" (ko-smee-tee-KOS) ≈ "cosmetic, ornamental"
The modern Greek word "κόσμος" (KO-smos) ≈ "world, people, universe"
The modern Greek word "σύμπαν" (SEEM-pan) ≈ "cosmos, universe" from the prefixes "συμ" (seem) ≈ "together, with" and "παν" (pan) ≈ "everything" as in the god Pan, "panorama", "pandemic", etc.
The ancient Greek root «
κόσμο» meant adorn, adornment, etc., as in jewelry, and appears many times in the
LXX (Septuagint) which was translated from Hebrew into Greek in Alexandria in Egypt about 270 B.C.
4. Exodus 33:6 Ornaments
Exodus 33:6 And the children of Israel stripped themselves of their ornaments by the mount Horeb. [kjv]
… κοσμον … [lxx]
… ornatum … [v]
… Schmuck … [lu]
The Latin word
"ornatum" ≈ "ornaments" and is the source of English words such as "
ornament", "
ornate", etc.
The German word
"Schmuck" ≈ "ornaments, jewelry".
5. Exodus 33:6
KJV: And the children of Israel stripped themselves of their ornaments by the mount Horeb.
Hebrew: ויתנצלו בני ישראל את עדים מהר חורב׃
Greek: και περιειλαντο οι υιοι ισραηλ τον κοσμον αυτων και την περιστολην απο του ορους του χωρηβ
Latin: deposuerunt ergo filii Israhel ornatum suum a monte Horeb
Wycliffe: Therfor the sones of Israel puttiden awey her ournyng fro the hil of Oreb.
Luther: Also taten die Kinder Israel ihren Schmuck von sich vor dem Berge Horeb.
6. Isaiah 3:19
Isaiah 3:19 The chains, and the bracelets, and the mufflers, [kjv]
… κοσμον … [lxx]
7. Isaiah 3:19
KJV: The chains, and the bracelets, and the mufflers,
Hebrew: הנטפות והשרות והרעלות׃
Greek: και το καθεμα και τον κοσμον του προσωπου αυτων
Latin: et torques et monilia et armillas et mitras
Wycliffe: and ribans, and brochis, and ournementis of armes nyy the schuldris, and mytris, ether chapelettis,
Luther: die Kettlein, die Armspangen, die Hauben,
8. Jeremiah 2:32
Jeremiah 2:32 Can a maid forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire? yet my people have forgotten me days without number. [kjv]
Why is cosmetology school easy?
Because they give lots of make-up exams.
9. Jeremiah 2:32
KJV: Can a maid forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire? yet my people have forgotten me days without number.
Hebrew: התשכח בתולה עדיה כלה קשריה ועמי שכחוני ימים אין מספר׃
Greek: μη επιλησεται νυμφη τον κοσμον αυτης και παρθενος την στηθοδεσμιδα αυτης ο δε λαος μου επελαθετο μου ημερας ων ουκ εστιν αριθμος
Latin: numquid obliviscitur virgo ornamenti sui sponsa fasciae pectoralis suae populus vero meus oblitus est mei diebus innumeris
Wycliffe: Whethir a virgyn schal foryete hir ournement? and a spousesse`schal foryete hir brest girdil? But mi puple hath foryete me bi daies with out noumbre.
Luther: Vergisset doch eine Jungfrau ihres Schmucks nicht noch eine Braut ihres Schleiers; aber mein Volk vergisset mein ewiglich.
10. Pythagoras
The famous Greek philosopher, mathematician, etc., Pythagoras (c. 570-495 BC), gave many words new definitions. One of these was «κόσμος», which Pythagoras used to name the "adornments" of the heavens - stars, planets, etc.
11. Genesis 2:1 Hosts
Genesis 2:1 Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. [kjv]
… κοσμος … [lxx]
… ornatus … [v]
The translators of the King James version of the Bible appeared to have difficulty translating «
κόσμος» in Genesis 2:1, defining it as "
host". Actually, they were translating the Hebrew, but it appears to be the same issue.
The Latin Vulgate uses "ornatus".
The Douay-Rheims uses "furniture" (based on the Latin Vulgate).
The Tyndale uses "apparel" (middle English).
The Wycliffe uses "ournement" (middle English).
The King James uses "host".
12. Genesis 2:1
KJV: Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.
Hebrew: ויכלו השמים והארץ וכל צבאם׃
Greek: και συνετελεσθησαν ο ουρανος και η γη και πας ο κοσμος αυτων
Latin: igitur perfecti sunt caeli et terra et omnis ornatus eorum
Wycliffe: Therfor heuenes and erthe ben maad perfit, and al the ournement of tho.
Tyndale: Thus was heave and erth fynished wyth all their apparell:
Luther: Also ward vollendet Himmel und Erde mit ihrem ganzen Heer.
13. Mark 16:15
Mark 16:15 And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature. [kjv]
… κοσμον … [gnt]
By New Testament times (c. 30-70 AD) the word «
κόσμος» (which appears many times) was now recognized as "
world" or "
universe". In those days, change took longer than it does today.
14. Mark 16:15
KJV: And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature.
Greek: και ειπεν αυτοις πορευθεντες εις τον κοσμον απαντα κηρυξατε το ευαγγελιον παση τη κτισει
Latin: et dixit eis euntes in mundum universum praedicate evangelium omni creaturae
Luther: Und sprach zu ihnen: Gehet hin in alle Welt und prediget das Evangelium aller Kreatur!
Russian: И сказал им: идите по всему миру и проповедуйте Евангелие всей твари.
15. John 1:10
John 1:10 He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not. [kjv]
… κοσμω … κοσμος … κοσμος … [gnt]
… mundo … mundus … mundus … [v]
… midden-earde… mid dan-eard … ge-worht … middan-eard … [wes]
… мире … мир … мир … [rus]
Here the word «
κόσμος» used in both the sense of "
universe" and as "
people".
The Old English word
"middenearde" ≈ "world" as in "
middle earth".
The Russian word
"мир" (mir) ≈ "world, peace" is in the Mir space station.
16. John 1:10
KJV: He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.
Greek: εν τω κοσμω ην και ο κοσμος δι αυτου εγενετο και ο κοσμος αυτον ουκ εγνω
Latin: in mundo erat et mundus per ipsum factus est et mundus eum non cognovit
Wessex: he waes on midden-earde. & mid dan-eard waes ge-worht þurh hyne. & middan-eard hyne ne ge-cneow.
Russian: В мире был, и мир чрез Него начал быть, и мир Его не познал.
17. Modern Greek
Today, the Greek word «
κόσμος», in addition to the less-used meaning of "
universe", can mean a crowd of people, such as the entire crowd at a stadium, pub, etc.
No one goes there nowadays, it’s too crowded. Yogi Berra (American professional baseball player and manager)
18. Matthew 5:14 Middle Earth
Matthew 5:14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid. [kjv]
… κοσμου … [gnt]
… mundi … [v]
… midden-eardes … [wes]
In the Tolkien style, the Wessex Gospel Old English uses "
midden-eardes", literally "
middle-earth" or "
middle-enclosure", for "
world".
19. Matthew 5:14
KJV: Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid.
Greek: υμεις εστε το φως του κοσμου ου δυναται πολις κρυβηναι επανω ορους κειμενη
Latin: vos estis lux mundi non potest civitas abscondi supra montem posita
Wessex: Ge synd midden-eardes leoht. ne maig syo ceastre beon behyd. þe beoð up on munt äset.
Wycliffe: Ye ben liyt of the world; a citee set on an hil may not be hid;
Tyndale: Ye are ye light of the worlde. A cite yt is set on an hill cannot be hid
Luther: Ihr seid das Licht der Welt. Es mag die Stadt, die auf einem Berge liegt, nicht verborgen sein.
Slavonic: Вы есте свет мира: не может град укрытися верху горы стоя:
Russian: Вы-свет мира. Не может укрыться город, стоящий на верху горы.
Spanish: Vosotros sois la luz del mundo. Una ciudad asentada sobre un monte no se puede esconder.
20. Luke 11:25 Garnished
Luke 11:25 And when he cometh, he findeth it swept and garnished. [kjv]
… mundatam [v]
… garnissed… [ty]
The same word still had related words that meant "
adornment".
21. Luke 11:25
KJV: And when he cometh, he findeth it swept and garnished.
Greek: και ελθον ευρισκει σχολαζοντα σεσαρωμενον και κεκοσμημενον
Latin: et cum venerit invenit scopis mundatam
Wessex: & þanne he kymð he hit ge-mett emtig mid besme afermed.
Wycliffe: And whanne he cometh, he fyndith it clansid with besyms, and fayre arayed.
Tyndale: And when he cometh he fyndeth it swept and garnissed.
22. Luke 21:5 Temple
Luke 21:5 And as some spake of the temple, how it was adorned with goodly stones and gifts, he said, [kjv]
… κεκοσμηται … [gnt]
… ornatum … [v]
… garnesshed … [ty]
23. Luke 21:5
KJV: And as some spake of the temple, how it was adorned with goodly stones and gifts, he said,
Greek: και τινων λεγοντων περι του ιερου οτι λιθοις καλοις και αναθημασιν κεκοσμηται ειπεν
Latin: et quibusdam dicentibus de templo quod lapidibus bonis et donis ornatum esset dixit
Wessex: & þa cwaeð he to þam þe saiden be þam temple þt hit waere ge-glenged mid goden stanen & goden gyfen.
Tyndale: As some spake of the teple how it was garnesshed with goodly stones and iewels he sayde.
24. Strongs
Strongs definitions:
- *G2885 *10 κοσμέω (kos-meh'-o) : from G2889 κόσμος; to put in proper order, i.e. decorate (literally or figuratively); specially, to snuff (a wick):--adorn, garnish, trim.
- κεκοσμημενον *2
- Matthew 12:44 ... it empty, swept, and garnished.
- Luke 11:25 ... he findeth it swept and garnished.
- κοσμειτε
- Matthew 23:29 ... the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous,
- εκοσμησαν
- Matthew 25:7 ... virgins arose, and trimmed their lamps.
- κεκοσμηται
- Luke 21:5 ... of the temple, how it was adorned with goodly stones and ...
- κοσμειν
- 1 Timothy 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in ...
- κοσμωσιν
- Titus 2:10 ... good fidelity; that they may adorn the doctrine of God our ...
- εκοσμουν
- 1 Peter 3:5 ... who trusted in God, adorned themselves, being in subjection unto their own husbands:
- κεκοσμημενην
- Revelation 21:2 ... prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.
- κεκοσμημενοι
- Revelation 21:19 And the foundations of the wall of the city were garnished with all manner of precious stones. ...
- *G2886 *2 κοσμικός (kos-mee-kos') : from G2889 κόσμος (in its secondary sense); terrene ("cosmic"), literally (mundane) or figuratively (corrupt):--worldly.
- κοσμικας
- Titus 2:12 ... denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, ...
- κοσμικον
- Hebrews 9:1 ... of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary.
- *G2887 *2 κόσμιος (kos'-mee-os) : from G2889 κόσμος (in its primary sense); orderly, i.e. decorous:--of good behaviour, modest.
- κοσμιω
- 1 Timothy 2:9 ... adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness ...
- κοσμιον
- 1 Timothy 3:2 ... wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach;
- *G2889 *180 κόσμος (kos'-mos) : probably from the base of G2865; orderly arrangement, i.e. decoration; by implication, the world (in a wide or narrow sense, including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally)):--adorning, world.
- κοσμου *69
- Matthew 4:8 ... him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them;
- Matthew 5:14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on ...
- Matthew 24:21 ... not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, ...
- Matthew 25:34 ... for you from the foundation of the world:
- Luke 11:50 ... which was shed from the foundation of the world, may be required of this generation;
- Luke 12:30 ... these things do the nations of the world seek after: and your ...
- John 1:29 ... which taketh away the sin of the world.
- John 4:42 ... indeed the Christ, the Saviour of the world.
- John 6:51 ... will give for the life of the world.
- John 8:53 Art thou greater than our father Abraham, ...
- John 9:5 As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.
- John 11:9 ... he seeth the light of this world.
- John 12:31 Now is the judgment of this world: now shall ...
- John 13:1 ... out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them ...
- John 14:30 ... for the prince of this world cometh, and hath ...
- John 15:19 If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: ...
- John 16:11 ... because the prince of this world is judged.
- κοσμον *44
- Matthew 16:26 ... if he shall gain the whole world, and lose ...
- Mark 8:36 ... if he shall gain the whole world, and lose ...
- Mark 14:9 ... shall be preached throughout the whole world, this also that she ...
- Mark 16:15 ... Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature.
- Luke 9:25 ... advantaged, if he gain the whole world, and lose himself, ...
- John 1:9 ... man that cometh into the world.
- John 3:16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his ...
- John 3:17 ... Son into the world to condemn the world; but that ...
- John 3:19 ... light is come into the world, and men loved ...
- John 6:14 ... that prophet that should come into the world.
- John 9:39 ... am come into this world, that they which see not ...
- John 10:36 ... and sent into the world, Thou blasphemest; because I said, ...
- John 11:27 ... of God, which should come into the world.
- John 12:46 I am come a light into the world, that whosoever believeth ...
- John 12:47 ... to judge the world, but to save the world.
- John 16:8 ... he is come, he will reprove the world of sin, and ...
- John 16:21 ... a man is born into the world.
- John 16:28 ... am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and go ...
- κοσμω *36
- Matthew 18:7 Woe unto the world because of offences! for it ...
- Matthew 26:13 ... shall be preached in the whole world, there shall also ...
- John 1:10 He was in the world, and the world was made by ...
- John 6:33 ... and giveth life unto the world.
- John 7:4 ... these things, shew thyself to the world.
- John 9:5 As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.
- John 12:25 ... life in this world shall keep it unto ...
- John 13:1 ... out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them ...
- John 14:22 ... unto us, and not unto the world?
- John 16:33 ... peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world.
- John 17:11 ... more in the world, but these are in the world, and I ...
- John 17:13 ... these things I speak in the world, that they might have my ...
- John 18:20 ... I spake openly to the world; I ever taught ...
- Romans 1:8 ... is spoken of throughout the whole world.
- Romans 5:13 ... sin was in the world: but sin is ...
- 1 Corinthians 4:9 ... for we are made a spectacle unto the world, and to angels, and to men.
- 1 Corinthians 8:4 ... an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is none ...
- 1 Corinthians 11:32 ... not be condemned with the world.
- 1 Corinthians 14:10 ... kinds of voices in the world, and none of them is without signification.
- κοσμος *32
- Matthew 13:38 The field is the world; the good seed are ...
- John 1:10 He was in the world, and the world was made by ...
- John 3:17 ... Son into the world to condemn the world; but that ...
- John 7:7 The world cannot hate you; but me ...
- John 12:19 ... ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him.
- John 14:17 Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because ...
- John 14:19 Yet a little while, and the world seeth me no ...
- John 14:27 ... unto you: not as the world giveth, give I ...
- John 14:31 But that the world may know that I love ...
- John 15:18 If the world hate you, ye know that ...
- John 15:19 If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: ...
- John 16:20 ... and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and ye ...
- John 17:14 ... word; and the world hath hated them, because they are not of the world, even as I ...
- John 17:21 ... in us: that the world may believe that thou ...
- John 17:23 ... one; and that the world may know that thou ...
- John 17:25 O righteous Father, the world hath not known ...
- Romans 3:19 ... may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God.
- 1 Corinthians 1:21 ... in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom knew ...
25. Usage - garnished
*G2885 *10 κοσμέω (kos-meh'-o) : from G2889 κόσμος; to put in proper order, i.e. decorate (literally or figuratively); specially, to snuff (a wick):--adorn, garnish, trim.
*G2886 *2 κοσμικός (kos-mee-kos') : from G2889 κόσμος (in its secondary sense); terrene ("cosmic"), literally (mundane) or figuratively (corrupt):--worldly.
*G2887 *2 κόσμιος (kos'-mee-os) : from G2889 κόσμος (in its primary sense); orderly, i.e. decorous:--of good behaviour, modest.
*G2889 *180 κόσμος (kos'-mos) : probably from the base of G2865; orderly arrangement, i.e. decoration; by implication, the world (in a wide or narrow sense, including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally)):--adorning, world.
 |
Words: εκοσμησαν εκοσμουν κεκοσμημενην κεκοσμημενοι κεκοσμημενον=2 κεκοσμηται κοσμειν κοσμειτε κοσμικας κοσμικον κοσμιον κοσμιω κοσμον=44 κοσμος=32 κοσμου=69 κοσμω=36 κοσμωσιν
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26. 1 Timothy 2:9 Apparel
1 Timothy 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array; [kjv]
… κοσμιω … κοσμειν … μαργαριταις … ιματισμω … [gnt]
… ornato … ornantes … margaritis … [v]
27. 1 Timothy 2:9
KJV: In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array;
Greek: ωσαυτως και τας γυναικας εν καταστολη κοσμιω μετα αιδους και σωφροσυνης κοσμειν εαυτας μη εν πλεγμασιν η χρυσω και χρυσιω η μαργαριταις η ιματισμω πολυτελει
Latin: similiter et mulieres in habitu ornato cum verecundia et sobrietate ornantes se non in tortis crinibus aut auro aut margaritis vel veste pretiosa
Wycliffe: Also wymmen in couenable abite, with schamefastnesse and sobrenesse araiynge hem silf, not in writhun heeris, ethir in gold, ethir peerlis, ethir preciouse cloth; but that that bicometh wymmen,
28. 1 Peter 3:3
1 Peter 3:3 Whose adorning let it not be that outward adorning of plaiting the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting on of apparel; [kjv]
… vestimentorum cultus [v]
The Latin word
"cultus" ≈ "care, adoration, cult" is the source of the English words such as "
cult", "
cultivate", etc.
29. 1 Peter 3:3
KJV: Whose adorning let it not be that outward adorning of plaiting the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting on of apparel;
Greek: ων εστω ουχ ο εξωθεν εμπλοκης τριχων και περιθεσεως χρυσιων η ενδυσεως ιματιων κοσμος
Latin: quarum sit non extrinsecus capillaturae aut circumdatio auri aut indumenti vestimentorum cultus
Wycliffe: Of whiche`ther be not with outforth curious ournyng of heer, ether doyng aboute of gold, ethir ournyng of clothing;
Luther: welcher Schmuck soll nicht auswendig sein mit Haarflechten und Goldumhängen oder Kleideranlegen,
30. John 3:16
John 3:16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. [kjv]
The word "
cosmos" appears in a well-known verse in John.
31. John 3:16
KJV: For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
Greek: ουτως γαρ ηγαπησεν ο θεος τον κοσμον ωστε τον υιον αυτου τον μονογενη εδωκεν ινα πας ο πιστευων εις αυτον μη αποληται αλλ αλλα εχη ζωην αιωνιον
Latin: sic enim dilexit Deus mundum ut Filium suum unigenitum daret ut omnis qui credit in eum non pereat sed habeat vitam aeternam
Wessex: God lufede middan-eard swa þaet he sealde hys akennedan sune þaet nan ne for-wurðe þe on hine ge-lefð. Ac habbe þt eche lyf.
Russian: Ибо так возлюбил Бог мир, что отдал Сына Своего Единородного, дабы всякий верующий в Него, не погиб, но имел жизнь вечную.
32. Summary
In summary, there are many meanings of "
cosmos" in the Bible and in contemporary language.
physical universe or world (or earth)
the people in the world or domain (e.g., stadium, night club, etc.)
adornment or decoration
33. End of page
