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Sunday School: 2025-04-06 Easter: Shape of the cross
1. Photos for 2024-04-06
... more to be added ...
2. Slide image check
3. SPUMC May 2002 Directory p. 6
Youth bells
4. SPUMC May 2002 Directory p. 6 : 1/3
5. SPUMC May 2002 Directory p. 6 : 2/3
6. SPUMC May 2002 Directory p. 6 : 3/3
7. SPUMC May 2002 Directory p. 6 : 0/3
8. Easter: Shape of the cross
This content is being developed.
9. Easter schedule
- What about the brunch an Palm Sunday?
- What about Easter day?
10. Easter: Prophecies of Jesus and the cross
There are many prophecies of the Jesus and the cross in the Bible.
Some prophecies of Jesus and the cross, not covered here, will be in future lessons.
11. Exodus 12:22 Baptized and splashed with the blood
Exodus 12:22 And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning. [kjv]
λημψεσθε δε δεσμην υσσωπου και βαψαντες απο του αιματος του παρα την θυραν καθιξετε της φλιας και επ αμφοτερων των σταθμων απο του αιματος ο εστιν παρα την θυραν υμεις δε ουκ εξελευσεσθε εκαστος την θυραν του οικου αυτου εως πρωι [lxx]
… tinguite sanguine … [v]
The Latin word
"tingo" ≈ "wet, moisten, dip, dye" and is the source of the English word
"tincture",
"tinge" and
"intinction" as a means of communion by
"dipping" the bread in the wine.
12. Baptized and splashed with the blood
The Hebrew instructions for "
splashing the blood" for "
Passover" have the effect of creating an optical illusion of the "
cross". The Greek for
"dip" in the
LXX (Septuagint) is the same word as for
"baptize".
The blood is to be
splashed, as in "
strike", on the "
lintel" and the two "
side posts". [Moses and the rock]
13. Exodus 17:13-14 Moses on the hill
Exodus 17:13 And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword. [kjv]
17:14 And the LORD said unto Moses, Write this for a memorial in a book, and rehearse it in the ears of Joshua: for I will utterly put out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven. [kjv]
Moses was on the hill, with his hands held up on each side.
- Who is fighting the actual battle on the ground?
- Who fought the Battle of Jericho?
- Has sin been defeated?
Who might we see helping us with battles when we look up through the fog of war? Oh death where is thy sting?
14. Numbers 2:1-34 Algorithms and the camp of Israel
Numbers 2:32 These are those which were numbered of the children of Israel by the house of their fathers: all those that were numbered of the camps throughout their hosts were six hundred thousand and three thousand and five hundred and fifty. [kjv]
The book of Numbers is named for the detailed
census appearing in Numbers 2. The details can be boring but are part of an "
algorithm" provided by God for their camp in the desert.
If the Israelites in the desert had followed the "
algorithm" provided by God as how to precisely camp, their camp would have been laid out in the shape of a cross from the point of view of the "
rising sun" in the morning.
Notice the top-down nature of the reporting with the summary totals first and then the details.
15. Serpent on a pole
16. Crossword puzzles
17. Mondegreens: misheard lyrics
A
mondegreen is pun consisting of a misheard lyric or verse that sounds like something other than what was written.
The term was coined by Sylvia Wright in 1954 who as a child had heard the poem line "
laid him on the green" as "
Lady Mondegreen".
Here are some hymn titles or lines that are mondegreens.
- Gladly, the cross-eye bear
- Come on oh kinky turtle
- Andy walks with me
- Bringing in the sheets
- A maze of grapes, how sweet and round
18. Esther 2:22 Mordecai
Esther 2:22 And the thing was known to Mordecai, who told it unto Esther the queen; and Esther certified the king thereof in Mordecai's name. [kjv]
και εδηλωθη μαρδοχαιω ο λογος και εσημανεν εσθηρ και αυτη ενεφανισεν τω βασιλει τα της επιβουλης [lxx]
And the matter was revealed to Mardochaeus, and he made it known to Esther, and she declared to the king the matter of the conspiracy. [bs3]
19. Esther 2:23 Mordecai
Esther 2:23 And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king. [kjv]
ο δε βασιλευς ητασεν τους δυο ευνουχους και εκρεμασεν αυτους και προσεταξεν ο βασιλευς καταχωρισαι εις μνημοσυνον εν τη βασιλικη βιβλιοθηκη υπερ της ευνοιας μαρδοχαιου εν εγκωμιω [lxx]
And the king examined the two chamberlains, and hanged them: and the king gave orders to make a note for a memorial in the royal records of the good offices of Mardochaeus, as a commendation. [bs3]
Crucifixion originated with the
Persians. Esther
records the hanging of
Mordecai and co-conspirator.
20. Esther 2:22
KJV: And the thing was known to Mordecai, who told it unto Esther the queen; and Esther certified the king thereof in Mordecai's name.
Hebrew: ויודע הדבר למרדכי ויגד לאסתר המלכה ותאמר אסתר למלך בשם מרדכי׃
Greek: και εδηλωθη μαρδοχαιω ο λογος και εσημανεν εσθηρ και αυτη ενεφανισεν τω βασιλει τα της επιβουλης
Brenton: And the matter was revealed to Mardochaeus, and he made it known to Esther, and she declared to the king the matter of the conspiracy.
21. Esther 2:23
KJV: And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.
Hebrew: ויבקש הדבר וימצא ויתלו שניהם על עץ ויכתב בספר דברי הימים לפני המלך׃
Greek: ο δε βασιλευς ητασεν τους δυο ευνουχους και εκρεμασεν αυτους και προσεταξεν ο βασιλευς καταχωρισαι εις μνημοσυνον εν τη βασιλικη βιβλιοθηκη υπερ της ευνοιας μαρδοχαιου εν εγκωμιω
Brenton: And the king examined the two chamberlains, and hanged them: and the king gave orders to make a note for a memorial in the royal records of the good offices of Mardochaeus, as a commendation.
22. Deuteronomy 21:22 Hang on a tree
Deuteronomy 21:22 And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree: [kjv]
εαν δε γενηται εν τινι αμαρτια κριμα θανατου και αποθανη και κρεμασητε αυτον επι ξυλου [lxx]
Today we hang Christmas ornaments on a Christmas tree.
23. Deuteronomy 21:22
KJV: And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree:
Hebrew: וכי יהיה באיש חטא משפט מות והומת ותלית אתו על עץ׃
Greek: εαν δε γενηται εν τινι αμαρτια κριμα θανατου και αποθανη και κρεμασητε αυτον επι ξυλου
24. Deuteronomy 21:23 Hang on a tree
Deuteronomy 21:23 His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance. [kjv]
ουκ επικοιμηθησεται το σωμα αυτου επι του ξυλου αλλα ταφη θαψετε αυτον εν τη ημερα εκεινη οτι κεκατηραμενος υπο θεου πας κρεμαμενος επι ξυλου και ου μιανειτε την γην ην κυριος ο θεος σου διδωσιν σοι εν κληρω [lxx]
Why was Jesus taken down off the cross the same day?
25. Deuteronomy 21:23
KJV: His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.
Hebrew: לא תלין נבלתו על העץ כי קבור תקברנו ביום ההוא כי קללת אלהים תלוי ולא תטמא את אדמתך אשר יהוה אלהיך נתן לך נחלה׃
Greek: ουκ επικοιμηθησεται το σωμα αυτου επι του ξυλου αλλα ταφη θαψετε αυτον εν τη ημερα εκεινη οτι κεκατηραμενος υπο θεου πας κρεμαμενος επι ξυλου και ου μιανειτε την γην ην κυριος ο θεος σου διδωσιν σοι εν κληρω
Brenton: his body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but you° shall by all means bury it in that day; for every one that is hanged on a tree is cursed of God; and you° shall by no means defile the land which the Lord your God gives you for an inheritance.
26. The crucifixion week
How does one get three days and three nights in the grave from late Friday afternoon until early Sunday morning?
The Passover week of the crucifixion of Jesus is documented in the four Gospels. There are some variations in the events and many have tried to harmonize the Gospels for events of the Passover week.
|
Matthew 21-28
|
Mark 11-16
|
Luke 19-24
|
John 12-21
|
A model providing redundancy might help resolve any discrepancies.
There are octagons, heptagons, hexagons. One person got very upset when I claimed there were 2-sided polygons. How did I reconcile with the person?
I said that we should just let bi-gons by bi-gons.
27. Spartacus
The movie Spartacus, featuring Kirk Douglas (and others) is from 1967 and based on the 1951 novel by Howard Fast.
The slave revolt is called the
Third Servile War, also called the
Gladiator War or the
War of Spartacus (by Plutarch) which happened 73-71 BC at the time of the end of the Roman Republic with the Triumvirate - Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great and Roman senator Marcus Licinius Crassus, the richest man in Rome.
28. Spartacus
At the end of the conflict in 71 BC, about 6,000 slave survivors were captured and crucified along the Appian Way from Capua to Rome. No order was ever given to take the bodies down.
Jesus was crucified about 31 AD.
[Caesar, Pompey the Great, Crassus - killed at Carrhae located in modern day Turkey - Parthian shot]
Let us investigate.
29. Christian cross variants
There have been many Christian cross variants over time.
30. Christian cross variants
31. Cross-shaped church floor-plans
32. Unicode crosses
| Symbol |
Unicode |
Name |
| ✙ |
U+2719 |
OUTLINED GREEK CROSS |
| ✚ |
U+271A |
HEAVY GREEK CROSS |
| ✛ |
U+271B |
OPEN CENTER CROSS |
| ✜ |
U+271C |
HEAVY OPEN CENTER CROSS |
| ✝ |
U+271D |
LATIN CROSS |
| ✞ |
U+271E |
SHADOWED WHITE LATIN CROSS |
| ✟ |
U+271F |
OUTLINED LATIN CROSS |
| ✠ |
U+2720 |
MALTESE CROSS |
- ASCII - 128
- extended ASCII -256
- Unicode - 65,526
- extended Unicode - 65,526+
33. Iron Cross
The German word
"Kreuz" ≈ "cross" which is related to the English word
"cross".
The German word
"Eisernes Kreuz" ≈ "Iron Cross" was a military decoration doting from the Kingdom of Prussia during the Napoleonic wars and continued later by the German Empire (1871-1918) and continued by Nazi Germany (1933-1945). The design dates back to the medieval Teutonic Order and knights, from the 1300's. The Iron Cross is the emblem of the Bundeswehr - the modern German armed forces.
34. Chi Rho
|
χ + ρ = ☧ = Χ + Ρ
|
 |
The "
chi rho" symbol became established under
Constantine as a combination of two Greek letters, "
chi" and "
rho", the first two letters of
"Χριστός" ≈ "Christ".
Might there by any interesting
gematria meanings from the two letters?
- "χ" or "Χ" = 600
- "ρ" or "Ρ" = 100
 |
Details are left as a future topic.
|
The Unicode for "
Chi Rho" in the miscellaneous symbols block is "
U+2627" or
☧.
35. Chi Rho
36. Chrismon of Saint Ambrose
The so-called "Chrismon of Saint Ambrose" (Chrismon Sancti Ambrosii), on display on the eastern wall of Milan Cathedral, a Chi-Rho combined with Alpha and Omega in a circle. According to Landulf of Milan (12th century), it was used by Saint Ambrose to introduce the catechumens to the mysteries of the Christian faith (whence it was called "oracle" or chresmos of St. Ambrose, written by Landulf as crismon, whence the later Neo-Latin term for the Chi-Rho symbol). Wikipedia. (as of 2025-03-30)
[Augustine, when in Rome]
37. Easter: Shape of the cross
What was the actual shape of the crucifixion cross?
Some interesting connections arise when the cross has the shape of a "
tee" or "
T" as in Greek letter "
τ" or "
Τ" (tau) as related by Barnabas and some other Roman writers. The impression of the traditional shape could come from the addition of a "
title" (and supporting piece) placed above to describe the crime.
In particular, in Greek, if the "
t" or "
tau" or "
cross" is removed from "
Christ" one gets a play on words of "
gold". This may or may not have significance.
38. Shape of the cross
Somewhere between 40 and 100 years after the crucifixion, and while crucifixion was still used by the Romans, Barnabas compares the shape of the cross to the Greek letter "
T" which is
not the traditional shape of the Christian cross.
The Greek letter "
T" had a gematria value of
300.
English: And because the cross, which is shaped like the T, was destined to convey grace, it mentions also the "three hundred". (Holmes, 2007, p. 409)
Greek: ὅτι δὲ ὁ σταυρὸς ἐν τῷ ταῦ ἤμελλεν ἔχειν τὴν χάριν, λέγει καὶ τοὺς τριακοσίους. [9.8]
39. Epistle of Barnabas
Genesis 14:14 And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan. [kjv]
ακουσας δε αβραμ οτι ηχμαλωτευται λωτ ο αδελφος αυτου ηριθμησεν τους ιδιους οικογενεις αυτου τριακοσιους δεκα και οκτω και κατεδιωξεν οπισω αυτων εως δαν [lxx]
Using
Greek, and not Hebrew,
gematria, Barnabas makes the connection of the "
cross" and first two letters of "
Jesus" to the story of Abraham and the number
318.
Is it reasonable to create a symbol or connection with an abbreviation of the name "
Jesus" in Greek as "ΙΗ" or "
ΙΗΣ"?
40. Genesis 14:14
KJV: And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan.
Hebrew: וישמע אברם כי נשבה אחיו וירק את חניכיו ילידי ביתו שמנה עשר ושלש מאות וירדף עד דן׃
Greek: ακουσας δε αβραμ οτι ηχμαλωτευται λωτ ο αδελφος αυτου ηριθμησεν τους ιδιους οικογενεις αυτου τριακοσιους δεκα και οκτω και κατεδιωξεν οπισω αυτων εως δαν
41. In His Service
Jesus is the "
alpha" and the "
omega", the "
first" and the "
last".
Revelation 22:13 I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. [kjv]
εγω το αλφα και το ω ο πρωτος και ο εσχατος η αρχη και το τελος [gnt]
"Α" ≈ "alpha" is the
first letter of the Greek alphabet.
"Ω" ≈ "omega" is the
last letter of the Greek alphabet.
- The Chrismon "IHS" is often taken to say "In His Service". "ΙΗΣΟΥΣ" ≈ "Jesus" which, in English, is "IHSOUS". The first three letters are (uppercase) "IHS" or (lowercase) "ihs".
42. Justin Martyr
Justin Martyr (100–165) explicitly says the cross of Christ was of two-beam shape: "
That lamb which was commanded to be wholly roasted was a symbol of the suffering of the cross which Christ would undergo". Wikipedia.
The ancient Greek name
"Ἰουστῖνος ὁ Μάρτυς" ≈ "Justin Martyr".
43. Shape of the cross
The crucifixion cross appears to have been a wooden main beam with a cross piece that formed the shape of a "
T" or "
tee". There are Latin writings that support this idea. Some scholars hold to the idea of the "
cross" being a "
stake" (without the cross-beam).
The letter "
T" in the name of Christ and representing the cross is important here.
44. Cross ideas
45. Acts 5:30
Stephen is speaking. Saul, later Paul, was a witness.
Acts 5:30 The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew and hanged on a tree. [kjv]
ο θεος των πατερων ημων ηγειρεν ιησουν ον υμεις διεχειρισασθε κρεμασαντες επι ξυλου [gnt]
46. Acts 5:30
KJV: The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew and hanged on a tree.
Greek: ο θεος των πατερων ημων ηγειρεν ιησουν ον υμεις διεχειρισασθε κρεμασαντες επι ξυλου
47. Acts 10:39
Paul later uses this idea.
Acts 10:39 And we are witnesses of all things which he did both in the land of the Jews, and in Jerusalem; whom they slew and hanged on a tree: [kjv]
και ημεις μαρτυρες παντων ων εποιησεν εν τε τη χωρα των ιουδαιων και ιερουσαλημ ον και ανειλαν κρεμασαντες επι ξυλου [gnt]
48. Acts 10:39
KJV: And we are witnesses of all things which he did both in the land of the Jews, and in Jerusalem; whom they slew and hanged on a tree:
Greek: και ημεις εσμεν μαρτυρες παντων ων εποιησεν εν τε τη χωρα των ιουδαιων και εν ιερουσαλημ ον ανειλον και ανειλαν κρεμασαντες επι ξυλου
49. Galatians 3:13
Paul, as does Jesus, quotes from the Greek
LXX and
not from what is known today as the
HOT (Hebrew Old Testament).
Galatians 3:13 Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree: [kjv]
χριστος ημας εξηγορασεν εκ της καταρας του νομου γενομενος υπερ ημων καταρα οτι γεγραπται επικαταρατος πας ο κρεμαμενος επι ξυλου [gnt]
50. Galatians 3:13
KJV: Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
Greek: χριστος ημας εξηγορασεν εκ της καταρας του νομου γενομενος υπερ ημων καταρα οτι γεγραπται γαρ επικαταρατος πας ο κρεμαμενος επι ξυλου
51. Genesis 40:17 Baker: dream
Joseph in Egypt, in the prison, interprets the dreams of the butler (wine steward) and the baker. Here is the verse for the dream.
Genesis 40:17 And in the uppermost basket there was of all manner of bakemeats for Pharaoh; and the birds did eat them out of the basket upon my head. [kjv]
εν δε τω κανω τω επανω απο παντων των γενων ων ο βασιλευς φαραω εσθιει εργον σιτοποιου και τα πετεινα του ουρανου κατησθιεν αυτα απο του κανου του επανω της κεφαλης μου [lxx]
52. Genesis 40:19 Baker: interpretation by Joseph
Here is the verse for the interpretation by Joseph. The
birds in the interpreted dream refer to eating his flesh (life) from the basket.
Genesis 40:19 Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head from off thee, and shall hang thee on a tree; and the birds shall eat thy flesh from off thee. [kjv]
ετι τριων ημερων αφελει φαραω την κεφαλην σου απο σου και κρεμασει σε επι ξυλου και φαγεται τα ορνεα του ουρανου τας σαρκας σου απο σου [lxx]
Remez:
... in three days, the bread will be broken and the wine will be poured ...
53. Joshua 8:29
Joshua 8:29 And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day. [kjv]
και τον βασιλεα της γαι εκρεμασεν επι ξυλου διδυμου και ην επι του ξυλου εως εσπερας και επιδυνοντος του ηλιου συνεταξεν ιησους και καθειλοσαν αυτου το σωμα απο του ξυλου και ερριψαν αυτον εις τον βοθρον και επεστησαν αυτω σωρον λιθων εως της ημερας ταυτης [lxx]
54. Joshua 8:29
KJV: And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day.
Hebrew: ואת מלך העי תלה על העץ עד עת הערב וכבוא השמש צוה יהושע וירידו את נבלתו מן העץ וישליכו אותה אל פתח שער העיר ויקימו עליו גל אבנים גדול עד היום הזה׃
Greek: και τον βασιλεα της γαι εκρεμασεν επι ξυλου διδυμου και ην επι του ξυλου εως εσπερας και επιδυνοντος του ηλιου συνεταξεν ιησους και καθειλοσαν αυτου το σωμα απο του ξυλου και ερριψαν αυτον εις τον βοθρον και επεστησαν αυτω σωρον λιθων εως της ημερας ταυτης
55. Pony express
The ancient Greek word
"ἀγγαρεύω" ≈ "dispatch as a courier, press into service" and appears to be of Persian origin and the source of the Greek word for
"messenger" or
"angel" and the English word for
"angel".
Herodotus reports on the
Persian system of mounted couriers that was similar to the Pony Express in the 19th century.They could take messages from
Susa (Esther) to
Sardis (Revelation church), about 1700 miles, in nine days (almost 200 miles a day).
The motto of the Persian postal service became memorable: stopped by neither snow, rain, heat or gloom of night. The US postal service also adopted this motto and the famous Pony Express mail delivery resembled the original Persian design. http://www.mage.com/TLbody.html (as of 2007-02-11)
[pony with a sore throat]
56. Herodotus
Herodotus writes (5th Century BC):
English: It is said that as many days as there are in the whole journey, so many are the men and horses that stand along the road, each horse and man at the interval of a day’s journey; and these are stayed neither by snow nor rain nor heat nor darkness from accomplishing their appointed course with all speed.
Greek: λέγουσι γὰρ ὡς ὁσέων ἂν ἡμερέων ᾖ ἡ πᾶσα ὁδός, τοσοῦτοι ἵπποι τε καὶ ἄνδρες διεστᾶσι κατὰ ἡμερησίην ὁδὸν ἑκάστην ἵππος τε καὶ ἀνὴρ τεταγμένος: τοὺς οὔτε νιφετός, οὐκ ὄμβρος, οὐ καῦμα, οὐ νὺξ ἔργει μὴ οὐ κατανύσαι τὸν προκείμενον αὐτῷ δρόμον τὴν ταχίστην.
General rule: To mail via
USPS you need their
stamp of approval.
- Use FedEx when the package absolutely positively needs to get there tomorrow.
- Use the USPS when the package absolutely positively needs to get there eventually.
57. Matthew 27:32 Compel
Matthew 27:32 And as they came out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon by name: him they compelled to bear his cross. [kjv]
εξερχομενοι δε ευρον ανθρωπον κυρηναιον ονοματι σιμωνα τουτον ηγγαρευσαν ινα αρη τον σταυρον αυτου [gnt]
The primary definition of the word translated as
"compel" is to
"press into service as a courier". If the context permits, it can be
"press into service" for
some other task. This appears to be the usage at the crucifixion where Simon is
"compelled" to carry the
cross for Jesus.
Might the "
cross", unlike the baggage of a Roman soldier, somehow, represent a "
message"? That is, the "
message" of the "
cross".
What if an
"evil" entity
"compelled" you to be
"pressed into service as a courier" to
deliver a
false message or
indistinct message to a "
member", or go a
"mile" doing or "
speaking" so?
58. Mark 15:21 Compel as a messenger
59. Matthew 5:41 Paraphrase
Matthew 5:41 And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain. [kjv]
και οστις σε αγγαρευσει μιλιον εν υπαγε μετ αυτου δυο [gnt]
… quicumque … angariaverit mille passus … cum illo … duo [v]
5:41 paraphrase:
Whosoever [enemy, hostile, bones] compels (you) to be a messenger with a message one mile [with an indistinct message, millstone] go away with the message two [of God].
Example: Paul was compelled as a messenger of the religious institution to go one mile (with an indistinct message). Instead, he changed course and went two miles (and more) with a message of God.
60. Matthew 10:38-42 Commanded to follow in the cross walk
Matthew 10:38 And he that taketh not his cross, and followeth after me, is not worthy of me. [kjv]
10:39 He that findeth his life shall lose it: and he that loseth his life for my sake shall find it. [kjv]
The English word
"acolyte" comes from the late Latin word
"acolythus" ≈ "acolyte" which comes from the ancient Greek word
"ἀκόλουθος" ≈ "following, attending". That word comes from
"κέλευθος" ≈ "road, way, path" which is from
"κελεύω" ≈ "urge, command" which appears in the
KJV (King James Version) and the
LXX.
The idea appears to be that if one is not commanding or leading than one is following or attending. We are told to be "
followers" and not "
leaders" in the human sense of the word. An interesting use of the word for
"command" appears in a verse for the "
rapture" and often translated as
"shout".
61. A cross lizard
62. An easier Easter
63. End of page
Numbers 21:8 And the LORD said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live. [kjv]
και ειπεν κυριος προς μωυσην ποιησον σεαυτω οφιν και θες αυτον επι σημειου και εσται εαν δακη οφις ανθρωπον πας ο δεδηγμενος ιδων αυτον ζησεται [lxx]
John 3:14 And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: [kjv]
και καθως μωυσης υψωσεν τον οφιν εν τη ερημω ουτως υψωθηναι δει τον υιον του ανθρωπου [gnt]
3:15 That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life. [kjv]
ινα πας ο πιστευων εν αυτω εχη ζωην αιωνιον [gnt]
Mark 15:21 And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his cross. [kjv]
και αγγαρευουσιν παραγοντα τινα σιμωνα κυρηναιον ερχομενον απ αγρου τον πατερα αλεξανδρου και ρουφου ινα αρη τον σταυρον αυτου [gnt]
