On this site, some Bibles verses used include the following versions. Note that the letter abbreviation in brackets is the internal verse version key that may appear in some verse references.
[b] The King James Bible is from 1769.
[ty] The William Tyndale Bible is from 1525/1530.
[wy] The John Wycliffe Bible is from 1395.
[ge] The German Darby Bible is from 1905, the "Darby Unrevidierte Elberfelder".
[lu] The German Martin Luther Bible is from 1545, the "Unrevidierte Luther Ersetzung".
[dr] The DR (Douay-Rheims) Bible is a direct translation of the Latin Vulgate, which can make the Latin easier to follow.
[v] The Latin Vulgate is a translation by Jerome.
[x] The Greek New Testament manuscripts include the TR (Textus Receptus) and WH (Westcott Horte) as part of the GNT (Greek New Testament).
[x] The Greek Old Testament manuscripts include the LXX (Septuagint).
[bs3] The Brenton Septuagint English translation.
The Greek Bible [x] includes the
LXX and the
GNT with markings for differences between
TR and
WH. Note also that some Greek (and other) texts from Crosswire.org do not include accents. Note also that the original manuscripts also did not include accents.
The main references include the following.
https://www.crosswire.org for the Bible verse references and text using various Bible translations in English, German, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, etc.
various books on linguistics, word histories, special topics, etc., in modern or ancient Greek, either written by Greeks or translated into Greek (and that often have footnotes and comments in Greek that do not appear in the original writing).
various Internet downloads of ancient Greek texts such as Homer, Xenophon, Herodotus, Plutarch, etc.
https://www.etymonline.com for the etymological roots of words. This site is mostly accurate, but may at times omit or not know about some word roots.
https://www.wikipedia.com and http://en.wiktionary.com for some word roots and histories and commonly know facts (e.g., atomic numbers of elements, etc.).
https://translate.google.com for some modern (and Latin) word translations.
Note that the references do not include Biblical commentaries, writings of theologians and scholars, etc. As a first step it is important to go back to primary sources and verify ideas from those primary sources.
Many Greek words include a way to pronounce them. This is generated via a programmed script and has obvious room for improvement. Using
IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is a future addition, but not everyone is familiar with
IPA.
The pronunciation used is that used for modern Greek, a living language spoken by about 11 million people worldwide. The traditional pronunciation used for Bible (and classical Greek) was developed by a Dutchman, Erasmus, in the 1400's. This pronunciation is somewhat arbitrary, differs between usage in countries such as the United States, Britain, and Germany, and has never at any time been used as a living language. The advantage of the Erasmus pronunciation is that it allows one to pronounce what is read and write what is pronounced, much like the German language, but unlike English, Hebrew, modern Greek, and many other languages.
The pronunciation help (in parentheses) is auto-generated from a programmed script and is not perfect in same cases. Automating this means that at some time in the future, a modified script could generate Erasmus pronunciation help in the same way.
