Adding and dropping letters

The phenomena of adding letters or dropping letters is not uncommon and develops over time based on how people hear a word.

For baseball fans, the numpire calls balls and strikes. Is that correct?
For cooks, it can be good to wear a napron. Is that correct?
For outdoor hikers, have you ever encountered a nadder. Is that correct?

For baseball fans, the numpire calls balls and strikes. Is that correct?

The numpire is not the odd man out but the odd man in. Is Jesus a numpire?
The English word "umpire" comes from the English word "noumpere" which comes from the French word "nonper" ≈ "umpire" which means "odd number" or, literally, "not divisible (by two)" and thus "not even" since a third party (making an odd number) is required to settle a dispute between two parties.

Contrast: Third party cookie.
Analogy: Jesus as intercessor or "umpire".

Over time, the words "a noumpere" was heard as "an umpere" so that "umpere" and later "umpire" become the word. Same for "napron" to "apron" and "nadder" to "adder" but not "napkin".

God challenges the Devil to a game of baseball.

God said: How can I lose?

I have all the best players up here!

The Devil said: How can I lose?

I have all of the umpires down here.

Why are some umpires fat?

The always clean their plate.

What is the difference between an umpire and an empire?

An umpire gives three strikes, but an empire strikes back.

A security issue in web pages are "third party cookies".

The client (i.e., you ) a web page is the first party.
The server providing the web page is the second party.
An additional entity (marketing agency, hacker, etc.) constitutes the third party.

Note that third party cookies are one way of tracking user behavior over the Internet.

The English word "apron" comes from the English word "napron" which comes from The French word "naperon" ≈ "small table cloth" which is a diminutive of The French word "nappe" ≈ "cloth". The Latin word is "mappa" ≈ "napkin" where, linguistically, the change from "m" to "n" is not uncommon.

That is, "a napron" changed to "an apron". Note that this change did not effect the word "napkin", which is not called an "apkin", but just the word "apron".

John 3:14 And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: [kjv]

και καθως μωυσης υψωσεν τον οφιν εν τη ερημω ουτως υψωθηναι δει τον υιον του ανθρωπου [gnt]

… neddre … [wes]

The Old English word "naeddre" was a "snake". The leading "n" dropped off to yield "adder" as a snake. That is, "a nadder" became "an adder".

The Old English word "naeddren" ≈ "snakes" shows the presence of the leading "n".
The Middle English word "edder" ≈ "snake" shows the dropping of the leading "n" from Old English.

We see this use of "an neddre" to "an adder" starting in the Wessex Gospels in John 3:14.

John 3:14

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KJV: And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up:

Greek: και καθως μωσης μωυσης υψωσεν τον οφιν εν τη ερημω ουτως υψωθηναι δει τον υιον του ανθρωπου

Latin: et sicut Moses exaltavit serpentem in deserto ita exaltari oportet Filium hominis

Wessex: aend swa swa moyses þa neddre up ä-hof on þam westene. swa ge-bereð þaet mannes sunu beo up a-hafen.

Wycliffe: And as Moises areride a serpent in desert, so it bihoueth mannys sone to be reisid,

Tyndale: And as Moses lifte vp the serpent in the wyldernes even so must the sonne of man be lifte vp

Spanish: Y como Moisés levantó la serpiente en el desierto, así es necesario que el Hijo del Hombre sea levantado;

Matthew 7:10 Or if he ask a fish, will he give him a serpent? [kjv]

η και ιχθυν αιτησει μη οφιν επιδωσει αυτω [gnt]

The modern Greek word "φίδι" (FEE-thee) ≈ "snake" comes from the ancient Greek word "όφιν" (O-feen) ≈ "snake" where, over time, the leading «ο» (omicron) disappeared (and the ending changed).

The Latin word "serpentem" ≈ "snake" leads to the translation of "serpent" for "snake" in many translations.

The ancient Greek word "ὀφείλω" ≈ "owe, be obligated" and is the word used in the Lord's Prayer. It can be a play on words with "serpent".

Matthew 7:10

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KJV: Or if he ask a fish, will he give him a serpent?

Greek: η και εαν ιχθυν αιτηση αιτησει μη οφιν επιδωσει αυτω

Latin: aut si piscem petet numquid serpentem porriget ei

Wessex: Oððe gyf he him bit fissces. sylst þu him naeddren.

Wycliffe: Or if he axe fische, whether he wole take hym an edder?

Tyndale: Or if he axed fysshe wolde he proffer hym a serpet?

Leviticus 11:30 And the ferret, and the chameleon, and the lizard, and the snail, and the mole. [kjv]

μυγαλη και χαμαιλεων και καλαβωτης και σαυρα και ασπαλαξ [lxx]

the ferret, and the chameleon, and the evet, and the newt, and the mole. [bs3]

An "evet" or "ewte" (Middle English) is a small lizard. The phrase "an ewte" changed via rebracketing to "a newte".

The ancient Greek word "σαῦρος" ≈ "lizard, serpent" and is the source of the English word "dinosaur" and is used symbolically to represent Satan as a "serpent". The source of the word "sauros" is that of "twisting".

More: Matthew 10:38-42 Commanded to follow in the cross walk

The Greek language has what is called a "movable nu" from the letter "nu" in the Greek alphabet.

The ancient Greek phrase "νῦ ἐφελκυστικόν" ≈ "nu dragged onto, nu attracted to" and comes from two Greek words.

The ancient Greek word "επι" ≈ "on".
The ancient Greek word "ἕλκω" ≈ "drag, attract"

In Greek, the "movable nu" is used to avoid two vowels in a row, a "hiatus". That is, a vowel at the end of one word and a vowel at the beginning of the next word. Since this is a speech-related phenomena, sometimes the "movable nu" is optional.

*G1670 *8 ἑλκύω (hel-koo'-o) : or helko hel'-ko; probably akin to G138; to drag (literally or figuratively):--draw. Compare G1667.

Usage

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ειλκυσεν *2

John 18:10 ... Peter having a sword drew it, and smote ...
John 21:11 Simon Peter went up, and drew the net to land ...

ελκυση

John 6:44 ... the Father which hath sent me draw him: and I ...

ελκυσω

John 12:32 ... I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.

ελκυσαι

John 21:6 ... they were not able to draw it for the multitude of fishes.

ειλκυσαν

Acts 16:19 ... Paul and Silas, and drew them into the marketplace unto the rulers,

ειλκον

Acts 21:30 ... and they took Paul, and drew him out of the temple: ...

ελκουσιν

James 2:6 ... oppress you, and draw you before the judgment seats?

Words: ειλκον ειλκυσαν ειλκυσεν=2 ελκουσιν ελκυσαι ελκυση ελκυσω

John 6:44 No man can come to me, except the Father which hath sent me draw him: and I will raise him up at the last day. [kjv]

ουδεις δυναται ελθειν προς με εαν μη ο πατηρ ο πεμψας με ελκυση αυτον καγω αναστησω αυτον εν τη εσχατη ημερα [gnt]

12:32 And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. [kjv]

καγω αν υψωθω εκ της γης παντας ελκυσω προς εμαυτον [gnt]

The phrase "strange attractor" is a term from "chaos theory".

John 6:44

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KJV: No man can come to me, except the Father which hath sent me draw him: and I will raise him up at the last day.

Greek: ουδεις δυναται ελθειν προς με εαν μη ο πατηρ ο πεμψας με ελκυση αυτον και εγω καγω αναστησω αυτον εν τη εσχατη ημερα

John 12:32

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KJV: And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.

Greek: καγω εαν αν υψωθω εκ της γης παντας ελκυσω προς εμαυτον

John 21:6 And he said unto them, Cast the net on the right side of the ship, and ye shall find. They cast therefore, and now they were not able to draw it for the multitude of fishes. [kjv]

ο δε ειπεν αυτοις βαλετε εις τα δεξια μερη του πλοιου το δικτυον και ευρησετε εβαλον ουν και ουκετι αυτο ελκυσαι απο του πληθους των ιχθυων [gnt]

… dexteram … trahere … [v]

21:11 Simon Peter went up, and drew the net to land full of great fishes, an hundred and fifty and three: and for all there were so many, yet was not the net broken. [kjv]

ανεβη ουν σιμων πετρος και ειλκυσεν το δικτυον την γην μεστον ιχθυων μεγαλων εκατον πεντηκοντα τριων και τοσουτων οντων ουκ εσχισθη το δικτυον [gnt]

$Fish$ In ancient times, the number 153 was known as the "number of the fish".

More: John 21:11 the number of the fish caught

More: Number 153: number of the fish

John 21:6

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KJV: And he said unto them, Cast the net on the right side of the ship, and ye shall find. They cast therefore, and now they were not able to draw it for the multitude of fishes.

Greek: ο δε ειπεν αυτοις βαλετε εις τα δεξια μερη του πλοιου το δικτυον και ευρησετε εβαλον ουν και ουκ ετι ουκετι αυτο ελκυσαι ισχυσαν ισχυον απο του πληθους των ιχθυων

Latin: dixit eis mittite in dexteram navigii rete et invenietis miserunt ergo et iam non valebant illud trahere a multitudine piscium

John 21:11

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KJV: Simon Peter went up, and drew the net to land full of great fishes, an hundred and fifty and three: and for all there were so many, yet was not the net broken.

Greek: ανεβη ουν σιμων πετρος και ειλκυσεν το δικτυον επι της γης εις την γην μεστον ιχθυων μεγαλων εκατον πεντηκοντατριων πεντηκοντα τριων και τοσουτων οντων ουκ εσχισθη το δικτυον

The German rule "Eifeler Regel" ≈ "Eifel Rule" is a rule whereby, in speech, the consonant "n" at the end of a word is sometimes omitted if the next word begins with a consonant.

In linguistics, a "juncture loss" is where some of a word or words is lost over time. Here are some examples (some from Wikipedia).

alligator from the Spanish word "el lagarto" ≈ "lizard", an alligator being a type of lizard.
ajar (from the Scottish "a char" meaning "turned a little way")
alone (from all one)
atone (from at one)
an apron (from napron)
an umpire (from numpire)

More: A feud about a little less

More: Alligators and crocodiles