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1 Timothy 5:23 A fine way to stomach a lack of intestinal fortitude
1. 1 Timothy 5:23
1 Timothy 5:23 Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities. [kjv]
μηκετι υδροποτει αλλα οινω ολιγω χρω δια τον στομαχον και τας πυκνας σου ασθενειας [gnt]
In the
GNT (Greek New Testament), Paul advises his long-time helper Timothy to try some wine to help with some intestinal issue.
For this reason, Saint Timothy is sometimes invoked against stomach and intestinal disorders.
From this verse, it is inferred that Timothy was somewhat frail and not always in the best of health.
2. 1 Timothy 5:23
KJV: Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities.
Greek: μηκετι υδροποτει αλλ αλλα οινω ολιγω χρω δια τον στομαχονσου και τας πυκνας σου ασθενειας
Latin: noli adhuc aquam bibere sed vino modico utere propter stomachum tuum et frequentes tuas infirmitates
Wycliffe: Nyle thou yit drinke watir, but vse a litil wyn, for thi stomac, and`for thin ofte fallynge infirmytees.
Gothic: ju ni drigkais thanamais wato, ak weinis leitil brukjais in qithaus theinis jah thizo ufta sauhte theinaizo.
Luther: Trinke nicht mehr Wasser, sondern brauche ein wenig Wein um deines Magens willen, und daß du oft krank bist.
Slavonic: Ктому не пий воды, но мало вина приемли, стомаха ради твоего и частых твоих недугов.
Russian: Впредь пей не одну воду, но употребляй немного вина, ради желудка твоего и частых твоих недугов.
Spanish: Ya no bebas agua, sino usa de un poco de vino por causa de tu estómago y de tus frecuentes enfermedades.
3. A grape way to whine about wine
Mark 15:23 And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not. [kjv]
και εδιδουν αυτω εσμυρνισμενον οινον ος δε ουκ ελαβεν [gnt]
A common use of grapes, that grow on a vine, is to make wine.
Wine can be made from many types of fruit. When I was growing up, a wayfaring person near our farm used to make dandelion wine.
At the crucifixion, Jesus is provided wine to drink, but he did not receive it.
4. Mark 15:23
KJV: And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not.
Greek: και εδιδουν αυτω πιειν εσμυρνισμενον οινον οος δε ουκ ελαβεν
Latin: et dabant ei bibere murratum vinum et non accepit
Wessex: & sealden him ge-bytered win & he hit ne on-feng.
Wycliffe: And thei yauen to hym to drynke wyn meddlid with mirre, and he took not.
Tyndale: and they gave him to drinke wyne myngled with myrte but he receaved it not.
Gothic: jah gebun imma drigkan wein mith smwrna; ith is ni nam.
Luther: Und sie gaben ihm Myrrhen im Wein zu trinken; und er nahm's nicht zu sich.
Slavonic: И даяху Ему пити есмирнисмено вино: Он же не прият.
Russian: И давали Ему пить вино со смирною; но Он не принял.
Spanish: Y le dieron a beber vino mezclado con mirra; masÉl no lo tomó.
Portuguese: Queriam dar-lhe vinho misturado com mirra, mas Ele não quis beber.
5. Strongs - wine
- *G3631 *34 οἶνος (oy'-nos) : a primary word (or perhaps of Hebrew origin (3196)); "wine" (literally or figuratively):--wine.
- οινον *18
- Matthew 9:17 Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and ...
- Matthew 27:34 They gave him vinegar to drink mingled with ...
- Mark 2:22 ... putteth new wine into old bottles: else the new wine ...
- Mark 15:23 And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not.
- Luke 1:15 ... and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and ...
- Luke 5:37 ... putteth new wine into old bottles; else the new wine will burst the bottles, ...
- Luke 5:38 But new wine must be put into new ...
- Luke 7:33 ... bread nor drinking wine; and ye say, He hath a devil.
- Luke 10:34 ... pouring in oil and wine, and set him ...
- John 2:3 And when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto him, They have no wine.
- John 2:9 ... had tasted the water that was made wine, and knew not ...
- John 2:10 ... doth set forth good wine; and when men have well drunk, then that which is worse: but thou hast kept the good wine ...
- John 4:46 ... where he made the water wine. And there was a certain ...
- Romans 14:21 ... flesh, nor to drink wine, nor any thing whereby thy ...
- Revelation 6:6 ... not the oil and the wine.
- Revelation 18:13 ... and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and ...
- οινος *6
- Matthew 9:17 Neither do men put new wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and ...
- Mark 2:22 ... putteth new wine into old bottles: else the new wine ...
- Luke 5:37 ... putteth new wine into old bottles; else the new wine will burst the bottles, ...
- John 2:3 And when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto him, They have no wine.
- οινου *6
- Revelation 14:8 ... nations drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication.
- Revelation 14:10 The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which ...
- Revelation 16:19 ... to give unto her the cup of the wine of the fierceness of his wrath.
- Revelation 17:2 ... of the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication.
- Revelation 18:3 ... nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, ...
- Revelation 19:15 ... and he treadeth the winepress of the fierceness and wrath ...
- οινω *4
- Ephesians 5:18 ... not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; ...
- 1 Timothy 3:8 ... not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre;
- 1 Timothy 5:23 ... but use a little wine for thy stomach's ...
- Titus 2:3 ... not given to much wine, teachers of good things;
6. Usage - wine
*G3631 *34 οἶνος (oy'-nos) : a primary word (or perhaps of Hebrew origin (3196)); "wine" (literally or figuratively):--wine.
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Words: οινον=18 οινος=6 οινου=6 οινω=4
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7. Etymology
8. Wine
The ancient Greek word "οἶνος" ≈ "wine".
The modern Greek word "οίνος" (EE-nos) ≈ "wine" is an older word for "wine" and goes back to ancient times.
The modern Greek word "κρασί" (kra-SEE) ≈ "wine".
The older ancient Greek word
"Ϝοῖνος" ≈ "wine" (using the digamma with the "
v" sound). The ancient Greek word for "
wine" originally had a beginning letter of the digamma «
Ϝ» that had the sound of a English "
w" or "
v" so that «
οίνος» was «
Ϝοινος» and pronounced more like the English "
wine" or the German "
Wein" ("
v" sound at the beginning).
9. Latin
Mark 15:23 And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not. [kjv]
και εδιδουν αυτω εσμυρνισμενον οινον ος δε ουκ ελαβεν [gnt]
… vinum … [v]
… vino … [es]
… vinho … [por]
The Latin word "vinea" ≈ "vine".
The Latin word "vinum" ≈ "wine".
The Spanish word "vino" ≈ "wine, vine".
10. Russian
Mark 15:23 And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not. [kjv]
και εδιδουν αυτω εσμυρνισμενον οινον ος δε ουκ ελαβεν [gnt]
… вино … [rus]
… вино… [ocs]
The Old Church Slavonic word "вино" (vino) ≈ "wine"
The Russian word "вино" (vino) ≈ "wine".
The Russian word for "
vodka" comes from the Russian ward for "
water".
11. Diagram
12. Genesis 9:21 Noah and wine
Genesis 9:21 And he drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent. [kjv]
… היין … [he]
και επιεν εκ του οινου και εμεθυσθη και εγυμνωθη εν τω οικω αυτου [lxx]
*H3196 יַיִן (yah'-yin) : from an unused root meaning to effervesce; wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication:--banqueting, wine, wine(-bibber).
After the flood, Noah grows a vineyard, makes wine and gets drunk.
It appears that Noah was "
perfect" in his generation, as far being complete as having a clean gene pool, but was not what we today call "
perfect" as in without imperfection.
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Details are left as a future topic.
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13. Genesis 9:21
KJV: And he drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent.
Hebrew: וישת מן היין וישכר ויתגל בתוך אהלה׃
Greek: και επιεν εκ του οινου και εμεθυσθη και εγυμνωθη εν τω οικω αυτου
Latin: bibensque vinum inebriatus est et nudatus in tabernaculo suo
Wycliffe: and he drank wyn, and was drunkun; and he was nakid, and lay in his tabernacle.
Tyndale: and drancke of the wyne and was droncke and laye vncouered in the myddest of his tet.
Luther: Und da er des Weins trank, ward er trunken und lag in der Hütte aufgedeckt.
Slavonic: и испи от вина, и упися, и обнажися в дому своем.
Russian: и выпил он вина, и опьянел, и лежал обнаженным в шатре своем.
Spanish: Y bebió del vino, y se embriagó, y estaba descubierto en medio de su tienda.
14. John 2:10 Water into wine
John 2:10 And saith unto him, Every man at the beginning doth set forth good wine; and when men have well drunk, then that which is worse: but thou hast kept the good wine until now. [kjv]
και λεγει αυτω πας ανθρωπος πρωτον τον καλον οινον τιθησιν και οταν μεθυσθωσιν τον ελασσω συ τετηρηκας τον καλον οινον εως αρτι [gnt]
Jesus turns water into wine at Cana in John 2.
15. John 2:10
KJV: And saith unto him, Every man at the beginning doth set forth good wine; and when men have well drunk, then that which is worse: but thou hast kept the good wine until now.
Greek: και λεγει αυτω πας ανθρωπος πρωτον τον καλον οινον τιθησιν και οταν μεθυσθωσιν τοτε τον ελασσω συ τετηρηκας τον καλον οινον εως αρτι
Latin: et dicit ei omnis homo primum bonum vinum ponit et cum inebriati fuerint tunc id quod deterius est tu servasti bonum vinum usque adhuc
Wessex: & cwaeð to hym; aelc man sylð aerest god win. & þonne hyo drunkene beoð. þaet þe wyrse beoð. Ðu þe ge-heolde þaet gode win oð þys.
16. Matthew 26:29 Fruit of the vine
Matthew 26:29 But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom. [kjv]
λεγω δε υμιν ου μη πιω απ αρτι εκ τουτου του γενηματος της αμπελου εως της ημερας εκεινης οταν αυτο πινω μεθ υμων καινον εν τη βασιλεια του πατρος μου [gnt]
At the last supper, Jesus talks of drinking the fruit of the vine. At that time, spring during Passover, any wine, leftover from the Fall before, would have been somewhat fermented.
Perhaps this statement at the Last Supper is why Jesus refused the offer of wine (and myrrh to lessen the pain) at the crucifixion.
The word that the
KJV (King James Version) translates as "
fruit" is not the usual word for fruit but "
offspring".
*G1081 *9 γέννημα (ghen'-nay-mah) : from G1080; offspring; by analogy, produce (literally or figuratively):--fruit, generation.
17. Matthew 26:29
KJV: But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom.
Greek: λεγω δε υμιν οτι ου μη πιω απ αρτι εκ τουτου του γεννηματος γενηματος της αμπελου εως της ημερας εκεινης οταν αυτο πινω μεθ υμων καινον εν τη βασιλεια του πατρος μου
Wessex: Witodlice ic segge eow þt ic ne drinke heonen-forð of þisen eorðalice wine aer þam daige þe ic drinke þt neowe mid eow on mines faeder rice.
18. Strongs - offspring
- *G1081 *9 γέννημα (ghen'-nay-mah) : from G1080; offspring; by analogy, produce (literally or figuratively):--fruit, generation.
- γεννηματα *4
- Matthew 3:7 ... baptism, he said unto them, O generation of vipers, who hath warned ...
- Matthew 12:34 O generation of vipers, how can ye, being evil, ...
- Matthew 23:33 Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?
- Luke 3:7 ... to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who hath warned ...
- γενηματος *3
- Matthew 26:29 ... henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that ...
- Mark 14:25 ... I will drink no more of the fruit of the vine, until that ...
- Luke 22:18 ... not drink of the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom ...
- γενηματα *2
- Luke 12:18 ... will I bestow all my fruits and my goods.
- 2 Corinthians 9:10 ... seed sown, and increase the fruits of your righteousness;)
19. Usage - offspring
*G1081 *9 γέννημα (ghen'-nay-mah) : from G1080; offspring; by analogy, produce (literally or figuratively):--fruit, generation.
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Words: γενηματα=2 γενηματος=3 γεννηματα=4
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20. Craters
Exodus 24:6 And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basons; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar. [kjv]
λαβων δε μωυσης το ημισυ του αιματος ενεχεεν εις κρατηρας το δε ημισυ του αιματος προσεχεεν προς το θυσιαστηριον [lxx]
… crateras … [v]
One problem with wine is that of overdoing it to excess. Natural wine does not become fermented as strong wine, but the Greeks (and others) had ways of doing this.
In ancient Greek, a «
κρηταρα» was a basin or bowl, often used to mix wine and water so that, by evaporation or by adding water, one could make it either stronger or weaker.
The Latin word is "crater" ≈ "bowl-shaped mouth of a volcano".
The word "crater" has been applied to features of the Moon since 1831.
The modern Greek word
"κρατήρας" (kra-TEE-ras) ≈ "crater".
21. Exodus 24:6
KJV: And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basons; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar.
Hebrew: ויקח משה חצי הדם וישם באגנת וחצי הדם זרק על המזבח׃
Greek: λαβων δε μωυσης το ημισυ του αιματος ενεχεεν εις κρατηρας το δε ημισυ του αιματος προσεχεεν προς το θυσιαστηριον
Latin: tulit itaque Moses dimidiam partem sanguinis et misit in crateras partem autem residuam fudit super altare
22. Exodus 25:31 Bowls
Exodus 25:31 And thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold: of beaten work shall the candlestick be made: his shaft, and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, shall be of the same. [kjv]
και ποιησεις λυχνιαν εκ χρυσιου καθαρου τορευτην ποιησεις την λυχνιαν ο καυλος αυτης και οι καλαμισκοι και οι κρατηρες και οι σφαιρωτηρες και τα κρινα εξ αυτης εσται [lxx]
23. Exodus 25:31
KJV: And thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold: of beaten work shall the candlestick be made: his shaft, and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, shall be of the same.
Hebrew: ועשית מנרת זהב טהור מקשה תעשה המנורה ירכה וקנה גביעיה כפתריה ופרחיה ממנה יהיו׃
Greek: και ποιησεις λυχνιαν εκ χρυσιου καθαρου τορευτην ποιησεις την λυχνιαν ο καυλος αυτης και οι καλαμισκοι και οι κρατηρες και οι σφαιρωτηρες και τα κρινα εξ αυτης εσται
24. Research studies
In research studies involving statistics, one tries to infer information about a population by looking at only part of the population.
Have you heard the following?
Coffee is bad for you.
Drinking red wine in moderation is good for you.
25. Statistical studies
It is well known that in statistical studies, the inclusion or exclusion of factors can influence the result. Factors are often manipulated to get the result that is desired.
A goal of getting newspaper headlines, publicity, funding for projects, etc., can greatly influence what research is done and/or published. For this reason, one should always take research studies with a large grain of salt (i.e., in a very skeptical manner).
26. Red wine
The wine industry, and wine lovers, like the advice about drinking red wine in moderation.
In the wine industry, if it is too dry, it can be hard raisin grapes.
However, people who do everything in moderation are more likely to drink red wine in moderation.
The coffee study did not account for heavy drinkers and/or smokers.
27. Philippians 4:5
28. Philippians 4:5
KJV: Let your moderation be known unto all men. The Lord is at hand.
Greek: το επιεικες υμων γνωσθητω πασιν ανθρωποις ο κυριος εγγυς
Latin: modestia vestra nota sit omnibus hominibus Dominus prope
Wycliffe: Be youre pacyence knowun to alle men; the Lord is niy.
Luther: Eure Lindigkeit lasset kund sein allen Menschen. Der Herr ist nahe.
Spanish: Vuestra modestia sea conocida de todos los hombres. El Señor está cerca.
29. Strongs - moderation
- *G1933 *5 ἐπιεικής (ep-ee-i-kace') : from G1909 and G1503; appropriate, i.e. (by implication) mild:--gentle, moderation, patient.
- επιεικες
- Philippians 4:5 Let your moderation be known unto all ...
- επιεικη
- 1 Timothy 3:3 ... not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous;
- επιεικεις
- Titus 3:2 To speak evil of no man, to be no brawlers, but gentle, shewing all meekness ...
- επιεικης
- James 3:17 ... pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be intreated, full of mercy ...
- επιεικεσιν
- 1 Peter 2:18 ... only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward.
30. Usage - moderation
*G1933 *5 ἐπιεικής (ep-ee-i-kace') : from G1909 and G1503; appropriate, i.e. (by implication) mild:--gentle, moderation, patient.
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Words: επιεικεις επιεικες επιεικεσιν επιεικη επιεικης
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31. Some witty remarks on laughing and humor
Ephesians 5:4 Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not convenient: but rather giving of thanks. [kjv]
και αισχροτης και μωρολογια η ευτραπελια α ουκ ανηκεν αλλα μαλλον ευχαριστια [gnt]
This content is about laughing and humor in general and witty humor in particular.
Paul makes an interesting remark on "
witty humor" in Ephesians 5:4. In context, the intended meaning is not clear as it depends on the (ambiguous) way in which the sentence is parsed.
32. End of page