Book: Apostolic Fathers

The Didache, part 15.3, has the following. Here is the translation by Holmes.

The Didache appears to narrow what is a "sin" and then assume that the person accused is assumed wrong.

Thus, the Didache has selected a subset of what Jesus said, made assumptions on what happened, and then provided a general rule that does not follow from all that Jesus said.

English: ... and if anyone wrongs his or her neighbor, let no one speak to that person, nor let that one hear a word from you, until he or she repents.

Greek: ... καὶ παντὶ ἀστοχοῦντι κατὰ τοῦ ἑτέρου μηδεὶς λαλείτω μηδὲ παρ’ ὑμῶν ἀκουέτω, ἕως οὗ μετανοήσῃ.

Holmes, M. (2007). The Apostolic Fathers. 3rd Ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, p. 367.

More: Didache: The doctrine of teaching

Clement, an early church father, in Clement 1, part 23.5 has the following (underline added) in a section explaining why the things described have not yet happened. Here is the translation by Holmes (underline added).

English: Truly his purpose will be accomplished quickly and suddenly, just as the scripture also testifies. "He will come quickly and not delay; and the Lord will come suddenly into his temple, even the Holy One whom you expect."

Greek: επ αληθειας ταχυ και εξαιφνης τελειωθησεται το βουλημα αυτου, συνεπιμαρτυρουσης και της γραφης οτι ταχυ ηξει και ου χρονιει, και εξαιφνης ηξει ο κυριος εις τον ναον αυτου, και ο αγιος ον υμεις προσδοκατε.

Holmes, M. (2007). The Apostolic Fathers. 3rd Ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, p. 79.

More: Come quickly: sooner or later

Talking about false teachers, early church father Ignatius writes the following to the Trallians (part 6.2, underlining added).

The Greek for "unsuspecting" is "ignorant". One needs to study the truth to not be "ignorant".

English: ... these people, while pretending to be trustworthy, mix Jesus Christ with themselves - like those who administer a deadly drug with honeyed wine, which the unsuspecting victim accepts without fear and so with final pleasure drinks down death. Holmes, M. (2007). The Apostolic Fathers. 3rd Ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, p. 219.

What is the functional difference between the following?

Someone who says "I am Christ. Do this." (false Christ).
Someone who says "I represent Christ. Christ says to do this.".

More: The taste of false teaching

After warning about the poison of false teachers, Ignatius tells the Trallians in the very next line that being puffed up with pride makes one susceptible to such false teachers (part 7.1).

English: Therefore be on your guard against such people. And you will be provided that you are not puffed up with pride ...

Holmes, M. (2007). The Apostolic Fathers. 3rd Ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, p. 208.

Such prideful people think (know) that they know the answers without even checking to verify them. They will proclaim "I am" followed by assertions or oaths of their self-exalted position.

Proverbs 25:2 It is the glory of God to conceal a thing: but the honour of kings is to search out a matter. [kjv]

Proverbs 25:2

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KJV: It is the glory of God to conceal a thing: but the honour of kings is to search out a matter.

Hebrew: כבד אלהים הסתר דבר וכבד מלכים חקר דבר׃

Greek: δοξα θεου κρυπτει λογον δοξα δε βασιλεως τιμα πραγματα

Ignatius, in his letter to the Ephesians (part 16), warns not to be misled by bad (or evil) teachers (underlining added).

The Greek for "unquenchable" is that of "quick lime" and was later mistranslated by Pliny into Latin as "asbestos".

English: ... Such a person, having polluted himself, will go to the unquenchable fire, as will also the one who listens to him.

Greek: ... ὁ τοιοῦτος ῥυπαρὸς γενόμενος, εἰς τὸ πῦρ τὸ ἄσβεστον χωρήσει, ὁμοίως καὶ ὁ ἀκούων αὐτου.

Holmes, M. (2007). The Apostolic Fathers. 3rd Ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, p. 197.

More: Unquenchable fire

An "antidote" is what one takes "in place of" the "dose" or what is given as poison.

More: The prefix anti in place of against

The "antidote" for sin in general is mentioned by Ignatius in his letter to the Ephesians (part 20.2)

English: ... breaking one bread, which is the medicine of immortality, the antidote we take in order not to die but to live forever in Jesus Christ.

Greek: … ἕνα ἄρτον κλῶντες, ὅς ἐστιν φάρμακον ἀθανασιας, ἀντίδοτος τοῦ μὴ ἀποθανεῖν, ἀλλὰ ζῆν ἐν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ διὰ παντός. Ignatius to the Ephesians [20]

Holmes, M. (2007). The Apostolic Fathers. 3rd Ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, p. 199.

The English word "deleterious" comes through Latin from the ancient Greek word "δηλητήριος" ≈ "harmful, damaging" which comes from the ancient Greek word "δηλέομαι " ≈ "I hurt".

The modern Greek word "δηλητήριος" (thee-lee-TEE-ree-os) ≈ "poison".

These words do not appear in the LXX (Septuagint) or GNT (Greek New Testament).

More: Drugs in ancient and modern times

Colossians 2:14 Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross; [kjv]

εξαλειψας το καθ ημων χειρογραφον τοις δογμασιν ο ην υπεναντιον ημιν και αυτο ηρκεν εκ του μεσου προσηλωσας αυτο τω σταυρω [gnt]

delens … [v]

The ancient Greek word for "poison" may be related to the Latin word "deleo" ≈ "destroy, finish" which is the source of the English word "delete" and used in the Latin Vulgate by Paul as "blotting out".

More: Drugs in ancient and modern times

Colossians 2:14

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KJV: Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross;

Greek: εξαλειψας το καθ ημων χειρογραφον τοις δογμασιν ο ην υπεναντιον ημιν και αυτο ηρκεν εκ του μεσου προσηλωσας αυτο τω σταυρω

Latin: delens quod adversum nos erat chirografum decretis quod erat contrarium nobis et ipsum tulit de medio adfigens illud cruci

Wycliffe: foryyuynge to you alle giltis, doynge awei that writing of decre that was ayens vs, that was contrarie to vs; and he took awei that fro the myddil, pitchinge it on the cros;

Geneva: And putting out the hand writing of ordinances that was against vs, which was contrarie to vs, hee euen tooke it out of the way, and fastened it vpon the crosse,

Gothic: afswairbands thos ana uns wadjabokos raginam seinaim, thatei was andaneitho uns, jah thata usnam us midumai ganagljands ita du galgin,

Luther: und ausgetilget die Handschrift, so wider uns war, welche durch Satzungen entstund und uns entgegen war, und hat sie aus dem Mittel getan und an das Kreuz geheftet.

Spanish: rayendo el manuscrito de las ordenanzas que había contra nosotros, que nos era contrario, quitándolo de en medio y clavándolo en la cruz;

Portuguese: anulou o documento que, com os seus decretos, era contra nós; aboliu-o inteiramente, e cravou-o na cruz.