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Russian and Greek roots of the term Gulag Archipelago
1. Matthew 18:6
KJV: But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea.
Greek: ος δ αν σκανδαλιση ενα των μικρων τουτων των πιστευοντων εις εμε συμφερει αυτω ινα κρεμασθη μυλος ονικος επι περι τον τραχηλον αυτου και καταποντισθη εν τω πελαγει της θαλασσης
Latin: qui autem scandalizaverit unum de pusillis istis qui in me credunt expedit ei ut suspendatur mola asinaria in collo eius et demergatur in profundum maris
2. John 15:14
KJV: Ye are my friends, if ye do whatsoever I command you.
Greek: υμεις φιλοι μου εστε εαν ποιητε οσα ο εγω εντελλομαι υμιν
3. Russian and Greek roots of the term Gulag Archipelago
The phrase Gulag Archipelago is part from the Russian and part from Italian from Greek.
The word Gulag is an acronym for a longer Russian word.
The word Archipelago an Italian word from a Latin word created from two Greek words.
The name comes from the forced prison/labor camps of Stalin and the USSR - the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The name became popularized by the three volume (non-fiction) book of the same name by dissident Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn who survived the ordeal.
4. English word
5. Italian word
The Italian word "
Archipelago" originally referred to the Aegean Sea, with many islands, but was generalized to any sea with many islands. Eventually, the meaning changed from the sea with islands to the inlands themselves, in a sea.
6. Island hopping strategy
During World War II,
Douglas MacArthur (American military leader) and the U.S. Navy used a strategy called "
island hopping" (or "
leapfrogging") in the Pacific theater of action. This strategy involved taking only certain islands and leaving others to hang around, without supplies, until the end of the war.
[code talkers, atom bomb]
7. Matthew 18:6 Sea of the sea
Matthew 18:6 But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea. [kjv]
ος δ αν σκανδαλιση ενα των μικρων τουτων των πιστευοντων εις εμε συμφερει αυτω ινα κρεμασθη μυλος ονικος περι τον τραχηλον αυτου και καταποντισθη εν τω πελαγει της θαλασσης [gnt]
The Greek translated
"offend" is that of
"entrapping" or
"misleading". Jesus uses "
little ones" as "
believers" of
any age. The ancient Greek word
"πέλαγος" ≈ "sea". The root word appears twice in the
GNT (Greek New Testament).
Jesus uses
counter-factual logic, a distinctly human trait. Some pastors would tell you not to regret or second guess yourself. Jesus often uses this logic as a warning, a warning that is often ignored or not mentioned by some pastors.
8. Deceiving friends
Matthew 18:6 But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea. [kjv]
ος δ αν σκανδαλιση ενα των μικρων τουτων των πιστευοντων εις εμε συμφερει αυτω ινα κρεμασθη μυλος ονικος περι τον τραχηλον αυτου και καταποντισθη εν τω πελαγει της θαλασσης [gnt]
John 15:14 Ye are my friends, if ye do whatsoever I command you. [kjv]
υμεις φιλοι μου εστε εαν ποιητε ο εγω εντελλομαι υμιν [gnt]
Discuss:
Is God your friend forever? Should you teach this to children?
The ancient Greek word
"μικρός" ≈ "small" and the source of the English word
"micro" is used for "
believers" of
any age. In Luke 19, Zacchaeus is described as
"small" and
not "
short"
9. Matthew 18:6 Sea of the sea
Matthew 18:6 But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea. [kjv]
ος δ αν σκανδαλιση ενα των μικρων τουτων των πιστευοντων εις εμε συμφερει αυτω ινα κρεμασθη μυλος ονικος περι τον τραχηλον αυτου και καταποντισθη εν τω πελαγει της θαλασσης [gnt]
There appears to be no definition of the Greek word as "
depths". Unless this is an idiom, the "
in the depths of the sea" might be better said as "
in the sea of the sea" where the repetition is for emphasis. Mark 9:42 and Luke 17:2 just say "
into the sea".
The modern Greek word
"πέλαγος" (PEH-la-gos) ≈ "sea".
10. Strongs
- *G3989 *2 πέλαγος (pel'-ag-os) : of uncertain affinity; deep or open sea, i.e. the main:--depth, sea.
- πελαγει
- Matthew 18:6 ... and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea.
- πελαγος
- Acts 27:5 And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and ...
11. Acts 27:5
Acts 27:5 And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia. [kjv]
το τε πελαγος το κατα την κιλικιαν και παμφυλιαν διαπλευσαντες κατηλθαμεν κατηλθομεν εις μυρρα της λυκιας [gnt]
The Greek city of Pamphylia has an interesting meaning and apparent connection to the English word "
pamphlet".
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Details are left as a future topic.
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12. Acts 27:5
KJV: And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia.
Greek: το τε πελαγος το κατα την κιλικιαν και παμφυλιαν διαπλευσαντες κατηλθαμεν κατηλθομεν εις μυρα μυρρα της λυκιας
Latin: et pelagus Ciliciae et Pamphiliae navigantes venimus Lystram quae est Lyciae
Wycliffe: And we seiliden in the see of Silicie and Pamfilie, and camen to Listris, that is Licie.
Tyndale: Then sayled we over the see of Cilicia and Pamphylia and came to Myra a cite in Lycia.
Luther: Und schiffeten auf dem Meer vor Zilizien und Pamphylien über und kamen gen Myra in Lyzien.
Russian: и, переплыв море против Киликии и Памфилии, прибыли в Миры Ликийские.
Spanish: Y habiendo pasado el mar de Cilicia y Panfilia, arribamos a Mira, ciudad de Licia.
13. Strongs
- *G2791 *8 Κιλικία (kil-ik-ee'-ah) : probably of foreign origin; Cilicia, a region of Asia Minor:--Cilicia.
- κιλικιας *5
- Acts 6:9 ... and of them of Cilicia and of Asia, disputing with Stephen.
- Acts 21:39 ... a man which am a Jew of Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, a citizen of no ...
- Acts 22:3 ... born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in ...
- Acts 23:34 ... when he understood that he was of Cilicia;
- Galatians 1:21 ... the regions of Syria and Cilicia;
- κιλικιαν *3
- Acts 15:23 ... and Syria and Cilicia:
- Acts 15:41 And he went through Syria and Cilicia, confirming the churches.
- Acts 27:5 And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came ...
14. Sack and sackcloth
One can have a "
sack lunch" and Santa has a "
sack of toys". The English word "
sack" is interesting in that it comes originally from Hebrew, primarily from the story of Joseph in Genesis, and has spread to many different languages. In Hebrew, "
sack" and "
sackcloth" are the same word.
The Latin word "
cilicio" for "
sackcloth" is interesting in that it is named for "
Cicilia", the area where Paul of Tarsus came from. This area is called dangerous by Paul and was the area where Caesar, as a young man, was kidnapped by Cicilian pirates about 100 years before.
15. Pelicans
Aside: A resident of Louisiana is sometimes called a "
pelican". Louisiana is known as the Pelican State, a symbol since colonial times.
The name of the pelican bird sounds like it might be related, but comes from the ancient Greek word
"πελεκάν" ≈ "pelican" which comes from the ancient Greek word
"πέλεκυς" ≈ "hatchet, ax".
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Details are left as a future topic.
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Such names that sound like they might be related are sometimes called "
false friends".
16. Gulags
17. Prisoners
The best way to keep a prisoner from escaping is to make sure he never knows he's in prison. Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881), author of
Crime and punishment.
Russian: Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский (1821-1881)
Analogy:
The best way to keep people separated from the love of Christ is to not let them know they have separated themselves from the love of Christ.
One way:
Convince the people that nothing can separate them from the love of Christ. Therefore, they do not need to worry about anything.
18. End of page
