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A top-down view of the woman caught in adultery
1. A top-down view of the woman caught in adultery
A top-down problem solving method goes from goal to starting point, usually general to specific. A bottom-up problem solving method goes from starting point to goal, usually specific to general.
Top-down problem solving is an important part of computer science. The apostle John appears to think as a computer scientist as he often writes in a top-down problem solving way.
The story of the woman caught in adultery is often covered separately. John provides a top-down line of reasoning that, if unraveled, provides insight into a bigger picture.
2. Stair analogy
A
stair analogy can be used to help understand
top-down design and
bottom-up implementation.
The goal is the top of the stairs.
The start is the bottom of the stairs.
Identifying the
goal is most important! You do not want to climb the wrong stairs to get to the wrong goal.
Implementation:
Do it: 1 to 2 to 3 to 4 to 5 (same either way)
Design: When it works,
top-down tends to be
better.
Think bottom-up: 1 then 2 then 3 then 4 then 5 (start forward to goal)
Think top-down: 5 if 4 if 3 if 2 if 1 (goal backward to start)
Gospels:
Bottom-up: Matthew, Mark, Luke (goal not clear, a lot of extra material)
Top-down: John (goal clear, no extra material)
3. Parts
There are several parts to chapter 8 in John. One should attempt to look at the entire chapter in context before extracting one part and expounding on that one part. Here are the relevant parts of John 8.
1-11: The women caught in adultery.
12: Jesus is the "light of the world".
13: Pharisees challenge Jesus.
14-20: Jesus and the Father as witnesses.
A typical sermon will pick one of these parts and relate it to other verses in the Bible (that the pastor likes) and
not relate that part to the other parts of the same context.
4. Text without context
"
A text without a context is a pretext for a proof text". Dr. Carson who attributes it to his father, a Canadian minister.
The "
proof text" refers to some text used to "
prove" some (personal) claim or belief.
This is often done by "
cherry picking" verses that support one's personal view which is a form of "
confirmation bias". Another name for this deception is that of "
selective evidence".
5. Adultery
6. Exodus 20:14
KJV: Thou shalt not commit adultery.
Hebrew: לא תנאף׃
Greek: ου μοιχευσεις
Latin: non moechaberis
Wycliffe: Thou schalt`do no letcherie.
Luther: Du sollst nicht ehebrechen.
Spanish: No cometerás adulterio.
Portuguese: Não cometerás adultério.
7. Adultery
8. Fornication and adultery
Matthew 5:32 But I say unto you, That whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery: and whosoever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery. [kjv]
εγω δε λεγω υμιν οτι πας ο απολυων την γυναικα αυτου παρεκτος λογου πορνειας ποιει αυτην μοιχευθηναι και και ος εαν απολελυμενην γαμηση μοιχαται [gnt]
The Greek word for "
fornication" is the origin of the English word
"pornography".
9. Matthew 5:32
KJV: But I say unto you, That whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery: and whosoever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery.
Greek: εγω δε λεγω υμιν οτι ος αν απολυση πας ο απολυων την γυναικα αυτου παρεκτος λογου πορνειας ποιει αυτην μοιχασθαι μοιχευθηναι και και ος εαν απολελυμενην γαμηση μοιχαται
Latin: ego autem dico vobis quia omnis qui dimiserit uxorem suam excepta fornicationis causa facit eam moechari et qui dimissam duxerit adulterat
10. Pornography
11. Adultery
It appears that the idea of "
adultery" as "
unfaithfulness" can apply to just more than marital unfaithfulness.
Matthew 12:39 But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas: [kjv]
ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις γενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα του προφητου [gnt]
This is part of the analogy made with Jesus as the "
groom" and the church as a gathering of believers as the "
bride".
12. Matthew 12:39
KJV: But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas:
Greek: ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις γενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα του προφητου
Latin: qui respondens ait illis generatio mala et adultera signum quaerit et signum non dabitur ei nisi signum Ionae prophetae
13. Sin
Matthew 15:19 For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies: [kjv]
εκ γαρ της καρδιας εξερχονται διαλογισμοι πονηροι φονοι μοιχειαι πορνειαι κλοπαι ψευδομαρτυριαι βλασφημιαι [gnt]
According to Jesus, sin starts in the
"heart" or "
brain" and not in the
"eye",
"hand", "
foot", etc. The Greek for "
thoughts" is that of "
logical calculation". The Greek for "
evil" is that of "
oppression" (of
others and/or
yourself).
The
"eye" is a
sensor that passes the visual signal along. Removing the eye is like "
shooting the messenger" who brought a message that is not desired.
14. Matthew 15:19
KJV: For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies:
Greek: εκ γαρ της καρδιας εξερχονται διαλογισμοι πονηροι φονοι μοιχειαι πορνειαι κλοπαι ψευδομαρτυριαι βλασφημιαι
Latin: de corde enim exeunt cogitationes malae homicidia adulteria fornicationes furta falsa testimonia blasphemiae
15. Strongs - adultery
- *H5003 נָאַף (naw-af') : a primitive root; to commit adultery; figuratively, to apostatize:--adulterer(-ess), commit(-ing) adultery, woman that breaketh wedlock.
Strongs states that the Hebrew word refers to a "
woman that breaks wedlock".
Using this definition, can the man commit adultery?
If there is any doubt, Jesus clarifies this in Matthew 5:27-28.
16. Jesus
Jesus refers to adultery in Matthew as part of the "
Sermon on the Mount".
Matthew 5:27 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery: [kjv]
ηκουσατε οτι ερρεθη ου μοιχευσεις [gnt]
5:28 But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart. [kjv]
εγω δε λεγω υμιν οτι πας ο βλεπων γυναικα προς το επιθυμησαι αυτην ηδη εμοιχευσεν αυτην εν τη καρδια αυτου [gnt]
Sin starts in the heart or brain, not in the "
eye" which is a sensor that passes along the visual signal to the brain.
17. Matthew 5:27
KJV: Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery:
Greek: ηκουσατε οτι ερρεθη τοις αρχαιοις ου μοιχευσεις
Latin: audistis quia dictum est antiquis non moechaberis
Wycliffe: Ye han herd that it was seid to elde men, Thou schalt`do no letcherie.
Tyndale: Ye haue hearde howe it was sayde to the of olde tyme: Thou shalt not comitt advoutrie.
Gothic: hausideduth thatei qithan ist: ni horinos.
18. Adulterate
The English word
"adulterate" comes from the Latin word
"adulteratus" ≈ "of mixed descent, corrupted" which could arise from an adulterous relationship but not necessarily. Committing adultery is one way to adulterate what happened.
An
adulterant is a substance or additive in something, such as food, that changes the substance - usual not for the better. An adulterant might be added to make the product cheaper. And adulterant might have the side-effect of causing issues that are not desired.
Chalk was often added to bread flour to make it cheaper to produce but had the side-effect of providing calcium.
19. Strongs - adultery
- *G3431 *16 μοιχεύω (moy-khyoo'-o) : from G3432; to commit adultery:--commit adultery.
- μοιχευσεις *3
- Matthew 5:27 ... it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery:
- Matthew 19:18 ... no murder, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not ...
- Romans 13:9 For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not ...
- μοιχευσης *3
- Mark 10:19 Thou knowest the commandments, Do not commit adultery, Do not ...
- Luke 18:20 Thou knowest the commandments, Do not commit adultery, Do not ...
- James 2:11 For he that said, Do not commit adultery, said also, ...
- μοιχευει *2
- Luke 16:18 ... marrieth another, committeth adultery: and whosoever marrieth her that is put away from her husband committeth adultery.
- μοιχευομενη *2
- John 8:4 ... this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act.
- John 8:53 Art thou greater than our father Abraham, ...
- μοιχευεις *2
- Romans 2:22 Thou that sayest a man should not commit adultery, dost thou commit adultery? thou that abhorrest idols, dost thou commit sacrilege?
- James 2:11 For he that said, Do not commit adultery, said also, ...
- εμοιχευσεν
- Matthew 5:28 ... to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in ...
- μοιχευθηναι
- Matthew 5:32 But I say unto you, That whosoever ...
- μοιχευειν
- Romans 2:22 Thou that sayest a man should not commit adultery, dost thou commit adultery? thou that abhorrest idols, dost thou commit sacrilege?
- μοιχευοντας
- Revelation 2:22 ... into a bed, and them that commit adultery with her into ...
20. Matthew 5:28
KJV: But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.
Greek: εγω δε λεγω υμιν οτι πας ο βλεπων γυναικα προς το επιθυμησαι αυτης αυτην ηδη εμοιχευσεν αυτην εν τη καρδια αυτου
21. Woman caught in the act
In John 8, a woman caught in the act of adultery is brought to Jesus. The idea is to trap Jesus.
John 8:3 And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in the midst, [kjv]
αγουσιν δε οι γραμματεις και οι φαρισαιοι γυναικα επι μοιχεια κατειλημμενην και στησαντες αυτην εν μεσω [gnt]
Note that same manuscripts do not have this story. Some manuscripts have it at the end. The top-down analysis is still applicable as the pieces fit together in that way.
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Details are left as a future topic.
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22. John 8:3
KJV: And the scribes and Pharisees brought unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in the midst,
Greek: αγουσιν δε οι γραμματεις και οι φαρισαιοι προς αυτον γυναικα εν επι μοιχεια κατειλημμενην και στησαντες αυτην εν μεσω
Latin: adducunt autem scribae et Pharisaei mulierem in adulterio deprehensam et statuerunt eam in medio
23. In the act
The woman was caught in the act.
John 8:4 They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act. [kjv]
λεγουσιν αυτω διδασκαλε αυτη η γυνη επαυτοφωρω κατειληπται επ αυτοφωρω μοιχευομενη [gnt]
It takes two to commit adultery. Where was the man?
There were at least two witnesses against the woman. How many witnesses might have known the man?
24. John 8:4
KJV: They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in adultery, in the very act.
Greek: λεγουσιν αυτω διδασκαλε αυτη η γυνη κατειληφθη επαυτοφωρω κατειληπται επ αυτοφωρω μοιχευομενη
25. Moses
The Law of Moses was clear.
John 8:5 Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou? [kjv]
εν δε τω νομω ημιν μωυσης ενετειλατο τας τοιαυτας λιθαζειν συ ουν τι λεγεις [gnt]
Interestingly, in the resurrection, rather than "
stoning" someone, Jesus through the angels removes the "
stone".
26. John 8:5
KJV: Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be stoned: but what sayest thou?
Greek: εν δε τω νομω μωσης ημιν μωυσης ενετειλατο τας τοιαυτας λιθοβολεισθαι λιθαζειν συ ουν τι λεγεις
27. Trap
John states that this was a trap set for Jesus.
John 8:6 This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not. [kjv]
τουτο τουτο δε ελεγον πειραζοντες αυτον ινα εχωσιν κατηγορειν αυτου ο δε ιησους κατω κυψας τω δακτυλω κατεγραφεν εις την γην [gnt]
The Greek word for "
tempt" is related to the Greek and English word for "
pirate".
28. John 8:6
KJV: This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not.
Greek: τουτο τουτο δε ελεγον πειραζοντες αυτον ινα εχωσιν κατηγορειν αυτου ο δε ιησους κατω κυψας τω δακτυλω εγραφεν κατεγραφεν εις την γην
29. Without sin
Jesus then makes a statement.
John 8:7 So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her. [kjv]
ως δε επεμενον ερωτωντες αυτον αυτον ανεκυψεν και ειπεν αυτοις ο αναμαρτητος υμων πρωτος επ αυτην βαλετω λιθον [gnt]
The casting of stones, as in a capital punishment, should only be done by a recognized civil authority and not by a collection of individuals. That is often called "
mob justice" as in a "
lynching".
A common saying is "
those who live in glass houses should not throw stones".
30. John 8:7
KJV: So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her.
Greek: ως δε επεμενον ερωτωντες αυτον ανακυψας αυτον ανεκυψεν και ειπεν προς αυτους αυτοις ο αναμαρτητος υμων πρωτος τον λιθον επ αυτη αυτην βαλετω λιθον
31. Ground
Jesus then wrote on the ground. Jesus knows how to write. Was it in Greek, Aramaic, etc.?
John 8:8 And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. [kjv]
και παλιν κατακυψας εγραφεν εις την γην [gnt]
Interestingly, Adam was created out of the ground. That is, dust.
What was Jesus writing?
32. John 8:8
KJV: And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground.
Greek: και παλιν κατω κυψας κατακυψας εγραφεν εις την γην
33. Writing
Some people think that Jesus was writing sins on the ground, perhaps looking at individuals. Convicted by that, they left, one by one.
John 8:9 And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst. [kjv]
οι δε ακουσαντες εξηρχοντο εις καθ εις αρξαμενοι απο των πρεσβυτερων και κατελειφθη μονος και η γυνη εν μεσω ουσα [gnt]
34. John 8:9
KJV: And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst.
Greek: οι δε ακουσαντες και υπο της συνειδησεως ελεγχομενοι εξηρχοντο εις καθ εις αρξαμενοι απο των πρεσβυτερων εως των εσχατων και κατελειφθη μονος ο ιησους και η γυνη εν μεσω εστωσα ουσα
35. Accusers
After the accusers have left Jesus and the woman are alone.
According to Jewish law, two witnesses are needed.
As a man, Jesus was not an eye witness. God sees everything.
If Jesus were to "condemn" the woman, he would be in violation of the Jewish law. Or would he?
36. John 8:10
John 8:10 When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee? [kjv]
ανακυψας δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτη γυναι που εισιν ουδεις σε κατεκρινεν [gnt]
37. John 8:10
KJV: When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee?
Greek: ανακυψας δε ο ιησους και μηδενα θεασαμενος πλην της γυναικος ειπεν ειπεν αυτη η γυνη γυναι που εισιν εκεινοι οι κατηγοροι σου ουδεις σε κατεκρινεν
38. John 8:6-11 Fingers
John 8:6 This they said, tempting him, that they might have to accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with his finger wrote on the ground, as though he heard them not. [kjv]
8:7 So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself, and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her. [kjv]
8:8 And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. [kjv]
8:9 And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, beginning at the eldest, even unto the last: and Jesus was left alone, and the woman standing in the midst. [kjv]
8:10 When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers? hath no man condemned thee? [kjv]
8:11 She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more. [kjv]
Jesus lifted or used his
"fingers" or
"finger" to help someone. Note that
two witnesses are needed to condemn someone. Did Jesus condemn anyone in his first coming?
39. Conclusion
At the end of this episode, Jesus side-steps the entire issue by declining to "
condemn" the woman.
John 8:11 She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more. [kjv]
η δε ειπεν ουδεις κυριε ειπεν δε ο ιησους ουδε εγω σε κατακρινω πορευου απο του νυν μηκετι αμαρτανε [gnt]
Some pastors will state that Jesus forgave her.
40. Discuss
Discuss: Does a failure to condemn constitute forgiveness?
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Details are left as a future topic.
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Discuss: In a jury trial, does a failure to convict constitute innocence?
Discuss: Is the statement by Jesus for all time or just at this time?
41. John 8:11
KJV: She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her, Neither do I condemn thee: go, and sin no more.
Greek: η δε ειπεν ουδεις κυριε ειπεν δε αυτη ο ιησους ουδε εγω σε κατακρινω πορευου και απο του νυν μηκετι αμαρτανε αμαρτανε
Latin: quae dixit nemo Domine dixit autem Iesus nec ego te condemnabo vade et amplius iam noli peccare
Wessex: & hyo cwaeð na drihtan. & se haelend cwaeð ne ich þe ne for-deme. dö ga; aend ne synega þu naefre mä.
Wycliffe: Sche seide, No man, Lord. Jhesus seide`to hir, Nethir Y schal dampne thee; go thou, and now aftirward nyle thou synne more.
Luther: Sie aber sprach: Herr, niemand. Jesus aber sprach: So verdamme ich dich auch nicht; gehe hin und sündige hinfort nicht mehr!
42. Light of the world
The previous part in John 8 was about the woman caught in adultery. The next part in John 8 is the reaction to Jesus stating that he is the "
light of the world".
John 8:12 Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life. [kjv]
The contrast is between light and darkness. Shades of gray can appear different depending on context.
43. John 8:12
KJV: Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.
Greek: παλιν ουν ο ιησους αυτοις ελαλησεν ο ο ιησους λεγων εγω ειμι το φως του κοσμου ο ακολουθων εμοι μοι ου μη περιπατησει περιπατηση εν τη σκοτια αλλ εξει το φως της ζωης
44. Darkness and light
In the physics of this world, darkness is the absence of light. The eye (and brain) see this as "
black".
Combining all components of light results in the eye (and brain) seeing "
white".
Darkness or "black" is "nothing" (no color).
Light or "white" is "everything" (all colors).
45. Association
In the Bible, "
darkness" is associated with "
evil" and light with "
good".
John 3:19 And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. [kjv]
46. John 3:19
KJV: And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil.
Greek: αυτη δε εστιν η κρισις οτι το φως εληλυθεν εις τον κοσμον και ηγαπησαν οι ανθρωποι μαλλον το σκοτος η το φως ην γαρ πονηρα αυτων πονηρα τα εργα
47. Sins
Although "
evil" is associated with "
darkness" or "
black", "
sins" are associated with "
scarlet" or "
red".
Isaiah 1:18 Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD: though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool. [kjv]
These "
sins" can be made "
white" as "
snow" or "
wool".
48. Isaiah 1:18
KJV: Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD: though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool.
Hebrew: לכו נא ונוכחה יאמר יהוה אם יהיו חטאיכם כשנים כשלג ילבינו אם יאדימו כתולע כצמר יהיו׃
Greek: και δευτε και διελεγχθωμεν λεγει κυριος και εαν ωσιν αι αμαρτιαι υμων ως φοινικουν ως χιονα λευκανω εαν δε ωσιν ως κοκκινον ως εριον λευκανω
Brenton: And come, let us reason together, says the Lord: and though your sins be as purple, I will make them white as snow; and though they be as scarlet, I will make them white as wool.
49. Self-affirmation
The Pharisees do not like that Jesus is self-affirming himself.
John 8:13 The Pharisees therefore said unto him, Thou bearest record of thyself; thy record is not true. [kjv]
That is, a
reflexive (as in referring to oneself) record or "
witness".
50. John 8:13
KJV: The Pharisees therefore said unto him, Thou bearest record of thyself; thy record is not true.
Greek: ειπον ουν αυτω οι φαρισαιοι συ περι σεαυτου μαρτυρεις η μαρτυρια σου ουκ εστιν αληθης
51. Coming and going
Jesus knows about himself. The Pharisees do not know the true nature (reality) of Jesus.
John 8:14 Jesus answered and said unto them, Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came, and whither I go; but ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I go. [kjv]
The
KJV (King James Version) uses "
record". The Greek word is that of "
witness". A "
sin" is something that is "
not a witness" for God.
52. John 8:14
KJV: Jesus answered and said unto them, Though I bear record of myself, yet my record is true: for I know whence I came, and whither I go; but ye cannot tell whence I come, and whither I go.
Greek: απεκριθη ιησους και ειπεν αυτοις καν εγω μαρτυρω περι εμαυτου αληθης εστιν η μαρτυρια μου οτι οιδα ποθεν ηλθον και που υπαγω υμεις δε ουκ οιδατε ποθεν ερχομαι και η που υπαγω
53. Judge
The Pharisees judge, such as condemning someone to be stoned.
John 8:15 Ye judge after the flesh; I judge no man. [kjv]
The Greek for "
judge" here is to "
separate". The Pharisees "
judge" or "
separate" by appearance.
Jesus judges no man. From the example of the woman caught in adultery, and in top-down style, the "
man" here appears to include "
woman". And, in the Greek, it does not appear to specify.
54. John 8:15
KJV: Ye judge after the flesh; I judge no man.
Greek: υμεις κατα την σαρκα κρινετε εγω ου κρινω ουδενα
55. Coming judgment
Jesus did not come to judge (separate) in his first coming.
John 8:16 And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me. [kjv]
But if Jesus were to judge or separate in his second coming, that judgment would be true.
56. John 8:16
KJV: And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me.
Greek: και εαν κρινω δε εγω η κρισις η εμη αληθης αληθινη εστιν οτι μονος ουκ ειμι αλλ εγω και ο πεμψας με πατηρ
57. Testimony
The testimony of two men is true.
John 8:17 It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true. [kjv]
What if they are not telling the truth?
Daniel used one of the first recoded examples cross-examination in the case of Susanna where two witnesses were not truthful.
58. Daniel: Susanna in Babylon
One of the first documented cases of cross examinations of separated witnesses in a legal setting is that of Daniel at the trial of Susanna - which is part of the Apocrypha as Daniel chapter 13. It is part of the
LXX (Septuagint) and called the ancient Greek word
"Σωσαννα" ≈ "Susanna" .
The book of "
Susanna" is sometimes called "
Susanna and the Elders".
In the story, Daniel is called in and says that he is "
innocent of this blood". Matthew uses this similar saying to describe what Pilate says of the blood of Jesus.
Matthew 27:24 When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that rather a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, I am innocent of the blood of this just person: see ye to it. [kjv]
ιδων δε ο πιλατος οτι ουδεν ωφελει αλλα μαλλον θορυβος γινεται λαβων υδωρ απενιψατο τας χειρας κατεναντι του οχλου λεγων αθωος ειμι απο του αιματος τουτου υμεις οψεσθε [gnt]
59. John 8:17
KJV: It is also written in your law, that the testimony of two men is true.
Greek: και εν τω νομω δε τω υμετερω γεγραπται οτι δυο ανθρωπων η μαρτυρια αληθης εστιν
60. Two-way witness
Jesus refers to two witnesses.
John 8:18 I am one that bear witness of myself, and the Father that sent me beareth witness of me. [kjv]
Jesus can call himself and the Father as witnesses. If they know what the woman caught in adultery did, they could be two witnesses.
Discuss: Can the Father be one witness? If Jesus is the second witness, needed for condemnation, could Jesus withhold that witness to avoid a condemnation?
61. John 8:18
KJV: I am one that bear witness of myself, and the Father that sent me beareth witness of me.
Greek: εγω ειμι ο μαρτυρων περι εμαυτου και μαρτυρει περι εμου ο πεμψας με πατηρ
62. Father
The Pharisees considered Jesus to be of illegitimate birth. Jesus knows the true Father.
John 8:19 Then said they unto him, Where is thy Father? Jesus answered, Ye neither know me, nor my Father: if ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also. [kjv]
63. John 8:19
KJV: Then said they unto him, Where is thy Father? Jesus answered, Ye neither know me, nor my Father: if ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also.
Greek: ελεγον ουν αυτω που εστιν ο πατηρ σου απεκριθη ο ιησους ουτε εμε οιδατε ουτε τον πατερα μου ει εμε ηδειτε και τον πατερα μου ηδειτε αν ηδειτε
64. Hour
John 8:20 These words spake Jesus in the treasury, as he taught in the temple: and no man laid hands on him; for his hour was not yet come. [kjv]
The "
hour" of Jesus had not yet come.
The Greek word for "
treasury" here is not the word for "
treasure" but is a specific term that referred to the collection boxes of the temple.
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Details are left as a future topic.
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65. John 8:20
KJV: These words spake Jesus in the treasury, as he taught in the temple: and no man laid hands on him; for his hour was not yet come.
Greek: ταυτα τα ρηματα ελαλησεν ο ιησους εν τω γαζοφυλακιω διδασκων εν τω ιερω και ουδεις επιασεν αυτον οτι ουπω εληλυθει η ωρα αυτου
66. Strongs - treasury
- *G1049 *4 γαζοφυλάκιον (gad-zof-oo-lak'-ee-on) : from G1047 and G5438; a treasure-house, i.e. a court in the temple for the collection-boxes:--treasury.
- γαζοφυλακιον *3
- Mark 12:41 ... sat over against the treasury, and beheld how the people cast money into the treasury: and many ...
- Mark 12:43 ... they which have cast into the treasury:
- Luke 21:1 ... their gifts into the treasury.
- γαζοφυλακιου
- Mark 12:41 ... sat over against the treasury, and beheld how the people cast money into the treasury: and many ...
- γαζοφυλακιω
- John 8:53 Art thou greater than our father Abraham, ...
67. Top down
The top-down line of reasoning goes as follows.
Goal 5: a person (such as the woman) is not condemned if there are not two witnesses
if 4: Jesus bears a true record
if 3: Jesus has a true judgment from himself and God
if 2: if Jesus and God constitute two true witnesses
if 1: Jesus declines (instead of accepts) to be the second witness.
Here, Jesus declined to be the second witness. In the case of behavior such as done by the Pharisees, Jesus could be the second witness. An important part here is the role of the accusers (e.g., Satan is the main accuser).
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Details are left as a future topic.
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68. Continuation
After this, Jesus and the Pharisees have an interesting exchange that is not immediately relevant to the current discussion.
(mostly verses, discussion needs more work)
Some of this may be relevant to the above discussion but is delayed for now.
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Details are left as a future topic.
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69. End of page
The commandment to not commit adultery is part of the Ten Commandments.
Exodus 20:14 Thou shalt not commit adultery. [kjv]
ου μοιχευσεις [lxx]
