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The word glory in Latin and Greek
1. The word glory in Latin and Greek
Here are some consolidated notes on the word Glory in Latin and Greek.
2. Greek glory in names
3. Hercules
4. Modern Greek
5. Hercules choosing virtue over evil
The theme of Hercules making a decision between Kakia (vice, worthlessness) and Arete (virtue) was a common artistic theme in the Middle Ages (and at other times).
The idea of Kakia (vice) moved to that of "
evil" and than of Arete (virtue) to that of "
good".
Greek philosophy sometimes twisted the idea of "
virtue" in ways that today seem somewhat strange.
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Details are left as a future topic.
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6. Heraclitus of Ephesus
Heraclitus of Ephesus (Ancient Greek philosopher) was an ancient Greek philosopher from Ephesus which was then part of the Persian Empire.
The ancient Greek name
"Ἡράκλειτος" ≈ "Heraclitus" means the "
glory of Hera".
He was known as the "
dark philosopher" as his writings were hard to understand.
7. Change
There is a saying that "
the only constant is change".
This is often attributed to
Heraclitus of Ephesus (Ancient Greek philosopher) (from Plato) as "
everything changes and nothing remains stil,2l; and you cannot step twice into the same stream."Saying:
No man ever steps in the same river twice, for it's not the same river and he's not the same man.
When, exactly, are two things "
equal"?
Example paradox: ship of Theseus
What about digital copies? What about military units and soldiers, naval ships and crews, sports teams and players, etc.?
8. Cleopas
This Greek word for "
glory" as in "
fame" could be the basis of a person's name, as in "
Cleopas" who appears on the Road to Emmeus after the resurrection of Jesus.
Luke 24:18 And the one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answering said unto him, Art thou only a stranger in Jerusalem, and hast not known the things which are come to pass there in these days? [kjv]
9. Strongs
- *G2810 *1 Κλεόπας (kleh-op'-as) : probably contracted from Kleopatros (compound of G2811 κλέος and G3962); Cleopas, a Christian:--Cleopas.
- κλεοπας
- Luke 24:18 And the one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answering said unto ...
- *G2811 *1 κλέος (kleh'-os) : from a shorter form of G2564; renown (as if being called):--glory.
- κλεος
- 1 Peter 2:20 For what glory is it, if, when ye be buffeted ...
10. Luke 24:18
KJV: And the one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answering said unto him, Art thou only a stranger in Jerusalem, and hast not known the things which are come to pass there in these days?
Greek: αποκριθεις δε ο εις ω ονομα ονοματι κλεοπας ειπεν προς αυτον συ μονος παροικεις εν ιερουσαλημ και ουκ εγνως τα γενομενα εν αυτη εν ταις ημεραις ταυταις
Latin: et respondens unus cui nomen Cleopas dixit ei tu solus peregrinus es in Hierusalem et non cognovisti quae facta sunt in illa his diebus
Wycliffe: And oon, whos name was Cleofas, answerde, and seide, Thou thi silf art a pilgrym in Jerusalem, and hast thou not knowun, what thingis ben don in it in these daies?
Luther: Da antwortete einer mit Namen Kleophas und sprach zu ihm: Bist du allein unter den Fremdlingen zu Jerusalem, der nicht wisse, was in diesen Tagen drinnen geschehen ist?
11. Glory of the father
12. Glory of the father
You might be more familiar with the Greek name in the feminine form
"κλεοπάτρα" (kleh-o-PA-tra) ≈ "Cleopatra" which is a generic name meaning "
Glory of the father".
There were many women named "
Cleopatra" in Egypt - which was ruled by the Greek Ptolemy family since the 4th century B.C. after Alexander the Great conquered Egypt (and many other regions).
13. The Latin word for glory
14. Morning glory
A "
morning glory" is a flower, with trumpet-like blooms, that opens in the morning and then closes as the sun rises and it gets warmer.
Gabriel's horn or trumpet is a geometric figure that is a paradox because it has infinite surface area but finite volume.
The name comes from the angel Gabriel blowing the horn on "
doomsday" as in "
judgment day".
15. Gloria
16. Glory in excelsis Deo
17. Verse
Glory be to the Father
and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost,
as it was in the beginning,
is now and ever shall be,
world without end. Amen, amen.
18. Luke 19:38
KJV: Saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory in the highest.
Greek: λεγοντες ευλογημενος ο ερχομενος ο βασιλευς εν ονοματι κυριου ειρηνη εν ουρανω ειρηνη και δοξα εν υψιστοις
Latin: dicentes benedictus qui venit rex in nomine Domini pax in caelo et gloria in excelsis
Wessex: & cwaeðen. Ge-bletsod syo se kyng þe com on drihtenes name. syb sy on heofene & wuldor on heahnysse.
Wycliffe: and seiden, Blessid be the king, that cometh in the name of the Lord; pees in heuene, and glorie in hiye thingis.
Tyndale: sayinge: Blessed be the kynge that cometh in the name of the Lorde: peace in heave and glory in the hyest.
Gothic: qithandans: thiuthida sa qimanda thiudans in namin fraujins; gawairthi in himina jah wulthus in hauhistjam.
Luther: und sprachen: Gelobet sei, der da kommt, ein König, in dem Namen des Herrn! Friede sei im Himmel und Ehre in der Höhe!
19. English
20. Latin
This "
glory" is not the type of "
fame" that is part of the ancient Greek word for "
blasphemy".
21. Transfiguration
Peter describes the transfiguration of Jesus.
2 Peter 1:17 For he received from God the Father honour and glory, when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. [kjv]
The Greek word is «
δοξα» which is "
glory" in Latin but "
good opinion" from Greek.
The Greek word «
ευδοκησα» for "
well pleased" is from «
ευ-» meaning "
good" and «
δοξα» meaning "
opinion".
22. 2 Peter 1:17
KJV: For he received from God the Father honour and glory, when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.
Greek: λαβων γαρ παρα θεου πατρος τιμην και δοξαν φωνης ενεχθεισης αυτω τοιασδε υπο της μεγαλοπρεπους δοξης ουτος εστιν ο υιος μου ο αγαπητος μου ουτος εστιν εις ον εγω ευδοκησα
Latin: accipiens enim a Deo Patre honorem et gloriam voce delapsa ad eum huiuscemodi a magnifica gloria hic est Filius meus dilectus in quo mihi conplacui
Wycliffe: For he took of God the fadir onour and glorie, bi siche maner vois slidun doun to hym fro the greet glorie, This is my loued sone, in whom Y haue plesid to me; here ye hym.
Luther: da er empfing von GOtt dem Vater Ehre und Preis durch eine Stimme, die zu ihm geschah von der großen Herrlichkeit dermaßen: Dies ist mein lieber Sohn, an dem ich Wohlgefallen habe.
Spanish: Porque Él recibió de Dios Padre honor y gloria, cuando le fue enviada desde la magnífica gloria una gran voz que decía: Éste es mi Hijo amado, en el cual tengo contentamiento.
Portuguese: Com efeito, Ele foi honrado e glorificado por Deus Pai, quando a excelsa Glória lhe dirigiu esta voz: Este é o meu Filho, o meu muito Amado, em quem Eu pus o meu encanto.
23. Latin
2 Peter 1:17 accipiens enim a Deo Patre honorem et gloriam voce delapsa ad eum huiuscemodi a magnifica gloria hic est Filius meus dilectus in quo mihi conplacui [v]
The Latin word
"conplaceo" ≈ "please, take the fancy of" and is from two Latin words.
The Latin prefix "con" ≈ "with" from the Latin preposition "cum" ≈ "with".
The Latin word "placo" ≈ "appease, placate" and is the source, through French, of the English word "please" and is related to English words such as "placebo", "placid", "plea", "complacent", "pleasure", etc.
24. Placebo
The English word
"placebo" comes from the Latin verb
"placebo" ≈ "I will please" from the Latin verb
"placeo" ≈ "please".
A
placebo is something that cannot be easily distinguished from the real thing and is used in a test to reduce bias from expectations. A placebo is sometimes called a sugar pill.
25. Strongs - well pleased
- *G2106 *21 εὐδοκέω (yoo-dok-eh'-o) : from G2095 and G1380; to think well of, i.e. approve (an act); specially, to approbate (a person or thing):--think good, (be well) please(-d), be the good (have, take) pleasure, be willing.
- ευδοκησα *5
- Matthew 3:17 ... Son, in whom I am well pleased.
- Matthew 17:5 ... Son, in whom I am well pleased; hear ye him.
- Mark 1:11 ... Son, in whom I am well pleased.
- Luke 3:22 ... Son; in thee I am well pleased.
- 2 Peter 1:17 ... in whom I am well pleased.
- ευδοκησεν *5
- Luke 12:32 ... flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom.
- 1 Corinthians 1:21 ... knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness ...
- 1 Corinthians 10:5 ... of them God was not well pleased: for they were overthrown ...
- Galatians 1:15 But when it pleased God, who separated ...
- Colossians 1:19 For it pleased the Father that in him should all ...
- ηυδοκησαν *2
- Romans 15:26 For it hath pleased them of Macedonia and Achaia to make ...
- Romans 15:27 It hath pleased them verily; and their debtors they are. ...
- ευδοκουμεν *2
- 2 Corinthians 5:8 We are confident, I say, and willing rather to be absent from ...
- 1 Thessalonians 2:8 So being affectionately desirous of you, we were willing to have imparted unto you, not ...
- ηυδοκησας *2
- Hebrews 10:6 ... sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure.
- Hebrews 10:8 ... thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein; which are offered by the law;
- ηυδοκησεν
- Matthew 12:18 ... whom my soul is well pleased: I will put my spirit ...
- ευδοκω
- 2 Corinthians 12:10 Therefore I take pleasure in infirmities, in reproaches, ...
- ευδοκησαμεν
- 1 Thessalonians 3:1 Wherefore when we could no longer forbear, we thought it good to be left at Athens alone;
- ευδοκησαντες
- 2 Thessalonians 2:12 ... not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.
- ευδοκει
- Hebrews 10:38 ... my soul shall have no pleasure in him.
26. Matthew 16:27
KJV: For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then he shall reward every man according to his works.
Greek: μελλει γαρ ο υιος του ανθρωπου ερχεσθαι εν τη δοξη του πατρος αυτου μετα των αγγελων αυτου και τοτε αποδωσει εκαστω κατα την πραξιν αυτου
Latin: Filius enim hominis venturus est in gloria Patris sui cum angelis suis et tunc reddet unicuique secundum opus eius
Wessex: witodlice mannes sunu ys to cumene on his faeder wuldre mid hys aenglen. & þanne agelt he aeig-hwilcan be his agenen mede.
Wycliffe: For mannes sone schal come in glorie of his fader, with his aungels, and thanne he schal yelde to ech man after his werkis.
Luther: Denn es wird je geschehen, daß des Menschen Sohn komme in der Herrlichkeit seines Vaters mit seinen Engeln; und alsdann wird er einem jeglichen vergelten nach seinen Werken.
Slavonic: Приити бо имать Сын Человеческий во славе Отца Своего со Ангелы Своими, и тогда воздаст комуждо по деянием его:
Russian: ибо приидет Сын Человеческий во славе Отца Своего с Ангелами Своими и тогда воздаст каждому по делам его.
Spanish: Porque el Hijo del Hombre vendrá en la gloria de su Padre con sus ángeles; y entonces pagará a cada uno conforme a sus obras.
Portuguese: Porque o Filho do Homem há-de vir na glória de seu Pai, com os seus anjos, e então retribuirá a cada um conforme o seu procedimento.
27. Greek word
28. Special knowledge
John 13:35 By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another. [kjv]
εν τουτω γνωσονται παντες οτι εμοι μαθηται εστε εαν αγαπην εχητε εν αλληλοις [gnt]
… cognoscent … dilectionem … [v]
The ancient Greek word
"γνῶσις" ≈ "inquiry, knowledge" and is related to the English word
"knowledge" where the "
gn" and "
kn" are linguistically related. By the end of the first century, this Greek word became associated with those who claimed a "
special knowledge" of Jesus, God, etc.
Greek: gno-sis
English: know
The Latin word
"dilectio" ≈ "love" and is the source of the Latin word
"delicatus" ≈ "alluring, charming" as in the English word
"delicacy".
To
"know" is not to be
"ignorant".
29. Redeemer
The ancient Greek word
"γνωριμος" ≈ "well-known, familiar" is the word used by the
LXX (Septuagint) for "
kinsman" as in "
kinsman redeemer". That is, someone who is "
well-known" and/or "
familiar".
Ruth 2:1 And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech; and his name was Boaz. [kjv]
3:2 And now is not Boaz of our kindred, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to night in the threshingfloor. [kjv]
30. Ruth 2:1
KJV: And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of wealth, of the family of Elimelech; and his name was Boaz.
Hebrew: ולנעמי מידע לאישה איש גבור חיל ממשפחת אלימלך ושמו בעז׃
Greek: και τη νωεμιν ανηρ γνωριμος τω ανδρι αυτης ο δε ανηρ δυνατος ισχυι εκ της συγγενειας αβιμελεχ και ονομα αυτω βοος
31. Ruth 3:2
KJV: And now is not Boaz of our kindred, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to night in the threshingfloor.
Hebrew: ועתה הלא בעז מדעתנו אשר היית את נערותיו הנה הוא זרה את גרן השערים הלילה׃
Greek: και νυν ουχι βοος γνωριμος ημων ου ης μετα των κορασιων αυτου ιδου αυτος λικμα τον αλωνα των κριθων ταυτη τη νυκτι
32. Proverbs
Proverbs has an interesting use of the Greek word for "
kinswoman" as in someone who is "
well-known" or "
familiar".
Proverbs 7:4 Say unto wisdom, Thou art my sister; and call understanding thy kinswoman: [kjv]
The Greek word for "
understanding" is that of being "
prudent".
The Latin word
"prudentiam" ≈ "prudent".
33. Proverbs 7:4
KJV: Say unto wisdom, Thou art my sister; and call understanding thy kinswoman:
Hebrew: אמר לחכמה אחתי את ומדע לבינה תקרא׃
Greek: ειπον την σοφιαν σην αδελφην ειναι την δε φρονησιν γνωριμον περιποιησαι σεαυτω
Latin: dic sapientiae soror mea es et prudentiam voca amicam tuam
Luther: Sprich zur Weisheit: Du bist meine Schwester, und nenne die Klugheit deine Freundin,
34. End of page
Luke 19:38 Saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory in the highest. [kjv]
… et gloria in excelsis [v]
