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1 Timothy 2:1-15 Style and content issues
1. 1 Timothy 2:1-15 Style and content issues
2. 1 Timothy
3. 1 Timothy 2:1-15 Style and content issues
There are many issues in 1 Timothy. These will be added as identified and/or needed, and then filled out with more detail.
The letter of 1 Timothy is attributed to Paul. There are scholars who doubt the Pauline authority of this letter.
Here, we look at style and content in 1 Timothy 2 for content that does not appear to fit the style of Paul. Many parts appear to have logical issue.
In letters that appear very much to have been written by Paul, there is an intricate structure and, when the Greek is properly translated, are difficult to find logical errors in what he says.
4. 1 Timothy 2:1
1 Timothy 2:1 I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men; [kjv]
παρακαλω ουν πρωτον παντων ποιεισθαι δεησεις προσευχας εντευξεις ευχαριστιας υπερ παντων ανθρωπων [gnt]
Is this really the most important and "
first" thing that should be done?
Are women included?
For what are we giving thanks? Are we giving thanks for men that are "
evil"?
5. 1 Timothy 2:1
KJV: I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men;
Greek: παρακαλω ουν πρωτον παντων ποιεισθαι δεησεις προσευχας εντευξεις ευχαριστιας υπερ παντων ανθρωπων
6. 1 Timothy 2:2
1 Timothy 2:2 For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty. [kjv]
υπερ βασιλεων και παντων των εν υπεροχη οντων ινα ηρεμον και ησυχιον βιον διαγωμεν εν παση ευσεβεια και σεμνοτητι [gnt]
Paul adds, in addition to "
all" "
men". Are not "
kings" included in "
all" "
men"? Are not "
all" in "
authority" included in "
all" "
men"?
Does Jesus want one to have a passive "
peaceful" "
life" in this world?
One can love God and God's rules without ever interacting (or with minimal interaction) with others. Is this what Jesus wants?
Love God (and God's rules).
Love neighbor as yourself.
7. 1 Timothy 2:2
KJV: For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty.
Greek: υπερ βασιλεων και παντων των εν υπεροχη οντων ινα ηρεμον και ησυχιον βιον διαγωμεν εν παση ευσεβεια και σεμνοτητι
8. 1 Timothy 2:3
1 Timothy 2:3 For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour; [kjv]
τουτο καλον και αποδεκτον ενωπιον του σωτηρος ημων θεου [gnt]
Is what Paul has just said in the previous verses what God really wants?
☐ Is God our "
savior"?
☐ Is Jesus our "
savior"?
☐ Are they the same or different? Explain.
9. 1 Timothy 2:3
KJV: For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour;
Greek: τουτο γαρ καλον και αποδεκτον ενωπιον του σωτηρος ημων θεου
10. 1 Timothy 2:4
1 Timothy 2:4 Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth. [kjv]
ος παντας ανθρωπους θελει σωθηναι και εις επιγνωσιν αληθειας ελθειν [gnt]
Does coming to a "
knowledge" of the "
truth", by itself, "
save"?
Is there any requirement to do the "
will" of the Father?
11. 1 Timothy 2:4
KJV: Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth.
Greek: ος παντας ανθρωπους θελει σωθηναι και εις επιγνωσιν αληθειας ελθειν
12. Matthew 7:21 Will of the Father
Matthew 7:21 Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven. [kjv]
ου πας ο λεγων μοι κυριε κυριε εισελευσεται εις την βασιλειαν των ουρανων αλλ ο ποιων το θελημα του πατρος μου του εν τοις ουρανοις [gnt]
13. Matthew 21:28-32 Will of the Father
Matthew 21:28 But what think ye? A certain man had two sons; and he came to the first, and said, Son, go work to day in my vineyard. [kjv]
21:29 He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went. [kjv]
21:30 And he came to the second, and said likewise. And he answered and said, I go, sir: and went not. [kjv]
21:31 Whether of them twain did the will of his father? They say unto him, The first. Jesus saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, That the publicans and the harlots go into the kingdom of God before you. [kjv]
21:32 For John came unto you in the way of righteousness, and ye believed him not: but the publicans and the harlots believed him: and ye, when ye had seen it, repented not afterward, that ye might believe him. [kjv]
Is it more important what you think, what you say, or what you do?
Is anyone going into the "Kingdom of God"? Who is not going in?
14. 1 Timothy 2:5
1 Timothy 2:5 For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus; [kjv]
εις γαρ θεος εις και μεσιτης θεου και ανθρωπων ανθρωπος χριστος ιησους [gnt]
☐ Is Christ a "
mediator"?
☐ Is Christ between God and man?
☐ Is Christ God?
Questions such as these will come up in the following centuries with some viewpoints being labeled heresies and others accepted.
15. 1 Timothy 2:5
KJV: For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus;
Greek: εις γαρ θεος εις και μεσιτης θεου και ανθρωπων ανθρωπος χριστος ιησους
16. 1 Timothy 2:6
1 Timothy 2:6 Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time. [kjv]
ο δους εαυτον αντιλυτρον υπερ παντων το μαρτυριον καιροις ιδιοις [gnt]
What is meant by "
testified" and in "
due" "
time"?
Is this already clear?
Will this be clear sometime in the future? Will we need someone with special knowledge let us know than that time has arrived?
17. 1 Timothy 2:6
KJV: Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time.
Greek: ο δους εαυτον αντιλυτρον υπερ παντων το μαρτυριον καιροις ιδιοις
18. 1 Timothy 2:7
1 Timothy 2:7 Where unto I am ordained a preacher, and an apostle, (I speak the truth in Christ, and lie not;) a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and verity. [kjv]
εις ο ετεθην εγω κηρυξ και αποστολος αληθειαν λεγω ου ψευδομαι διδασκαλος εθνων εν πιστει και αληθεια [gnt]
Why does one need to say that one is speaking the truth? Why not just speak the truth and each person listening decide.
In fallacy terms, Paul is making an appeal to authority.
When one claims that one is not lying, does it bring into question what one is saying?
19. 1 Timothy 2:7
KJV: Where unto I am ordained a preacher, and an apostle, (I speak the truth in Christ, and lie not;) a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and verity.
Greek: εις ο ετεθην εγω κηρυξ και αποστολος αληθειαν λεγω εν χριστω ου ψευδομαι διδασκαλος εθνων εν πιστει και αληθεια
20. 1 Timothy 2:8
1 Timothy 2:8 I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting. [kjv]
βουλομαι ουν προσευχεσθαι τους ανδρας εν παντι τοπω επαιροντας οσιους χειρας χωρις οργης και διαλογισμων [gnt]
Which is the most important to God?
What you think.
What you say.
What you do.
Can one do the work of Jesus without "
lifting" up "
holy" "
hands"? The Greek word translated as "
glory" is that of "
opinion". There is another Greek word for "
praise".
Giving "glory" to God is deferring one's opinion to God's opinion.
Does standing up and "lifting" "hand" give "glory" to God? Is it, rather, giving "praise" to God?
21. 1 Timothy 2:8
KJV: I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting.
Greek: βουλομαι ουν προσευχεσθαι τους ανδρας εν παντι τοπω επαιροντας οσιους χειρας χωρις οργης και διαλογισμου διαλογισμων
22. 1 Timothy 2:9
1 Timothy 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array; [kjv]
ωσαυτως γυναικας εν καταστολη κοσμιω μετα αιδους και σωφροσυνης κοσμειν εαυτας μη εν πλεγμασιν και χρυσιω η μαργαριταις η ιματισμω πολυτελει [gnt]
Here we have a list of very specific requirements. How is what is said here "
in like manner" to the previous verse?
In the previous verse, one should make a show to everyone of "
lifting" "
hands". Here, the appearance of woman is restricted. There is no such restriction for men. Why might this be?
Lydia was a seller of expensive purple. Would Lydia wear what she was selling as an example? Would this not be permitted by Paul?
23. 1 Timothy 2:9
KJV: In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array;
Greek: ωσαυτως και τας γυναικας εν καταστολη κοσμιω μετα αιδους και σωφροσυνης κοσμειν εαυτας μη εν πλεγμασιν η χρυσω και χρυσιω η μαργαριταις η ιματισμω πολυτελει
24. Acts 16:14
Acts 16:14 And a certain woman named Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, which worshipped God, heard us: whose heart the Lord opened, that she attended unto the things which were spoken of Paul. [kjv]
και τις γυνη ονοματι λυδια πορφυροπωλις πολεως θυατειρων σεβομενη τον θεον ηκουεν ης ο κυριος διηνοιξεν την καρδιαν προσεχειν τοις λαλουμενοις υπο παυλου [gnt]
Thyatira is one of the seven churches to which Jesus writes in Revelation.
The ancient Greek word
"πορφύρα" ≈ "purple".
Lydia, the seller of purple (i.e., cloth) is only mentioned in Acts 16:14. This was the expensive
"purple" cloth. Three hundred years later, only royalty were allow to wear this color.
At one time, there were (at least) two womens dress shops on Market Street in Elizabethtown. What were the names?
The Gladele Shop and the Grace Blough Shop.
25. Dress shops
26. 1 Timothy 2:10
1 Timothy 2:10 But (which becometh women professing godliness ) with good works. [kjv]
αλλ ο πρεπει γυναιξιν επαγγελλομεναις θεοσεβειαν δι εργων αγαθων [gnt]
Notice that "
women" can "
profess" or "
announce" "
godliness" with "
good" "
works".
27. 1 Timothy 2:10
KJV: But (which becometh women professing godliness ) with good works.
Greek: αλλ ο πρεπει γυναιξιν επαγγελλομεναις θεοσεβειαν δι εργων αγαθων
28. 1 Timothy 2:11-12
1 Timothy 2:11 Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection. [kjv]
γυνη εν ησυχια μανθανετω εν παση υποταγη [gnt]
How easy is it to "
learn" when one is in "
subjection"?
2:12 But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence. [kjv]
διδασκειν δε γυναικι ουκ επιτρεπω ουδε αυθεντειν ανδρος αλλ ειναι εν ησυχια [gnt]
Obviously Paul means that men can "
teach". Does it also mean that men can "
usurp authority" over other men?
29. 1 Timothy 2:11
KJV: Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection.
Greek: γυνη εν ησυχια μανθανετω εν παση υποταγη
30. 1 Timothy 2:12
KJV: But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence.
Greek: γυναικι δε διδασκειν δε γυναικι ουκ επιτρεπω ουδε αυθεντειν ανδρος αλλ ειναι εν ησυχια
31. 1 Timothy 2:13-14
1 Timothy 2:13 For Adam was first formed, then Eve. [kjv]
αδαμ γαρ πρωτος επλασθη ειτα ευα [gnt]
2:14 And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression. [kjv]
και αδαμ ουκ ηπατηθη η δε γυνη εξαπατηθεισα εν παραβασει γεγονεν [gnt]
Of what significance is it that "
Adam" was "
formed" "
first"? Is it of any significance to the argument being made?
Adam is a type of Christ. Is Christ deceived?
Eve is a type of the church. Has the church ever been deceived? Has the church ever deceived others (including themselves)?
Does the reasoning used here justify a man having dominion over a woman?
32. 1 Timothy 2:13
KJV: For Adam was first formed, then Eve.
Greek: αδαμ γαρ πρωτος επλασθη ειτα ευα
33. 1 Timothy 2:14
KJV: And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression.
Greek: και αδαμ ουκ ηπατηθη η δε γυνη απατηθεισα εξαπατηθεισα εν παραβασει γεγονεν
34. 1 Timothy 2:15
1 Timothy 2:15 Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety. [kjv]
σωθησεται δε δια της τεκνογονιας εαν μεινωσιν εν πιστει και αγαπη και αγιασμω μετα σωφροσυνης [gnt]
Is Paul saying that a woman who cannot, for whatever reason, have children cannot be saved?
Not only does a woman need to bear a child (perhaps more than one), that woman must also have the stated passive traits. Are these the only traits needed? Are any "
good" "
works" needed?
35. 1 Timothy 2:15
KJV: Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety.
Greek: σωθησεται δε δια της τεκνογονιας εαν μεινωσιν εν πιστει και αγαπη και αγιασμω μετα σωφροσυνης
36. End of chapter
37. End of page
