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Matthew 9:12 The healthy make a strong case for evil sick time
by RS  admin@creationpie.com : 1024 x 640


1. Matthew 9:12 The healthy make a strong case for evil sick time
Verse routeMatthew 9:12 But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them, They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick. [kjv]

Translation issueThe Latin Vulgate word "valentibus""strong" is used here and is the source of the Latin name "Valentine" meaning "strong". From Saint Valentine (there were two of them) comes the holiday known as Saint Valentine's Day.

Information sign More: A strong case for Valentine's Day

.

This verse is interesting in that some of the words had different meanings in the Greek.

2. Jesus
Remember that even though the verse can be taken in one way, Jesus often says things that apply in other ways. In particular, those ways often include ideas and actions of the religious establishment that are not in line with both loving God and loving neighbor.

Here is the complete verse in various language translations.

3. Matthew 9:12
   Matthew 9:12 
 All 
KJV: But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them, They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick.
Greek: ο δε ιησους ακουσας ειπεν αυτοις ου χρειαν εχουσιν οι ισχυοντες ιατρου αλλ αλλα οι κακως εχοντες
Latin: at Iesus audiens ait non est opus valentibus medico sed male habentibus
Wessex: & se haelend cweð þe þis ge-hyrde. Nis halen laeches nan þarf. ac seoken.
Wycliffe: And Jhesus herde, and seide, A leche is not nedeful to men that faren wel, but to men that ben yuel at ese.
Tyndale: When Iesus herde that he sayde vnto them: The whole neade not the phisicion but they that are sicke.
Luther: Da das Jesus hörete, sprach er zu ihnen: Die Starken bedürfen des Arztes nicht, sondern die Kranken.
Spanish: Y oyéndolo Jesús, les dijo: Los que están sanos no tienen necesidad de médico, sino los que están enfermos.

4. Holy and healthy
In Old English, "holy" and "healthy" and "whole" were similar words.

Information sign More: Happy Holidays and the Wassail
Information sign More: Wholesome and healthy sanctified saints

5. Explanation
Is there anyone not covered in the categories of "whole" and "sick"? Is anyone in both of the categories? If Jesus is the physician, then the following questions arise?

6. Go and learn
Jesus then adds more to help explain the previous verse.
Verse routeMatthew 9:13 But go ye and learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice: for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance. [kjv]


7. Matthew 9:13
   Matthew 9:13 
 All 
KJV: But go ye and learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice: for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.
Greek: πορευθεντες δε μαθετε τι εστιν ελεον ελεος θελω και ου θυσιαν ου γαρ ηλθον καλεσαι δικαιους αλλ αλλα αμαρτωλους εις μετανοιαν
Is anyone in both groups? Is anyone not in either of these groups?

8. Go and learn
He tells the disciples to "go", not just sit there and think, and "learn" what that means.

The clarification is then added as "I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance". One often wants to place oneself in the "righteous" category and others in the "sinners" category. Is that a misconception that we are to "go" and "learn"?

9. Teach and learn
Verse routeMatthew 28:19 Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: [kjv]

The word for "go" and the word for "learn" are used at the end of Matthew in what is called the "Great Commission", or mandate.

Information sign More: The mandate of Maundy Thursday

10. Matthew 9:13

   Matthew 9:13 
 All 
KJV: But go ye and learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice: for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.
Greek: πορευθεντες δε μαθετε τι εστιν ελεον ελεος θελω και ου θυσιαν ου γαρ ηλθον καλεσαι δικαιους αλλ αλλα αμαρτωλους εις μετανοιαν

11. Teach and learn
The Greek word for "teach" in Matthew 28:19 is a variation of the Greek word for "learn" used in Matthew 9:13.

Verse routeMatthew 9:13 But go ye and learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice: for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance. [kjv]
Verse routeπορευθεντες δε μαθετε τι εστιν ελεος θελω και ου θυσιαν ου γαρ ηλθον καλεσαι δικαιους αλλα αμαρτωλους [gnt]


12. Matthew 28:19

 All 
KJV: Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:
Greek: πορευθεντες ουν μαθητευσατε παντα τα εθνη βαπτιζοντες αυτους εις το ονομα του πατρος και του υιου και του αγιου πνευματος

13. German teaching and learning
Verse routeMatthew 5:2 And he opened his mouth, and taught them, saying, [kjv]
Verse routeκαι ανοιξας το στομα αυτου εδιδασκεν αυτους λεγων [gnt]
Verse routelaerde … [wes]
Verse routelehrete … [lu]

The Greek words "μαθητεύω""instruct, teach" and "μαθητής""learner, disciple" are similar.

This is the case of the German words "lernen""learn" and "lehren""teach". The Old English word "lehrete""teach". Germanic influence on English and Pennsylvania Dutch (German):

[English as a subject]


Information sign More: Teaching and learning and mathematics

14. Discussion
Discussion question: How might one "go" and "learn"?

15. Mark
Mark, widely recognized as being written from what Peter told Mark, uses the same words as Matthew.
Verse routeMark 2:17 When Jesus heard it, he saith unto them, They that are whole have no need of the physician, but they that are sick: I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance. [kjv]


16. Mark 2:17
   Mark 2:17 
 All 
KJV: When Jesus heard it, he saith unto them, They that are whole have no need of the physician, but they that are sick: I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.
Greek: και ακουσας ο ιησους λεγει αυτοις οτι ου χρειαν εχουσιν οι ισχυοντες ιατρου αλλ οι κακως εχοντες ουκ ηλθον καλεσαι δικαιους αλλα αμαρτωλους εις μετανοιαν
Wycliffe: Whanne this was herd, Jhesus seide to hem, Hoole men han no nede to a leche, but thei that ben yuel at eese; for Y cam not to clepe iust men, but synneris.
Tyndale: When Iesus hearde yt he sayde vnto them. The whole have no nede of the phisicio but the sicke. I came not to call the rightwise but the synners to repentaunce.
Luther: Da das Jesus hörete, sprach er zu ihnen: Die Starken bedürfen keines Arztes, sondern die Kranken. Ich bin kommen, zu rufen die Sünder zur Buße und nicht die Gerechten.

17. Luke
Luke, as often happens, provides a more literal text that does not reflect any double-meanings from what Jesus actually says.
Verse routeLuke 5:31 And Jesus answering said unto them, They that are whole need not a physician; but they that are sick. [kjv]

Luke changes the Greek word for "strong" (discussed below) to Greek word for "healthy" or "sound".

Might what Luke says have had an effect to back-translate Matthew and Mark to fit the more literal Luke - at the expense of losing any double meaning in Matthew and Mark?

18. Luke 5:31
   Luke 5:31 
 All 
KJV: And Jesus answering said unto them, They that are whole need not a physician; but they that are sick.
Greek: και αποκριθεις ο ιησους ειπεν προς αυτους ου χρειαν εχουσιν οι υγιαινοντες ιατρου αλλ αλλα οι κακως εχοντες
Latin: et respondens Iesus dixit ad illos non egent qui sani sunt medico sed qui male habent
Wycliffe: And Jhesus answeride, and seide to hem, Thei that ben hoole han no nede to a leche, but thei that ben sijke;
Tyndale: Iesus answered and sayde vnto the: They yt are whole nede not of ye phisicion: but they yt are sicke.
Gothic: jah andhafjands iesus qath du im: ni thaurbun hailai leikeis, ak thai unhailans.
Luther: Und Jesus antwortete und sprach zu ihnen: Die Gesunden bedürfen des Arztes nicht, sondern die Kranken.
Spanish: Respondiendo Jesús, les dijo: Los que están sanos no tienen necesidad de médico, sino los que están enfermos.

19. Healthy

20. Strongs - healthy

21. Key insight
A key insight to a translation issue is that the Strong definition of the word may list the definition used as the last meaning or near the end of the list while ancient lexicons may not even list that definition other than used in GNT (Greek New Testament). This could be a case where the theologians decided on a meaning and then that meaning is put into the dictionary of approved meanings and others keep repeating this idea until everyone accepts that idea. That is, until someone actually goes back and looks at what was done.

22. Words
The main words of interest here are the following. Since there does not appear to be an issue with "physician" that word will be covered first.

23. Physician
In the context of this verse, the physician appears to be Jesus referring to himself as the physician. There does not seem to be any issue with this word.

24. Strongs - physician

25. Strong

26. Strongs - strong

27. Matthew
Let us look at how Matthew uses this word.
Verse routeMatthew 5:13 Ye are the salt of the earth: but if the salt have lost his savour, wherewith shall it be salted? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out, and to be trodden under foot of men. [kjv]


28. Matthew 5:13
   Matthew 5:13 
 All 
KJV: Ye are the salt of the earth: but if the salt have lost his savour, wherewith shall it be salted? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out, and to be trodden under foot of men.
Greek: υμεις εστε το αλας της γης εαν δε το αλας μωρανθη εν τινι αλισθησεται εις ουδεν ισχυει ετι ει μη βληθηναι βληθεν εξω και καταπατεισθαι υπο των ανθρωπων

29. Salt
Whatever the salt represents, it is not good when it has lost "strength".

Information sign More: Salt salted with a salty salt

30. Strong man
Here is one example of a "strong" man - translated in the KJV (King James Version) as "fierce".
Verse routeMatthew 8:28 And when he was come to the other side into the country of the Gergesenes, there met him two possessed with devils, coming out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man might pass by that way. [kjv]


31. Matthew 8:28
   Matthew 8:28 
 All 
KJV: And when he was come to the other side into the country of the Gergesenes, there met him two possessed with devils, coming out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man might pass by that way.
Greek: και ελθοντι αυτω ελθοντος αυτου εις το περαν εις την χωραν των γεργεσηνων γαδαρηνων υπηντησαν αυτω δυο δαιμονιζομενοι εκ των μνημειων εξερχομενοι χαλεποι λιαν ωστε μη ισχυειν τινα παρελθειν δια της οδου εκεινης

32. Strong man
Here is another example of a "strong" man.
Verse routeMatthew 12:29 Or else how can one enter into a strong man's house, and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man? and then he will spoil his house. [kjv]

The verse and context of this verse appears to be that the strong man of this world is Satan.

Information sign More: Matthew 12:26-29 Snatching the raptured goods from the strong man

33. Matthew 12:29
 All 
KJV: Or else how can one enter into a strong man's house, and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man? and then he will spoil his house.
Greek: η πως δυναται τις εισελθειν εις την οικιαν του ισχυρου και τα σκευη αυτου διαρπασαι αρπασαι εαν μη πρωτον δηση τον ισχυρον και τοτε την οικιαν αυτου διαρπασει

34. A strong wind
The wind can be "strong".
Verse routeMatthew 14:30 But when he saw the wind boisterous, he was afraid; and beginning to sink, he cried, saying, Lord, save me. [kjv]

That "wind" can represent the power of Satan.

Information sign More: Matthew 7:24-27 Rain, rivers and wind: code word interpretation
The "wind" as a "big breath" can represent the Holy Spirit.

Information sign More: A big breath from a wind bag

35. Matthew 14:30
 All 
KJV: But when he saw the wind boisterous, he was afraid; and beginning to sink, he cried, saying, Lord, save me.
Greek: βλεπων δε τον ανεμον ισχυ ρον εφοβηθη και αρξαμενος καταποντιζεσθαι εκραξεν λεγων κυριε σωσον με
Wessex: Þa he ge-seah þanne strange wind he him on-draedde. Ða he warð gedofon he cweð. drihton ge-do me halgan.
Luther: Er sah aber einen starken Wind. Da erschrak er und hub an zu sinken, schrie und sprach: Herr, hilf mir!

36. Lacking strength
One can lack strength to stay awake or "be able" to do so.
Verse routeMatthew 26:40 And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour? [kjv]

The Greek for "strong enough" does not come through in the KJV.

37. Matthew 26:40
 All 
KJV: And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour?
Greek: και ερχεται προς τους μαθητας και ευρισκει αυτους καθευδοντας και λεγει τω πετρω ουτως ουκ ισχυσατε μιαν ωραν γρηγορησαι μετ εμου

38. Paul
How does Paul use the word for "strong"?
Verse route1 Corinthians 1:25 Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men. [kjv]


39. Foolish and moronic babies
Today, the modern Greek word "μωρό" (mo-RO) ≈ "baby, infant" is more common and is the origin of the English word "moron" as someone who (originally) exhibited "baby" or "infant" behavior. This was the meaning in Bible times.

The ancient Greek word as "slow", "dull", "foolish" is possibly related to the Sanskrit word "मूर" (mu-ra) ≈ "slow, stupid, foolish" which is the source of the Hindi word "मूढ़" (woodh) ≈ "foolish".

40. English words related to moron
Here are some English words related to the ancient Greek "μωρός" for "foolish". The ancient Greek words "μωρός" (mo-ROS) ≈ "dull, stupid, foolish" and "σοφός" (so-FOS) ≈ "wise" appear together in a verse in two places in the Bible, the second in a negative sense as "not wise".

Information sign More: The truth about a lying baby

41. 1 Corinthians 1:25
 All 
KJV: Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men.
Greek: οτι το μωρον του θεου σοφωτερον των ανθρωπων εστιν και το ασθενες του θεου ισχυροτερον των ανθρωπων εστιν
Latin: quia quod stultum est Dei sapientius est hominibus et quod infirmum est Dei fortius est hominibus
Wycliffe: For that that is foli thing of God, is wiser than men; and that that is the feble thing of God, is strengere than men.
Spanish: Porque lo insensato de Dios es más sabio que los hombres; y lo débil de Dios es más fuerte que los hombres.

42. Foolishness
Verse route1 Corinthians 1:27 But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty; [kjv]


43. 1 Corinthians 1:27
 All 
KJV: But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty;
Greek: αλλα τα μωρα του κοσμου εξελεξατο ο θεος ινα καταισχυνη τους σοφους καταισχυνη και τα ασθενη του κοσμου εξελεξατο ο θεος ινα καταισχυνη τα ισχυρα

44. Strength
Verse route1 Corinthians 10:22 Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? are we stronger than he? [kjv]



Information sign More: The coveting of greed

45. 1 Corinthians 10:22
 All 
KJV: Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? are we stronger than he?
Greek: η παραζηλουμεν τον κυριον μη ισχυροτεροι αυτου εσμεν

46. Bad shape
The word "bad" can mean bad is in "I am in bad shape" or evil, worthless, etc. So the word in the GNT often means "sick" as people that are in "bad shape" or "bad condition" but can mean evil.

47. Ephesians 6:10
Verse routeEphesians 6:10 Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might. [kjv]
Verse route του λοιπου ενδυναμουσθε εν κυριω και εν τω κρατει της ισχυος αυτου [gnt]


48. Ephesians 6:10
 All 
KJV: Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might.
Greek: το λοιπον αδελφοι μου του λοιπου ενδυναμουσθε εν κυριω και εν τω κρατει της ισχυος αυτου

49. Philippians 4:13 All things
Verse routePhilippians 4:13 I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me. [kjv]
Verse routeπαντα ισχυω εν τω ενδυναμουντι με [gnt]
Verse routeomnia possumconfortat [v]

Can one really do "all things"? There are many changes from the Greek. Greek paraphrase: In all these things (just mentioned), I am given potential (to accomplish) in Him.

This would include adversity of neglect whereby he needed to be self-sufficient (previous verse).

50. Philippians 4:13 All things
Verse routePhilippians 4:13 I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me. [kjv]
Verse routeπαντα ισχυω εν τω ενδυναμουντι με [gnt]
Verse routeomnia possumconfortat [v]

It appears that Paul is saying that he is made "stronger" or "better" in "everything" through Jesus Christ. This would include the adversity of neglect (from Phillipi) whereby he needed to be self-sufficient to continue the work of Christ.

Information sign More: Philippians 4:12-23 Potentially doing all things

51. Strongs - bad

52. Healthy
Other than this verse, the idea of "healthy" does not appear to fit very well.

53. Wictionary
Here are the Wictionary entries for the ancient Greek adjective "κακός". (as of 2022-02-11) Compare these definitions with the Strong definitions that were compiled in the late 1800's.

54. Jesus
When Jesus uses the word in speaking, it appears to be for evil or bad.

Jesus often uses words that are code words in that they can have another meaning. In this case, the traditional meaning in ancient Greek might make some sense in the larger context.

55. Matthew
Let us look at how Jesus uses the Greek word for "bad" or "evil" in Matthew and see how the meaning of "sick" fits.

Others appear to use the this word for "sick" which raises the issue of what type of "sick" were these people.

56. Matthew 6:34
   Matthew 6:34 
 All 
KJV: Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take thought for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof.
Greek: μη ουν μεριμνησητε εις την αυριον η γαρ αυριον μεριμνησει τα εαυτης αυτης αρκετον τη ημερα η κακια αυτης
Latin: nolite ergo esse solliciti in crastinum crastinus enim dies sollicitus erit sibi ipse sufficit diei malitia sua
Wycliffe: Therfor nyle ye be bisy in to the morew, for the morew shal be bisi to`hym silf; for it suffisith to the dai his owen malice.
Tyndale: Care not then for the morow but let ye morow care for it selfe: for the daye present hath ever ynough of his awne trouble.
Luther: Darum sorget nicht für den andern Morgen; denn der morgende Tag wird für das Seine sorgen. Es ist genug, daß ein jeglicher Tag seine eigene Plage habe.
Spanish: Así que, no os afanéis por el mañana, que el mañana traerá su afán. Bástele al día su propio mal.

57. Matthew 15:4
   Matthew 15:4 
 All 
KJV: For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother: and, He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death.
Greek: ο γαρ θεος ενετειλατο λεγων ειπεν τιμα τον πατερα σου και την μητερα και ο κακολογων πατερα η μητερα θανατω τελευτατω
Latin: nam Deus dixit honora patrem et matrem et qui maledixerit patri vel matri morte moriatur
Wessex: witodlice god cwaeð. wurþe þinne faeder & þine moder. & se þe weregeð his fader & his moder swelte he deaðe.
Wycliffe: For God seide, Honoure thi fadir and thi modir, and he that cursith fadir or modir, die bi deeth.
Tyndale: For God comaunded sayinge: honoure thy father and mother and he that cursseth father or mother shall suffer deeth.
Spanish: Porque Dios mandó, diciendo: Honra a tu padre y a tu madre, y: El que maldijere a su padre o a su madre, muera de muerte.

58. Matthew 21:41
 All 
KJV: They say unto him, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons.
Greek: λεγουσιν αυτω κακους κακως απολεσει αυτους και τον αμπελωνα εκδοσεται εκδωσεται αλλοις γεωργοις οιτινες αποδωσουσιν αυτω τους καρπους εν τοις καιροις αυτων
Latin: aiunt illi malos male perdet et vineam locabit aliis agricolis qui reddant ei fructum temporibus suis
Wessex: Ða cwaeðen hyo. he for-deð þa yfele mid yfele. & ge-sett hys wingeard mid oðre tylian. þe him his waestmen heore tÿdon agyfen.
Wycliffe: Thei seien to hym, He schal leese yuele the yuele men, and he schal sette to hire his vyneyerd to othere erthetilieris, whyche schulen yelde to hym fruyt in her tymes.
Tyndale: They sayde vnto him: he will cruellye destroye those evyll persons and wyll let out his vyneyarde vnto other husbandmen which shall delyver him the frute at tymes convenient
Luther: Sie sprachen zu ihm: Er wird die Bösewichte übel umbringen und seinen Weinberg andern Weingärtnern austun, die ihm die Früchte zu rechter Zeit geben.
Spanish: Ellos le dijeron: A los malos destruirá sin misericordia, y su viña arrendará a otros labradores, que le paguen el fruto a su tiempo.

59. Matthew 24:48
 All 
KJV: But and if that evil servant shall say in his heart, My lord delayeth his coming;
Greek: εαν δε ειπη ο κακος δουλος εκεινος εν τη καρδια αυτου χρονιζει μου ο κυριος μου ελθειν
Latin: si autem dixerit malus servus ille in corde suo moram facit dominus meus venire
Wessex: Gyf se yfela þeow þencð on his heorten & cwyð. mi hlaford aferreð his kyme.
Wycliffe: But if thilke yuel seruaunt seie in his herte, My lord tarieth to come,
Tyndale: But and yf that evill servaut shall saye in his herte my master wyll defer his comynge
Luther: So aber jener, der böse Knecht, wird in seinem Herzen sagen: Mein Herr kommt noch lange nicht,
Spanish: Pero si aquel siervo malo dijere en su corazón: Mi señor tarda en venir;

60. Original verse
Let us return to the original verse.

61. Matthew 9:12
   Matthew 9:12 
 All 
KJV: But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them, They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick.
Greek: ο δε ιησους ακουσας ειπεν αυτοις ου χρειαν εχουσιν οι ισχυοντες ιατρου αλλ αλλα οι κακως εχοντες
Latin: at Iesus audiens ait non est opus valentibus medico sed male habentibus
Wessex: & se haelend cweð þe þis ge-hyrde. Nis halen laeches nan þarf. ac seoken.
Wycliffe: And Jhesus herde, and seide, A leche is not nedeful to men that faren wel, but to men that ben yuel at ese.
Tyndale: When Iesus herde that he sayde vnto them: The whole neade not the phisicion but they that are sicke.
Luther: Da das Jesus hörete, sprach er zu ihnen: Die Starken bedürfen des Arztes nicht, sondern die Kranken.
Spanish: Y oyéndolo Jesús, les dijo: Los que están sanos no tienen necesidad de médico, sino los que están enfermos.

62. Valentine's Day
This verse study started with the observation that the Latin Vulgate word for "strong" was the basis for the name for which Valentine's Day is named.

Information sign More: A strong case for Valentine's Day

63. Questions
What is this?The obvious questions from the verse from the original Greek are the following. Does everyone need Jesus? Who might not need Jesus?

64. C. S. Lewis: Grumbler and sin
C. S. LewisC.S. Lewis used the example of a grumbler who grumbled so much that that person turned into a grumble.

The analogy is that a sinner who sins enough will eventually turn into pure sin. At that point, the person cannot be saved from sin because they are no longer a person. They have become sin and there is nothing left to save.

Discuss this idea. Aside: The above analogy is the idea I got from some study of C.S. Lewis from others who had studied him.

Information sign More: Catch and release: throwing out some ideas

65. End of page

by RS  admin@creationpie.com : 1024 x 640