Parish the neighborhood thought

The English word "parish" comes from the Middle English word "parisshe" ≈ "parish" which comes, through French, from the Latin word "parochia" ≈ "" which comes from the ancient Greek word "παροικία" ≈ "dwelling abroad".

From the literal meaning, a "parish" is the an area "beyond" the house. In church terms, an area "beyond" the "house" of worship. That is, a small geographic area about the church (building) as in a "neighborhood".

The ancient Greek word "παροικία" ≈ "dwelling abroad" as in a temporary residence and comes from two Greek words.

The ancient Greek word "πάρα" ≈ "beyond".
The ancient Greek word "οίκος" ≈ "house".

By extension, the word can refer to a stranger as one living, or sojourning, beyond their house.

$Parallel lines$ The Greek prefix "para" appears to mean "beyond" and not "parallel" which is the sense often used in English. The ancient Greek word "παρά" ≈ "beyond", although some prefer the meaning of "beside" because of the influence of Euclid's definition of a parallel line as a line "beyond" another line in a plane such that the lines never touch.
From Euclid, a parallel line is a line just like another line in a plane, not that line, that is "beyond" that line (from either direction) and never touches that line.

Some Greek words that make better sense using "beyond" rather than "parallel" include "parable" and "paradox".

More: Paradoxes: Beyond expectation of a parallel glory

More: Going beyond the prefix para

Matthew 23:38 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate. [kjv]

ιδου αφιεται υμιν ο οικος υμων [gnt]

The Bible times and modern Greek word "οίκος" (EE-kos) ≈ "house" comes from the same ancient Greek word.
The more common Modern Greek word for house is "σπίτι" (SPEE-tee) ≈ "house" which comes from the Latin word for "hospitality".

More: All the ecumenical world

More: Greek house and village and city

The original Greek word for house «ϝοικος» (vee-kos or wee-kos) started with a digamma and became «οίκος» (ee-kos) and is related to the Old English "wic" or house as in the "Earl of Sandwich".

More: Greek house and village and city

Luke 24:18

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KJV: And the one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answering said unto him, Art thou only a stranger in Jerusalem, and hast not known the things which are come to pass there in these days?

Greek: αποκριθεις δε ο εις ω ονομα ονοματι κλεοπας ειπεν προς αυτον συ μονος παροικεις εν ιερουσαλημ και ουκ εγνως τα γενομενα εν αυτη εν ταις ημεραις ταυταις

Latin: et respondens unus cui nomen Cleopas dixit ei tu solus peregrinus es in Hierusalem et non cognovisti quae facta sunt in illa his diebus

Luther: Da antwortete einer mit Namen Kleophas und sprach zu ihm: Bist du allein unter den Fremdlingen zu Jerusalem, der nicht wisse, was in diesen Tagen drinnen geschehen ist?

*G3939 *2 παροικέω (par-oy-keh'-o) : from G3844 and G3611; to dwell near, i.e. reside as a foreigner:--sojourn in, be a stranger.

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παροικεις

Luke 24:18 ... unto him, Art thou only a stranger in Jerusalem, ...

παρωκησεν

Hebrews 11:9 By faith he sojourned in the land of promise, as ...

*G3940 *2 παροικία (par-oy-kee'-ah) : from G3941 πάροικος; foreign residence:--sojourning, X as strangers.

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παροικια

Acts 13:17 ... exalted the people when they dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt, ...

παροικιας

1 Peter 1:17 ... pass the time of your sojourning here in fear:

*G3941 *4 πάροικος (par'-oy-kos) : from G3844 and G3624; having a home near, i.e. (as noun) a by-dweller (alien resident):--foreigner, sojourn, stranger.

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παροικον

Acts 7:6 ... his seed should sojourn in a strange land; ...

παροικος

Acts 7:29 ... saying, and was a stranger in the land of Madian, ...

παροικοι

Ephesians 2:19 ... no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, ...

παροικους

1 Peter 2:11 Dearly beloved, I beseech you as strangers and pilgrims, abstain ...

The English word "pilgrim" and comes from the Middle English word "pilegrim" ≈ "pilgrim" which comes, through French, from the Latin word "peregrinus" ≈ "foreigner" from "peregre" ≈ "abroad" as in "beyond the surrounding land".

In many cases, the KJV (King James Version) appears to be influenced by the Latin word for "stranger" or "foreigner". A "pilgrimage" is, thus, a journey made to a place where one would be a "stranger" or "foreigner".

1 Peter 2:11 … I beseech you as strangers and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts, which war against the soul; [kjv]

αγαπητοι παρακαλω ως παροικους και παρεπιδημους απεχεσθαι των σαρκικων επιθυμιων αιτινες στρατευονται κατα της ψυχης [gnt]

… advenas et peregrinos … [v]

1 Peter 2:11

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KJV: Dearly beloved, I beseech you as strangers and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts, which war against the soul;

Hebrew: אהובים אזהירכם כגרים ותושבים הנזרו מתאות הבשר המתגרות בנפש׃

Greek: αγαπητοι παρακαλω ως παροικους και παρεπιδημους απεχεσθαι των σαρκικων επιθυμιων αιτινες στρατευονται κατα της ψυχης

Latin: carissimi obsecro tamquam advenas et peregrinos abstinere vos a carnalibus desideriis quae militant adversus animam

Wycliffe: Moost dere, Y biseche you, as comelyngis and pilgrymys, to absteine you fro fleischli desiris, that fiyten ayens the soule;

Luther: Liebe Brüder, ich ermahne euch, als die Fremdlinge und Pilgrime, enthaltet euch von fleischlichen Lüsten, welche wider die Seele streiten,

Spanish: Amados, yo os ruego como a extranjeros y peregrinos, que os abstengáis de los deseos carnales que batallan contra el alma;

Portuguese: Caríssimos, rogo-vos que, como estrangeiros e peregrinos, vos abstenhais dos desejos carnais, que combatem contra a alma.

Psalms 119:54

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KJV: Thy statutes have been my songs in the house of my pilgrimage.

Hebrew: זמרות היו לי חקיך בבית מגורי׃

Greek: ψαλτα ησαν μοι τα δικαιωματα σου εν τοπω παροικιας μου

Latin: carmina erant mihi praecepta tua in domo peregrinationis meae

Geneva: Thy statutes haue beene my songes in the house of my pilgrimage.

Luther: Deine Rechte sind mein Lied in dem Hause meiner Wallfahrt.

Spanish: Cánticos han sido para mí tus estatutos en la casa de mis peregrinaciones.

Portuguese: Os teus preceitos são o motivo dos meus cânticos na terra do meu peregrinar.

Acts 7:6

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KJV: And God spake on this wise, That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years.

Greek: ελαλησεν δε ουτως ο θεος οτι εσται το σπερμα αυτου παροικον εν γη αλλοτρια και δουλωσουσιν αυτο και κακωσουσιν ετη τετρακοσια

Acts 7:29

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KJV: Then fled Moses at this saying, and was a stranger in the land of Madian, where he begat two sons.

Greek: εφυγεν δε μωσης μωυσης εν τω λογω τουτω και εγενετο παροικος εν γη μαδιαμ ου εγεννησεν υιους δυο

Ephesians 2:19

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KJV: Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God;

Greek: αρα ουν ουκετι εστε ξενοι και παροικοι αλλα εστε συμπολιται των αγιων και οικειοι του θεου

Latin: ergo iam non estis hospites et advenae sed estis cives sanctorum et domestici Dei

Luther: So seid ihr nun nicht mehr Gäste und Fremdlinge, sondern Bürger mit den Heiligen und Gottes Hausgenossen,

At some point in the Middle Ages, the Catholic church wanted each parish church (area around the church) to have a rooster to remind everyone of Peter's denial. Eventually, this often became a weather vane.

The modern Greek word "ανεμοδείκτης" (a-neh-mo-THEE-ktees) ≈ "weather vane" is, literally, a "wind pointer" where the prefix is the modern Greek word "άνεμος" (A-neh-mos) ≈ "wind"

The ancient Greek word "ἄνεμος" ≈ "wind" and is related to the Latin word "animus" ≈ "mind, spirit, breath, etc." and is the source of "animus". The breath part is the origin of the English word "animal".

The modern Greek word "άνεμος" (A-neh-mos) ≈ "wind".

The Greek word for "wind" has a negative connotation in the GNT (Greek New Testament).

More: An unlawful wind as an air of the spirit

More: An unlawful wind as an air of the spirit

The English word "parochial", as pertaining to a "parish", comes, through Norman French and the Latin from the same ancient Greek word "παροικία" ≈ "dwelling abroad".

Luke 2:1 And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed. [kjv]

εγενετο δε εν ταις ημεραις εκειναις εξηλθεν δογμα παρα καισαρος αυγουστου απογραφεσθαι πασαν την οικουμενην [gnt]

… orbis [v]

In Luke, we have the start of the Christmas story to Bethlehem initiated by the taxation decree of Caesar Augustus.

The Greek word is "οικουμένην" (ee-ku-MEH-neen) ≈ "inhabited world". Note that the The modern Greek word The "οικουμένη" (ee-ku-MEH-nee) ≈ "inhabited world" is much the same (except for the ending).

The Greek word for "house" (as a prefix) is sometimes used to refer to the "entire world" as in "inhabited world" as in, at times, "the Roman Empire"

More: All the ecumenical world

A "parish" can be contrasted with a "diocese" which today is often a religious region administered by a bishop.

The English word "diocese" is from the Middle English word "diocise" ≈ "diocese" which is, through French, from the Latin word "dioecesis" ≈ "district under a governor" which is from the ancient Greek word "διοίκησισ" ≈ "internal administration". This "internal administration" is seen in the LXX (Septuagint) in Ezra.

Ezra 8:36

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KJV: And they delivered the king's commissions unto the king's lieutenants, and to the governors on this side the river: and they furthered the people, and the house of God.

Hebrew: ויתנו את דתי המלך לאחשדרפני המלך ופחוות עבר הנהר ונשאו את העם ואת בית האלהים׃

Greek: και εδωκαν το νομισμα του βασιλεως τοις διοικηταις του βασιλεως και επαρχοις περαν του ποταμου και εδοξασαν τον λαον και τον οικον του θεου

Latin: dederunt autem edicta regis satrapis qui erant de conspectu regis et ducibus trans Flumen et elevaverunt populum et domum Dei