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Matthew 16:1-3 Red sky at night
by RS  admin@creationpie.com : 1024 x 640


1. Verses with Greek
Verse routeMatthew 16:1 The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι προσελθοντες οι φαρισαιοι και σαδδουκαιοι πειραζοντες επηρωτησαν αυτον σημειον εκ του ουρανου επιδειξαι αυτοις [gnt]
Verse route16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις οψιας γενομενης λεγετε ευδια πυρραζει γαρ ο ουρανος [gnt]
Verse route16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]
Verse routeκαι πρωι σημερον χειμων πυρραζει γαρ στυγναζων ο ουρανος @MARK(m=[k],t=[]) το μεν προσωπον του ουρανου γινωσκετε διακρινειν τα δε σημεια των καιρων ου δυνασθε [gnt]
Verse route16:4 A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed. [kjv]
Verse routeγενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα και καταλιπων αυτους απηλθεν [gnt]


2. Red sky
Red sky at night, sailors' delight.
Red sky at morning, sailors take warning.

One common variant is the following.

Red sky at night, shepherds' delight.
Red sky in the morning, shepherds' warning.

3. Genesis 25:25: Fire color as red or orange
Verse routeGenesis 25:25 And the first came out red, all over like an hairy garment; and they called his name Esau. [kjv]
Verse routeεξηλθεν δε ο υιος ο πρωτοτοκος πυρρακης ολος ωσει δορα δασυς επωνομασεν δε το ονομα αυτου ησαυ [lxx]
Verse routerufus … [v]
Verse routeאדמוני … [he]

אדמונ - ruddy The Hebrew word "אדמונ" (ad-mo-w-ni) ≈ "ruddy". The word starts with the Hebrew word for "Adam" or "man".
Here, the "red" in Hebrew is sometimes translated as "ruddy". The LXX (Septuagint) uses the ancient Greek word "πυρράζω""redden" as in "fire" which can be a play on words with "examine" as in "tempt".

Information sign More: Orange you going to color it red

4. Greek red fire
Verse routeRevelation 12:3 And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his heads. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι ωφθη αλλο σημειον εν τω ουρανω και ιδου δρακων μεγας πυρρος εχων κεφαλας επτα και κερατα δεκα και επι τας κεφαλας αυτου επτα διαδηματα [gnt]
Verse routerufus … [v]

FlameThe Greek word for "red" is related to the ancient Greek word "πῦρ""fire" which is from the PIE (Proto Indo-European) root "*PEHWR""fire" and is related to the English word "fire" through Grimm's Law.
Fire often appears more orange than red, but, remember, that distinction was not made at that time.

Information sign More: Orange you going to color it red

5. Matthew 16:1-4 Verses
Verse routeMatthew 16:1 The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven. [kjv]
Verse route16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse route16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]
Verse route16:4 A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed. [kjv]


6. Matthew 16:1
   Matthew 16:1 
 All 
KJV: The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven.
Greek: και προσελθοντες οι φαρισαιοι και σαδδουκαιοι πειραζοντες επηρωτησαν αυτον σημειον εκ του ουρανου επιδειξαι αυτοις

7. Matthew 16:2
   Matthew 16:2 
 All 
KJV: He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red.
Greek: ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις οψιας οψιας γενομενης λεγετε ευδια πυρραζει γαρ ο ουρανος

8. Matthew 16:3
   Matthew 16:3 
 All 
KJV: And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. @MARK(m=[k],t=[O ye hypocrites]), ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times?
Greek: και πρωι σημερον χειμων πυρραζει γαρ στυγναζων ο ουρανος υποκριται το μεν προσωπον του ουρανου γινωσκετε διακρινειν τα δε σημεια των καιρων ου δυνασθε δυνασθε

9. Matthew 16:4
   Matthew 16:4 
 All 
KJV: A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed.
Greek: γενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα του προφητου και καταλιπων αυτους απηλθεν

10. Matthew 16:1 Context
Verse routeMatthew 16:1 The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι προσελθοντες οι φαρισαιοι και σαδδουκαιοι πειραζοντες επηρωτησαν αυτον σημειον εκ του ουρανου επιδειξαι αυτοις [gnt]

Members of the religious establishment come to "examine" Jesus in order to "trick" him. The word translated as "tempt" means to "examine" using knowledge which the person knows or believes to be true.

The ancient Greek word "πειράζω""examine" and is often translated in the KJV (King James Version) as "tempt". The modern idea of the Greek "temptation" is that of an interview where one examines someone about things they know or believe they know.

This word is important here as Jesus will make a play on words of this Greek word.

Information sign More: Matthew 4:1-11 Examining evil temptations

11. Matthew 16:1-3 Red sky at night
Verse routeMatthew 16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse route16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]

Jesus provides the first recorded instance of a general saying through the ages used as a "rule of thumb".

Red sky at night, sailors' delight.
Red sky at morning, sailors take warning.
What one calls "red" is information and is dependent on one's viewpoint. The word used by Jesus here is derived from the Greek word for "fire". That Greek word for "red" is a play on words that is not apparent in the English translation.

12. Matthew 16:4 Final verse
Verse routeMatthew 16:4 A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed. [kjv]
Verse routeγενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα και καταλιπων αυτους απηλθεν [gnt]

The KJV translates as "wicked" the Greek word that means "oppressive". The "oppression" is physical "oppression" and mental "oppression" through "deception" and other means.

The KJV translates as "adulterous" the Greek word that can mean "adulterous" but might be better translated as "seductive". The "seductive" is that of recruiting those into the system to avoid some of the "oppression" by "oppressing" others.

Future topic Details are left as a future topic.


13. Matthew 12:39-41
Verse routeMatthew 12:39 But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas: [kjv]
Verse route12:40 For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. [kjv]
Verse route12:41 The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here. [kjv]

Jesus talks of "three days and three nights" earlier in Matthew. Moving the crucifixion to Wednesday removes discrepancies from the traditional Friday crucifixion.

Jesus says the usual "three days" and "three nights". In the parable of the woman and the leaven, Jesus says "measures three". The word order change is needed for some play on word meanings.

Information sign More: Sabbaths and High Sabbaths: Crucifixion week
Information sign More: Matthew 13:33 Fourth kingdom parable: measures three

14. Matthew 12:39
 All 
KJV: But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas:
Greek: ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις γενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα του προφητου

15. Matthew 12:40
 All 
KJV: For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.
Greek: ωσπερ γαρ ην ιωνας εν τη κοιλια του κητους τρεις ημερας και τρεις νυκτας ουτως εσται ο υιος του ανθρωπου εν τη καρδια της γης τρεις ημερας και τρεις νυκτας

16. Matthew 12:41
 All 
KJV: The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here.
Greek: ανδρες νινευιται αναστησονται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινουσιν αυτην οτι μετενοησαν εις το κηρυγμα ιωνα και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε

17. Matthew 16:1 Context
Verse routeMatthew 16:1 The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι προσελθοντες οι φαρισαιοι και σαδδουκαιοι πειραζοντες επηρωτησαν αυτον σημειον εκ του ουρανου επιδειξαι αυτοις [gnt]

This series of verses spans only four verses. The first of these has three words that are used in the two "red" "sky" verses that follow.

18. Examine
Verse routeMatthew 16:1 The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι προσελθοντες οι φαρισαιοι και σαδδουκαιοι πειραζοντες επηρωτησαν αυτον σημειον εκ του ουρανου επιδειξαι αυτοις [gnt]

*G3985 *38 πειράζω (pi-rad'-zo) : from G3984; to test (objectively), i.e. endeavor, scrutinize, entice, discipline:--assay, examine, go about, prove, tempt(-er), try.
The ancient Greek word "πειράζω""examine" and is often translated in the KJV as "tempt". The Greek meaning was one of "examination" where the examiner uses things the examinee believes to be true, often to deceive that examinee. The same happens in modern job interviews, though not (usually) with the goal of deception.

Information sign More: Matthew 4:1-11 Examining evil temptations

19. Peirastic
Book: Aristotle on False ReasoningOn page 2, Schreiber elaborates on "peirastic" reasoning as distinguished by Aristotle.
Aristotle's clarification of the word fits the "temptations" of Jesus in the Gospels. The ancient Greek word "πειράζω""examine" and is often translated in the KJV as "tempt". The modern idea of the Greek "temptation" is that of an interview where one examines someone about things they know or believe they know.

Information sign More: Matthew 4:1-11 Examining evil temptations
Information sign More: Do not mention temptations nor attempt to be a pirate
Information sign More: Book: Aristotle on False Reasoning

20. James 1:13
Verse routeJames 1:13 Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man: [kjv]
Verse routeμηδεις πειραζομενος λεγετω οτι απο θεου πειραζομαι ο γαρ θεος απειραστος εστιν κακων πειραζει δε αυτος ουδενα [gnt]

If God knows everything how can God be "examined"?

Does God "examine" anyone? Is it an "examination" when one must account for every "idle word"?

James is filled with logical reasoning errors. As a disputed, literally "spoken against" in the Greek, book, James appears to have been included, in part, because some verses can be used to "enslave" or "oppress" the faithful to get them to do what the human church infrastructure (house of sand) desires.

Information sign More: Matthew 12:30-37 Pardon the idle word counting
Information sign More: Overly burdened in the cares and concerns of evil
Information sign More: James 4: Selected logical issues

21. James 1:13
   James 1:13 
 All 
KJV: Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man:
Greek: μηδεις πειραζομενος λεγετω οτι απο του θεου πειραζομαι ο γαρ θεος απειραστος εστιν κακων πειραζει δε αυτος ουδενα

22. Strongs - mark, sign

23. Usage - mark, sign
*G4592 *77 σημεῖον (say-mi'-on) : neuter of a presumed derivative of the base of G4591; an indication, especially ceremonially or supernaturally:--miracle, sign, token, wonder.
Word usage per chapter Words: σημεια=32 σημειοις=4 σημειον=38 σημειων=3

Greek flag
Flag of Greece
The ancient Greek word "σῆμα""mark, sign" and is the source of the English word "semaphore".

The modern Greek word "σημαία" (see-MEH-a) ≈ "flag".

24. Sky and heaven
*G3772 *275 οὐρανός (oo-ran-os') : perhaps from the same as G3735 (through the idea of elevation); the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of God); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the Gospel (Christianity):--air, heaven(-ly), sky.
The ancient Greek word "ουρανός""sky, heaven".

The English word for the planet "Uranus", discovered by William Hershel in 1781, is from the ancient Greek word "Οὐρανός""Uranus" who was a god in Greek mythology.

25. Usage - sky, heaven
*G4592 *77 σημεῖον (say-mi'-on) : neuter of a presumed derivative of the base of G4591; an indication, especially ceremonially or supernaturally:--miracle, sign, token, wonder.
Word usage per chapter Words: σημεια=32 σημειοις=4 σημειον=38 σημειων=3


26. Matthew 16:1
   Matthew 16:1 
 All 
KJV: The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven.
Greek: και προσελθοντες οι φαρισαιοι και σαδδουκαιοι πειραζοντες επηρωτησαν αυτον σημειον εκ του ουρανου επιδειξαι αυτοις

27. Matthew 16:2 Answer
Verse routeMatthew 16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις οψιας γενομενης λεγετε ευδια πυρραζει γαρ ο ουρανος [gnt]

Divide into two partsThe ancient Greek word "ἀποκρίνω""separate, distinguish".

The Greek word for "answer" as in "answering a question" has the Greek word for "separate" as the second part. This word for "separate" is translated by the KJV as "judge".


Information sign More: Matthew 7:1-2 Here comes the judge, but just barley

28. Strongs - evening

29. Usage - evening
*G3798 *14 ὄψιος (op'-see-os) : from G3796; late; feminine (as noun) afternoon (early eve) or nightfall (later eve):--even(-ing, (-tide)).
Word usage per chapter Words: οψια οψιας=13


30. Usage - evening
Verse routeMatthew 16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις οψιας γενομενης λεγετε ευδια πυρραζει γαρ ο ουρανος [gnt]

*G3798 *14 ὄψιος (op'-see-os) : from G3796; late; feminine (as noun) afternoon (early eve) or nightfall (later eve):--even(-ing, (-tide)).
The Greek word often means "late in the day" or "late in time" which could have the idea of "evening". English has the idea of "the eleventh hour".

The ancient Greek word "ὄψις""view, sight, face, countenance" and is the source of English words such as "optical". A synonym is the ancient Greek word "πρόσοπον""view, sight, face, countenance" which is used in the next verse.

A similar sounding word is the ancient Greek word "ὀψάριον""small plate of food, fish" which is made up of two parts.

31. Matthew Snakes in the evening
Verse routeMatthew 16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις οψιας γενομενης λεγετε ευδια πυρραζει γαρ ο ουρανος [gnt]

Verse route10:16 Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. [kjv]
Verse routeιδου εγω αποστελλω υμας ως προβατα εν μεσω λυκων γινεσθε ουν φρονιμοι ως οι οφεις και ακεραιοι ως αι περιστεραι [gnt]
Verse route23:33 Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell? [kjv]
Verse routeοφεις γεννηματα εχιδνων πως φυγητε απο της κρισεως της γεεννης [gnt]

Here are some ancient Greek words.

32. Strongs - snakes

33. Usage - snakes
*G3789 *14 ὄφις (of'-is) : probably from G3700 (through the idea of sharpness of vision); a snake, figuratively, (as a type of sly cunning) an artful malicious person, especially Satan:--serpent.
Word usage per chapter Words: οφεις=3 οφεσιν οφεων=2 οφεως οφιν=3 οφις=4

This exact Greek spelling of "snakes" is used three times in the GNT (Greek New Testament), all by Jesus.

34. Matthew 10:16
 All 
KJV: Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
Greek: ιδου εγω αποστελλω υμας ως προβατα εν μεσω λυκων γινεσθε ουν φρονιμοι ως οι οφεις και ακεραιοι ως αι περιστεραι

35. Matthew 23:33
 All 
KJV: Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?
Greek: οφεις γεννηματα εχιδνων πως φυγητε απο της κρισεως της γεεννης

36. Strongs - fair weather

37. Usage - fair weather
Verse routeMatthew 16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις οψιας γενομενης λεγετε ευδια πυρραζει γαρ ο ουρανος [gnt]

*G2105 *1 εὐδία (yoo-dee'-ah) : feminine from G2095 and the alternate of G2203 (as the god of the weather); a clear sky, i.e. fine weather:--fair weather.
Word usage per chapter Words: ευδια

The ancient Greek word "εὐδία""calm weather" and means, literally, "good thorough". This word is used only once in the GNT but used often by Aristotle in his Meteorology.

Any play on words might use the literal meaning of the constituent words such as "good" followed by "through".

38. Aristotle: Meteorology
Loeb: Aristotle Meteorologica
Aristotle uses some of the words in the "red sky" verses in the same sentence in his work Meteorology (English) or Meteorologica (Latin)
English: ... it is clear that the vapour has not yet separated from the dry and fiery exhalation which causes fine weather. (Loeb#197, p. 249)
Greek: ... δῆλον ὡς οὔπω ἡ ἀτμὶς ἀποκέκριται τῆς ἀναθυμιάσεως τῆς ξηρᾶς καὶ πυρώδους· τοῦτο δὲ εὐδίας αἴτιον. [372b]
In this part of Meteorology, Aristotle discusses the formation of "halos" (in the sky). The word "halo" comes from the Greek word for a "threshing floor".

39. Ruth 3:2 Threshing floors and halos
Verse routeRuth 3:2 And now is not Boaz of our kindred, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to night in the threshingfloor. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι νυν ουχι βοος γνωριμος ημων ου ης μετα των κορασιων αυτου ιδου αυτος λικμα τον αλωνα των κριθων ταυτη τη νυκτι [lxx]

Smiley - angel Smiley - devil

The ancient Greek word "ἅλως""threshing floor" and is the source of the English word "halo" since there tended to be a disk appearing as the sun or moon on the threshing floor.

The "threshing floor" would have been at a place on a hill that had sufficient wind to blow the chaff away. Boaz would have been there to work into the night and the sleep there to keep the grain safe from being stolen and then continue threshing in the morning.

Information sign More: Matthew 21:41-45 Winnowing the wheat and chaff to stone-ground powder

40. Matthew 16:3 Hypocrites
Verse routeMatthew 16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]
Verse routeκαι πρωι σημερον χειμων πυρραζει γαρ στυγναζων ο ουρανος @MARK(m=[k],t=[]) το μεν προσωπον του ουρανου γινωσκετε διακρινειν τα δε σημεια των καιρων ου δυνασθε [gnt]

The Greek word "hypocrite" meant "acting" or "pretending". The KJV has "o ye hypocrites" which is not in some Greek manuscripts. Assume that the "hypocrites" was an addition to some Greek text. Does what Jesus say apply to our modern meaning of "hypocrite"? If so, the addition was added after that meaning was established (from a misunderstanding of Matthew 7). If it fits the GNT meaning of "acting" or "pretending", the addition was made before the meaning change happened.

Information sign More: An actor as a hypocrite is not real

41. Matthew 16:3 Discerning the weather
Verse routeMatthew 16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]
Verse routeκαι πρωι σημερον χειμων πυρραζει γαρ στυγναζων ο ουρανος @MARK(m=[k],t=[]) το μεν προσωπον του ουρανου γινωσκετε διακρινειν τα δε σημεια των καιρων ου δυνασθε [gnt]

The KJV translates as the first "discern" the Greek word that means "know" (in depth).

The KJV translates as the second "discern" the Greek word that means "through separation" as in "discern".
 
How would you describe a meteorologist who cannot make up his or her mind?


Information sign More: Discerning doubts about doubts

42. Discerning doubts about doubts
Verse routeMatthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
Verse routeαποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν εαν εχητε πιστιν και μη διακριθητε ου μονον το της συκης ποιησετε αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται [gnt]

Don't even think of doubting here! Divide into two parts Don't even think of thinking here!
The KJV, and most English translations, use "doubt" for the ancient Greek word "διάκρινω""separate, distinguish, discern" which is, literally, "though separation".
The KJV translation as "doubt" appears to have been influenced by the Latin word "haesito""remain fixed in place, hesitate, be uncertain".

Does this mean that if one does not "discern" properly, one can do the same to a fig tree or to a mountain? Does this mean that if one does not "think about it", one can do the same to a fig tree or mountain? Is this a good or a bad idea? Let us investigate.

Information sign More: Discerning doubts about doubts

43. Matthew 16:3 Play on words
Verse routeMatthew 16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]
Verse routeκαι πρωι σημερον χειμων πυρραζει γαρ στυγναζων ο ουρανος @MARK(m=[k],t=[]) το μεν προσωπον του ουρανου γινωσκετε διακρινειν τα δε σημεια των καιρων ου δυνασθε [gnt]

There appears to be some play on words here by Jesus (in the Greek). Jesus does this often when speaking in front of the religious establishment, especially when common people are is present.

The ancient Greek word "πυρράζω""redden". This word appears only in these two verses in Matthew in the GNT.

The ancient Greek word "πειράζω""examine" and is often translated in the KJV as "tempt". The Greek meaning was one of "examination" where the examiner uses things the examinee believes to be true, often to deceive that examinee. The same happens in modern job interviews, though not (usually) with the goal of deception.

At the time, there was a small difference in the sound of the first vowels. Today, that difference has disappeared.


44. Strongs - red

45. Usage - red
*G4449 *2 πυρῥάζω (poor-hrad'-zo) : from G4450; to redden (intransitively):--be red.
Word usage per chapter Words: πυρραζει=2

The ancient Greek word "πυρράζω""redden".

The ancient Greek word "πειράζω""examine" and is often translated in the KJV as "tempt".
*G3985 *38 πειράζω (pi-rad'-zo) : from G3984; to test (objectively), i.e. endeavor, scrutinize, entice, discipline:--assay, examine, go about, prove, tempt(-er), try.
Today the Greek vowels "υ" and "ει" have merged to sound the same. It appears that they would have been close enough for the play on words to be understood. When making such a play on words, one usually makes the pronounced sound between the two different sounds.

Information sign More: Matthew 4:1-11 Examining evil temptations
Information sign More: Do not mention temptations nor attempt to be a pirate

46. Strongs - winter

47. Usage - winter
*G5494 *6 χειμών (khi-mone') : from a derivative of cheo (to pour; akin to the base of G5490 through the idea of a channel), meaning a storm (as pouring rain); by implication, the rainy season, i.e. winter:--tempest, foul weather, winter.
Word usage per chapter Words: χειμων=2 χειμωνος=4

The Greek for "foul weather" is elsewhere translated as "winter".

The ancient Greek word "χειμών""winter, cold chill, winter storm". The figurative meaning is that of adversity or disaster or madness, especially as sent from the gods. Only here, in this verse, is the meaning "foul weather" in the GNT.

48. John 10:22 Hanukkah
Verse routeJohn 10:22 And it was at Jerusalem the feast of the dedication, and it was winter. [kjv]
Verse routeεγενετο τοτε τα εγκαινια εν τοις ιεροσολυμοις χειμων ην [gnt]
Verse routeenceniahiemps … [v]
Verse routeзима. [rus]

Menorah - 9 lampsJohn refers the this "Feast of Dedication" known as Hanukkah (in December) in John 10:22. The origin of the "Feast of Dedication" is recorded in Maccabees. These history books were removed by the Protestant Church and placed in what is called the Apocrypha.
The Latin word "hiems""winter" which is related to the modern Greek word "χειμώνας" (hee-MO-nas) ≈ "winter". The Russian word "зима" (zeem-ya) ≈ "winter" is related via a PIE connection.

Information sign More: Apocrypha: Silent years
Information sign More: Hanukkah and the 9 candles

49. John 10:22

   John 10:22 
 All 
KJV: And it was at Jerusalem the feast of the dedication, and it was winter.
Greek: εγενετο δε τοτε τα εγκαινια εν τοις ιεροσολυμοις και χειμων ην
Latin: facta sunt autem encenia in Hierosolymis et hiemps erat
Wessex: Þa waeron tempel-halgunga on ierusalem aend hyt waes winter.
Wycliffe: But the feestis of halewyng of the temple weren maad in Jerusalem, and it was wyntir.
Tyndale: And it was at Ierusalem ye feaste of the dedicacion and it was wynter:
Luther: Es war aber Kirchweih zu Jerusalem und war Winter.
Russian: Настал же тогда в Иерусалиме праздник обновления, и была зима.

50. Strongs - overcast

51. Usage - overcast
Verse routeMark 10:22 And he was sad at that saying, and went away grieved: for he had great possessions. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε στυγνασας επι τω λογω απηλθεν λυπουμενος ην γαρ εχων κτηματα πολλα [gnt]

*G4768 *2 στυγνάζω (stoog-nad'-zo) : from the same as G4767; to render gloomy, i.e. (by implication) glower (be overcast with clouds, or sombreness of speech):--lower, be sad.
Word usage per chapter Words: στυγναζων στυγνασας

The ancient Greek word "στυγνός""hatred, hostility, gloomy".

The usage in Mark is translated by the KJV as "sad" but, as elsewhere, the Latin influences the change from the original meaning.

Information sign More: The sorrowful annoyance of hairsplitting

52. Mark 10:22
   Mark 10:22 
 All 
KJV: And he was sad at that saying, and went away grieved: for he had great possessions.
Greek: ο δε στυγνασας επι τω λογω απηλθεν λυπουμενος ην γαρ εχων κτηματα πολλα

53. Matthew 16:3 Play on words
Verse routeMatthew 16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]
Verse routeκαι πρωι σημερον χειμων πυρραζει γαρ στυγναζων ο ουρανος @MARK(m=[k],t=[]) το μεν προσωπον του ουρανου γινωσκετε διακρινειν τα δε σημεια των καιρων ου δυνασθε [gnt]

Here are some important words. To extend the play on words, consider the following.

54. Greek for time as in season
Verse routeRevelation 1:3 Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein: for the time is at hand. [kjv]
Verse routeμακαριος ο αναγινωσκων και οι ακουοντες τους λογους της προφητειας και τηρουντες τα εν αυτη γεγραμμενα ο γαρ καιρος εγγυς [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "καιρός""measure, period of time, season". The ancient Greek word had a connotation of being the right moment, the critical moment, the opportune moment, etc.

The same modern Greek word often means "weather" as in the climate forecast for a given area. The modern Greek word "καιρός" (keh-ROS) ≈ "weather, time, events" as in "from time to time".

Information sign More: Come quickly: sooner or later

55. Greek for near
Verse routeRevelation 1:3 Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein: for the time is at hand. [kjv]
Verse routeμακαριος ο αναγινωσκων και οι ακουοντες τους λογους της προφητειας και τηρουντες τα εν αυτη γεγραμμενα ο γαρ καιρος εγγυς [gnt]

The Greek says that the "time is near" were "time" as in "season" and "near" is not specified.

56. Matthew 26:18 Pass-code
Verse routeMatthew 26:18 And he said, Go into the city to such a man, and say unto him, The Master saith, My time is at hand; I will keep the passover at thy house with my disciples. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε ειπεν υπαγετε εις την πολιν προς τον δεινα και ειπατε αυτω ο διδασκαλος λεγει ο καιρος μου εγγυς εστιν προς σε ποιω το πασχα μετα των μαθητων μου [gnt]

When Jesus gives a "pass-code" there appears to be a play on words based on sound of "χ" (guttural "ch") and "κ" ("k") and similarity of the vowels.

57. Lead-in verse
Verse routeMatthew 16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse routeο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις οψιας γενομενης λεγετε ευδια πυρραζει γαρ ο ουρανος [gnt]

The "He answered and said unto them" is provided by Matthew as connecting text.

As translated by the KJV: (Jesus says) Play on words paraphrase: (to those questioning him) Can the "In the morning" be taken as a reference to the "resurrection"?

58. Matthew 16:3 Red sky
Verse routeMatthew 16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]

As translated by the KJV: Play on words paraphrase: (to those questioning him)

59. New Living Translation
Verse routeMatthew 16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]

Here is the NLT (New Living Translation).

Red sky in the morning means foul weather all day.’ You know how to interpret the weather signs in the sky, but you don’t know how to interpret the signs of the times!
Note the following that lose any secondary (or more) meanings of the text.

60. Matthew 16:2-3 Review
Verse routeMatthew 16:2 He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red. [kjv]
Verse route16:3 And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowring. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times? [kjv]

Only one of the four "heaven" or "sky" words, the last one by Jesus, fits the play on words with "tail" "of the mind".

61. End of page

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