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Matthew 18:1 Greatest and least in the kingdom
1. Matthew 18:1
KJV: At the same time came the disciples unto Jesus, saying, Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?
Greek: εν εκεινη τη ωρα προσηλθον οι μαθηται τω ιησου λεγοντες τις αρα μειζων εστιν εν τη βασιλεια των ουρανων
2. Matthew 18:1 Greatest and least in the kingdom
Matthew 18:1 At the same time came the disciples unto Jesus, saying, Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven? [kjv]
εν εκεινη τη ωρα προσηλθον οι μαθηται τω ιησου λεγοντες τις αρα μειζων εστιν εν τη βασιλεια των ουρανων [gnt]
Who is "greatest"?
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Who is "least"?
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Since chapter 17 is concerned with
"greatness" and chapter 18 starts with the question to Jesus of who is
"greatest", the question might have been motivated by chapter 17 and then that idea follows through with everything Jesus says in finishing this discourse in chapter 18.
In modern times, the "
great" are ofter called the "
elite".
3. Matthew 17 Mountains of taxes
4. Matthew 18 Greatest and least in the kingdom
5. Tree structures
Tree structured hierarchies are studied in the field of computer science. A
rooted tree makes one node the root node.
A general relation between any two elements can induce a tree or tree-like structure. The relation "
is the parent of" induces a tree-like structure called a
DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph). Thus, a family tree is not actually a tree but a
DAG. The undirected form has cycles. Why?
In computational terms (of computer science), a tree structure representation, in contrast to a flat linear structure representation, results in order
log(n) performance rather than order
n. This can result in significant performance increase as
n get larger.
In human systems,
however, the tree structure may be used by the humans to get some advantage, or be
"greater" in some respect, over other members in the tree.
6. Acts 6:2 Waiting tables
Acts 6:2 Then the twelve called the multitude of the disciples unto them, and said, It is not reason that we should leave the word of God, and serve tables. [kjv]
προσκαλεσαμενοι δε οι δωδεκα το πληθος των μαθητων ειπαν ουκ αρεστον εστιν ημας καταλειψαντας τον λογον του θεου διακονειν τραπεζαις [gnt]
The
relation "
is greater than" when applied to pairs of people induces a tree-structured hierarchy.
The
relation "
serve tables" when applied to everyone creates a tree-structured hierarchy. The word translated as
"reason" is that of
"best" as in
"greater" or, by implication,
"lesser".
Out of this simple start, a huge and complex church hierarchy developed. In the fourth century, it grew from a collection of seeds into a huge tree such that the birds of the air come and made a home in the tree.
7. Acts 6:2 Waiting tables
Acts 6:2 Then the twelve called the multitude of the disciples unto them, and said, It is not reason that we should leave the word of God, and serve tables. [kjv]
προσκαλεσαμενοι δε οι δωδεκα το πληθος των μαθητων ειπαν ουκ αρεστον εστιν ημας καταλειψαντας τον λογον του θεου διακονειν τραπεζαις [gnt]
convocantes … duodecim … aequum … derelinquere verbum … ministrare mensis [v]
The ancient Greek word
"ἄριστος" ≈ "best" as in the
"best" warrior. That is, the "
twelve" considered themselves the
"best" as in
"greatest" and therefore did not
"desire" to "
serve" "
tables".
☐ Was it the
"best" solution?
☐ Was it the most
"desirable" solution?
☐ Was it a
"reason"?
Discuss: How might this decision have impacted a sense of
"greater" or
"greatest" and, by implication, have started the move to a hierarchical church structure?
The Latin word
"aequus" ≈ "equal, level, fair, just" which starts the
word slide found in most modern translations.
8. Acts 6:2 Translations
Acts 6:2 Then the twelve called the multitude of the disciples unto them, and said, It is not reason that we should leave the word of God, and serve tables. [kjv]
προσκαλεσαμενοι δε οι δωδεκα το πληθος των μαθητων ειπαν ουκ αρεστον εστιν ημας καταλειψαντας τον λογον του θεου διακονειν τραπεζαις [gnt]
convocantes … duodecim … aequum … derelinquere verbum … ministrare mensis [v]
NIV (New International Version):
So the Twelve gathered all the disciples together and said, “It would not be right for us to neglect the ministry of the word of God in order to wait on tables.
NLT (New Living Translation):
So the Twelve called a meeting of all the believers. They said, “We apostles should spend our time teaching the word of God, not running a food program.
Berean Literal Bible:
So the Twelve, having called near the multitude of the disciples, said, "It is not desirable for us, having neglected the word of God, to attend tables."
9. Strongs - best
- *G701 *3 ἀρεστός (ar-es-tos') : from G700; agreeable; by implication, fit:--(things that) please(-ing), reason.
- αρεστον *2
- Acts 6:2 ... said, It is not reason that we should leave ...
- Acts 12:3 And because he saw it pleased the Jews, he proceeded further to take ...
- αρεστα
- 1 John 3:22 ... commandments, and do those things that are pleasing in his sight.
10. Usage - best
*G701 *3 ἀρεστός (ar-es-tos') : from G700; agreeable; by implication, fit:--(things that) please(-ing), reason.
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Words: αρεστα αρεστον=2
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The ancient Greek word
"ἄριστος" ≈ "best" as in the
"best" warrior which requires an "
opinion" on which of two are the "
greatest" according to some
"best" criteria.
To support the idea of
"pleasing" or
"desirable", Strongs relates the word for
"best" to the ancient Greek word
"ἀρεσκω" ≈ "pleasing". I could not find a direct connection in any etymological reference or lexicon.
*G700 *17 ἀρέσκω (ar-es'-ko) : probably from G142 (through the idea of exciting emotion); to be agreeable (or by implication, to seek to be so):--please.
11. Strongs - pleasing
- *G700 *17 ἀρέσκω (ar-es'-ko) : probably from G142 (through the idea of exciting emotion); to be agreeable (or by implication, to seek to be so):--please.
- ηρεσεν *4
- Matthew 14:6 ... before them, and pleased Herod.
- Mark 6:22 ... and danced, and pleased Herod and them ...
- Acts 6:5 And the saying pleased the whole multitude: and ...
- Romans 15:3 For even Christ pleased not himself; but, ...
- αρεση *4
- 1 Corinthians 7:32 ... the things that belong to the Lord, how he may please the Lord:
- 1 Corinthians 7:33 ... the things that are of the world, how he may please his wife.
- 1 Corinthians 7:34 ... the things of the world, how she may please her husband.
- 2 Timothy 2:4 ... with the affairs of this life; that he may please him who hath chosen him to be a soldier.
- αρεσκειν *3
- Romans 15:1 ... of the weak, and not to please ourselves.
- Galatians 1:10 ... or do I seek to please men? for if I yet pleased ...
- 1 Thessalonians 4:1 ... ought to walk and to please God, so ye would abound more and more.
- αρεσαι
- Romans 8:8 ... in the flesh cannot please God.
- αρεσκετω
- Romans 15:2 Let every one of us please his neighbour for his good ...
- αρεσκω
- 1 Corinthians 10:33 Even as I please all men in all things, not ...
- ηρεσκον
- Galatians 1:10 ... or do I seek to please men? for if I yet pleased ...
- αρεσκοντες
- 1 Thessalonians 2:4 ... we speak; not as pleasing men, but God, ...
- αρεσκοντων
- 1 Thessalonians 2:15 ... have persecuted us; and they please not God, and ...
12. Usage - pleasing
*G700 *17 ἀρέσκω (ar-es'-ko) : probably from G142 (through the idea of exciting emotion); to be agreeable (or by implication, to seek to be so):--please.
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Words: αρεσαι αρεση=4 αρεσκειν=3 αρεσκετω αρεσκοντες αρεσκοντων αρεσκω ηρεσεν=4 ηρεσκον
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13. Acts 6:2
KJV: Then the twelve called the multitude of the disciples unto them, and said, It is not reason that we should leave the word of God, and serve tables.
Greek: προσκαλεσαμενοι δε οι δωδεκα το πληθος των μαθητων ειπον ειπαν ουκ αρεστον εστιν ημας καταλειψαντας τον λογον του θεου διακονειν τραπεζαις
Latin: convocantes autem duodecim multitudinem discipulorum dixerunt non est aequum nos derelinquere verbum Dei et ministrare mensis
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