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Matthew: First last and last first
1. Matthew: First last and last first
In Matthew, Jesus talks twice of the
"first" being
"last" and the
"last" being
"first".
Matthew 19: Rich young man and "
eunuchs", etc.
Matthew 19:30 But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first. [kjv]
πολλοι δε εσονται πρωτοι εσχατοι και εσχατοι πρωτοι [gnt]
Matthew 20: Parable of the vineyard workers.
20:16 So the last shall be first, and the first last: for many be called, but few chosen. [kjv]
ουτως εσονται οι εσχατοι πρωτοι και οι πρωτοι εσχατοι [gnt]
2. Matthew 19:30 First and last
3. Matthew 19:30 Stacks and queues
Matthew 19:30 But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first. [kjv]
πολλοι δε εσονται πρωτοι εσχατοι και εσχατοι πρωτοι [gnt]
In computer science, a "
stack" is a
LIFO (Last In First Out) data structure that works as a "
stack" of cafeteria trays. In the extreme (all
pushes then all
pops), this creates a
reverse order.
By contrast, a "
queue" is a
FIFI (First In First Out) data structure.
Using the "
new" as living and the "
old" as dead, does a stack-based or first-in last-out structure have any meaning?
That is, from a time sequence perspective, the last in shall be first out and the first in shall be last out. This is the definition of a
stack structure.
Paraphrase:
The first in shall be the last out and the last in shall be the first out.
4. Matthew 20:8 Last to the first
Matthew 20:8 So when even was come, the lord of the vineyard saith unto his steward, Call the labourers, and give them their hire, beginning from the last unto the first. [kjv]
οψιας δε γενομενης λεγει ο κυριος του αμπελωνος τω επιτροπω αυτου καλεσον τους εργατας και αποδος τον μισθον αρξαμενος απο των εσχατων εως των πρωτων [gnt]
The order in which the workers are "
paid" is from the
"last" to the
"first". That is, in the
reverse order to which they started to work in the "
vineyard".
5. Matthew 20:16 First and last
Matthew 20:16 So the last shall be first, and the first last: for many be called, but few chosen. [kjv]
ουτως εσονται οι εσχατοι πρωτοι και οι πρωτοι εσχατοι [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"οὕτως" ≈ "thus" and indicates a conclusion from what has been said. One should look at what was said before this verse.
"πρῶτος" ≈ "first, earliest, most prominent, prime (number)" as in English words beginning with "proto".
"ἔσχατος" ≈ "farthest, most remote, last, final, extreme" and is the source of the English word "eschatology" as a "study of the end times".
Discuss:
Who are the "first"? Who are the "last"?
Who are those between the "first" and the "last"?
These questions appear to be answered, in part, at the end of the next chapter.
[job versus profession]
6. Logical analysis: Build
Matthew 21:31 Whether of them twain did the will of his father? They say unto him, The first. Jesus saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, That the publicans and the harlots go into the kingdom of God before you. [kjv]
τις εκ των δυο εποιησεν το θελημα του πατρος λεγουσιν ο υστερος λεγει αυτοις ο ιησους αμην λεγω υμιν οτι οι τελωναι και αι πορναι προαγουσιν υμας εις την βασιλειαν του θεου [gnt]
Matthew uses
"kingdom" of
"God" rather than
"kingdom" of
"heaven/air". Is there a difference? If so, is it important?
Many attribute this saying to
hyperbole or, essentially, an
opinion. A
logical analysis of this verse is that, with probability approaching certainty,
no religious elite who mislead the faithful for their own greatness will enter the
"kingdom" of
"God".
Who are the
"first"? Who are the
"last"?
7. Kingdom of heaven build
Are any of man's "
righteous" (without God) going in?
Sinners who have changed.
Sinners who have not changed.
Birds (religious elite) who have oppressed others. Are these the "first" that will be "last"? How many "sparrows" will fall without God?
Sinners who entered the Kingdom of God. Are these the "last" that will be "first"?
In particular, if there is even one tax collector or harlot that does not get into the kingdom of God, then neither do any of the religious elite to which Jesus refers.
8. Structural induction
The following are basically the same with a slight different in viewpoint and application.
A mathematical induction is an induction based on mathematical formulas (more abstract).
A structural induction is an induction based on (often programming) structures (more concrete).
Inside to outside: (syntheses, generative)
base case: one element (already ordered)
step (induction) case: two elements, one on each side
Outside to inside: (analysis)
base: two outer elements, one on each side.
step: inside elements as base and step.
[fractals]
9. Koch coastline development
A
fractal is a
self-similar object (i.e., with
fractional dimension).
10. Combined fractal coastline build
11. Structural induction build
The effect of the
first shall be last and the
last shall be first is that of
reversing the order of the
elements of the
list.
This is a
different idea than the "
greatest" shall be the "
least" and the "
least" shall be the "
greatest". In that case, every value can be the same. In a list, each is a different element and is
not the
same element, even if some elements have the
same value.
12. Arrays of lists
The "worth" such as greatest or least, of every element can be the same.
The "order" in the list, such as first or last, of each element is different.
To
reverse the list, no knowledge is needed of the value of each element in the list.
13. Sorting
To "
sort" is to "
arrange" into "
order" using some "
criteria". In the seventh kingdom parable, the harvest at the end of the age, the "
angels" "
arrange" or "
order" items into "
good" and "
rotten". This is the basic idea of the first iteration of
quicksort that was developed by Tony Hoare in 1959 and published in 1961.
If the "
greatest" and the "
least" are the same
value, then sorting on that
value results in
n! orderings for
n items, all of which are valid
sorts or
arrangements. In such a case, there is no need to ever
sort on that
value.
14. Matthew 11:5-6 Bottom-up forward-chaining
Message of Jesus to John the Baptist (in physical prison):
Matthew 11:5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
| Six noun‑verb pairs decoded |
| 6. |
poor=fallen, beggars |
start |
gospel=good news preached |
|
| 5. |
dead=asleep |
then |
raised=wake up you deadhead |
| 4. |
deaf=not listening |
then |
hear=listen and understand |
repent |
| 3. |
lepers=sinners |
then |
cleansed=be born again, cleansed in the blood |
Ask |
| 2. |
lame=passive |
then |
walk=active start walking in righteousness |
Seek |
| 1. |
blind=not seeing |
then |
sight=look up/ahead and see God & others |
Knock |
The
top-down verses (in English) may be more understandable as a
bottom-up progression (as events unfold in time) using the Greek meanings of the words. Approaches to change: (
stop,
repent, be
cleansed and
walk).
11:6 And blessed is he, who soever shall not be offended in me. [kjv]
… blessid… sclaundrid … [wy]
… happy … offended … [ty]
15. Matthew 11:5-6 Diagram
The ways that six items can be ordered is 6! = 6*5*4*3*2*1 =
720 ways. Of these six items in Matthew 11:6, only two sequences fit - forward or backwards. Is this a coincidence?
Matthew 11:5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
11:6 And blessed is he, who soever shall not be offended in me. [kjv]
16. Probability
The ways that six items can be ordered is
6! =
6*5*4*3*2*1 =
720 ways. Of these six items in Matthew 11:6, only
two sequences fit - forward or backwards. That is, a probability of
1 in
360. There are
360 days in a prophetic year. Is any of this a coincidence?
17. Comparison
Sermon on the Mount:
| 4 |
four foreword sequences (one split) |
| 2 |
two backward sequences |
| 1 |
Lord's Prayer subsequence (self‑similar fractal) |
| 7 |
sequences total |
18. Lord's Prayer in Matthew
19. Alpha and omega in Revelation
Revelation 1:8 I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty. [kjv]
1:11 Saying, I am Alpha and Omega, the first and the last: and, What thou seest, write in a book, and send it unto the seven churches which are in Asia; unto Ephesus, and unto Smyrna, and unto Pergamos, and unto Thyatira, and unto Sardis, and unto Philadelphia, and unto Laodicea. [kjv]
The
TR (Textus Receptus) back-patches parts of later verse into these verses in Revelation.
20. Alpha and omega in Revelation
Revelation 21:6 And he said unto me, It is done. I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end. I will give unto him that is athirst of the fountain of the water of life freely. [kjv]
22:13 I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. [kjv]
εγω το αλφα και το ω ο πρωτος και ο εσχατος η αρχηκαι τοτελος [gnt]
The
TR back-patches parts of these verses into previous verses in Revelation. Some parts of these verses are rearranged in the
TR.
21. Verse model observations
In each verse sequence, the order of six times is reveres. The "
last" shall be "
first" and the "
first" shall be "
last".
The Greek word for "
hidden" as in "
hidden" "
manna" or "
bread" appears only in two places in Matthew, in the kingdom parables.
KP4 : Right after (part of) the Leaven (false doctrine) mixed in with true doctrine. The "false" "dead" "bread".
KP5 : Treasure hid in a field. The "true" "living" "bread".
The "
living" "
bread" is in Matthew 6:11 (step
5 of seven):
Give us tomorrow's bread today. (eternal "living" "bread")
Give us today our daily bread. (the worldly "bread", adjusted by theologians, etc., to be more appropriate)
22. Verse model observations
In each verse sequence, the order of six times is reversed. The "
last" shall be "
first" and the "
first" shall be "
last". There are two verses in Matthew where Jesus states this idea.
Which verses might relate to the following?
"eternal" "life" or "bread"
not "deceiving" oneself as to Christ's message
After the rich young man episode:
Matthew 19:30 But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first. [kjv]
Parable of the vineyard workers:
20:16 So the last shall be first, and the first last: for many be called, but few chosen. [kjv]
23. Graphic summary
The parable of the vineyard workers can be compared with the kingdom parables in Matthew 13.
There are five hours, in a manner similar to five loaves (of bread).
There are the before and after, for two, in a manner similar to the two fish.
24. End of page
Matthew 19:30 But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first. [kjv]
πολλοι δε εσονται πρωτοι εσχατοι και εσχατοι πρωτοι [gnt]
Matthew 6:9 … Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.. [kjv]
6:10 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. [kjv]
6:11 Give us this day our daily bread. [kjv]
6:12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. [kjv]
6:13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. [kjv]
