- *G2974 *14 κωφός (ko-fos') : from G2875; blunted, i.e. (figuratively) of hearing (deaf) or speech (dumb):--deaf, dumb, speechless.
- κωφον *5
- Matthew 9:32 ... behold, they brought to him a dumb man possessed with a devil.
- Matthew 12:22 ... blind, and dumb: and he healed him, insomuch that the blind and dumb both spake ...
- Mark 7:32 And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech ...
- Mark 9:25 ... unto him, Thou dumb and deaf spirit, I charge ...
- Luke 11:14 ... it was dumb. And it came to pass, when the devil was gone out, the dumb spake; and ...
- κωφος *4
- Matthew 9:33 And when the devil was cast out, the dumb spake: and the multitudes ...
- Matthew 12:22 ... blind, and dumb: and he healed him, insomuch that the blind and dumb both spake ...
- Luke 1:22 ... unto them, and remained speechless.
- Luke 11:14 ... it was dumb. And it came to pass, when the devil was gone out, the dumb spake; and ...
- κωφους *3
- Matthew 15:30 ... them those that were lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many ...
- Matthew 15:31 Insomuch that the multitude wondered, when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, ...
- Mark 7:37 ... well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.
- κωφοι *2
- Matthew 11:5 ... the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, ...
- Luke 7:22 ... walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, ...
66. Usage - deaf
|
Words: κωφοι=2 κωφον=5 κωφος=4 κωφους=3
|
*G2974 *14 κωφός (ko-fos') : from G2875; blunted, i.e. (figuratively) of hearing (deaf) or speech (dumb):--deaf, dumb, speechless.
The ancient Greek word
"κωφός" ≈ "dull, mute, deaf". The modern Greek word
"κουφός" (ku-FOS) ≈ "deaf" and whose meaning is influenced by translations of the
GNT.
67. Verse 2
Open my ears that I may hear
voices of truth thou sendest clear,
and while the wave notes fall on my ear,
ev’rything false will disappear.
Silently now I wait for thee,
ready, my God, thy will to see.
Open my ears, illumine me,
Spirit divine!
68. Hearing
Matthew 11:5 … and the deaf hear, … [kjv]
τυφλοι αναβλεπουσιν και χωλοι περιπατουσιν λεπροι καθαριζονται και κωφοι ακουουσιν και νεκροι εγειρονται και πτωχοι ευαγγελιζονται [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"ἀκούω" ≈ "hear" and assumes understanding of what is heard. It is the source of the English word words such as
"acoustic" and is cognate with the English word
"hear" and
"harken".
Note that there are those who "
hear" very well but may not "
listen" well.
69. Listening
Matthew 13:51 Jesus saith unto them, Have ye understood all these things? They say unto him, Yea, Lord. [kjv]
συνηκατε ταυτα παντα λεγουσιν αυτω ναι [gnt]
Man to wife:
No, you're wrong... It doesn't even go in one ear!
- hearing
- listening
Mother to (three) sons:
You can all hear just fine, but you don't listen.
[German voice for
GPS (Global Positioning System) map directions]
70. Amazon Alexa
Matthew 13:51 Jesus saith unto them, Have ye understood all these things? They say unto him, Yea, Lord. [kjv]
συνηκατε ταυτα παντα λεγουσιν αυτω ναι [gnt]
Amazon Echo is a listening and speaking device, with the
Alexa (female) voice, that listens to commands and then does Internet searches, purchases, etc., and responds as if talking to a real person.
Some people worry about security and privacy since Alexa is always listening to what is said.
Why did Amazon use Alexa as a female personality?
They tried a male personality, Alex, but he did not listen to anything.
71. Matthew 15:10-12
Matthew 15:10 And he called the multitude, and said unto them, Hear, and understand: [kjv]
και προσκαλεσαμενος τον οχλον ειπεν αυτοις ακουετε και συνιετε [gnt]
15:11 Not that which goeth into the mouth defileth a man; but that which cometh out of the mouth, this defileth a man. [kjv]
15:12 Then came his disciples, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the Pharisees were offended, after they heard this saying? [kjv]
τοτε προσελθοντες οι μαθηται λεγουσιν αυτω οιδας οτι οι φαρισαιοι ακουσαντες τον λογον εσκανδαλισθησαν [gnt]
The disciples do not say that the Pharisees "
understood" what was said which is what Jesus said two verses earlier. How can one be "
offended" or "
entrapped" by something which one does not understand? Did they perhaps "
misinterpret" or "
misunderstand"?
72. Matthew 11:5 Dead
Matthew 11:5 … the dead are raised up, … [kjv]
τυφλοι αναβλεπουσιν και χωλοι περιπατουσιν λεπροι καθαριζονται και κωφοι ακουουσιν και νεκροι εγειρονται και πτωχοι ευαγγελιζονται [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"νεκρός" ≈ "dead" and is the source of the English word
"necropolis" as a "
city of the dead" or "
cemetery".
Being "
dead" is usually in a literal sense but can be used in a figurative sense as in a "
dead head".
73. Verse 4
Open my mind that I may read
More of thy love in word and deed,
What shall I fear while yet thou dost lead?
Only for light from thee I plead.
Silently now I wait for thee,
ready, my God, thy will to see.
Open my mind, illumine me,
Spirit divine!
74. 1 Thessalonians 4:16 Dead in Christ
1 Thessalonians 4:16 For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first: [kjv]
οτι αυτος ο κυριος εν κελευσματι εν φωνη αρχαγγελου και εν σαλπιγγι θεου καταβησεται απ ουρανου και οι νεκροι εν χριστω αναστησονται πρωτον [gnt]
… iussu … tuba … descendet … mortui … [v]
The ancient Greek word
"νεκρός" ≈ "dead". There are jokes that the "
dead in Christ" are those in the "
denominational churches" as in the "
frozen chosen". That is, "
many are cold", a "
few are frozen".
The Greek for
"trump" is that of a
"trumpet" sound. The Latin word
"tuba" ≈ "war trumpet". The Greek for
"shout" is that of a
"command". That is, God "
declares" or "
says" and it is.
75. 1 Thessalonians 4:16
KJV: For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first:
Greek: οτι αυτος ο κυριος εν κελευσματι εν φωνη αρχαγγελου και εν σαλπιγγι θεου καταβησεται απ ουρανου και οι νεκροι εν χριστω αναστησονται πρωτον
Latin: quoniam ipse Dominus in iussu et in voce archangeli et in tuba Dei descendet de caelo et mortui qui in Christo sunt resurgent primi
76. Matthew 11:5 Raised
Matthew 11:5 … the dead are raised up, … [kjv]
τυφλοι αναβλεπουσιν και χωλοι περιπατουσιν λεπροι καθαριζονται και κωφοι ακουουσιν και νεκροι εγειρονται και πτωχοι ευαγγελιζονται [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"ἐγείρω" ≈ "awaken, raise up, erect a building"`. Jesus often uses the word for "
sleep" as "
dead". He thus, "
awakens" the "
dead" such as Lazarus. The same word is used for a "
lame" person who is "
raised up" to walk.
77. Lazarus
John 11:11 These things said he: and after that he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth; but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep. [kjv]
ταυτα ειπεν και μετα τουτο λεγει αυτοις λαζαρος ο φιλος ημων κεκοιμηται αλλα πορευομαι ινα εξυπνισω αυτον [gnt]
11:13 Howbeit Jesus spake of his death: but they thought that he had spoken of taking of rest in sleep. [kjv]
ειρηκει δε ο ιησους περι του θανατου αυτου εκεινοι δε εδοξαν οτι περι της κοιμησεως του υπνου λεγει [gnt]
11:12 Then said his disciples, Lord, if he sleep, he shall do well. [kjv]
ειπαν ουν οι μαθηται κυριε ει κεκοιμηται σωθησεται [gnt]
11:14 Then said Jesus unto them plainly, Lazarus is dead. [kjv]
τοτε ουν ειπεν αυτοις ο ιησους παρρησια λαζαρος απεθανεν [gnt]
78. John 11:11
KJV: These things said he: and after that he saith unto them, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth; but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep.
Greek: ταυτα ειπεν και μετα τουτο λεγει αυτοις λαζαρος ο φιλος ημων κεκοιμηται αλλα πορευομαι ινα εξυπνισω αυτον
79. John 11:12
KJV: Then said his disciples, Lord, if he sleep, he shall do well.
Greek: ειπον ειπαν ουν οι μαθηται αυτου αυτω κυριε ει κεκοιμηται σωθησεται
80. John 11:14
KJV: Then said Jesus unto them plainly, Lazarus is dead.
Greek: τοτε ουν ειπεν αυτοις ο ιησους παρρησια λαζαρος απεθανεν
81. John 11:13
KJV: Howbeit Jesus spake of his death: but they thought that he had spoken of taking of rest in sleep.
Greek: ειρηκει δε ο ιησους περι του θανατου αυτου εκεινοι δε εδοξαν οτι περι της κοιμησεως του υπνου λεγει
82. Poor and Gospel
Matthew 11:5 … and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
τυφλοι αναβλεπουσιν και χωλοι περιπατουσιν λεπροι καθαριζονται και κωφοι ακουουσιν και νεκροι εγειρονται και πτωχοι ευαγγελιζονται [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"πτωχός" ≈ "beggar" and means, literally, one who has fallen. The ancient Greek word
"πτῶσις" ≈ "falling" and, in grammar, is a case or inflection. The ancient Greek word
"πίπτω" ≈ "fall".
Jesus often refers to the "
poor" as those who are "
fallen" and need the "
Gospel" or "
Good News" which is the source of the English word
"evangelical".
5:3 Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πτωχοι τω πνευματι οτι αυτων εστιν η βασιλεια των ουρανων [gnt]
[good vs. bad]
83. Matthew 5:3
KJV: Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
Greek: μακαριοι οι πτωχοι τω πνευματι οτι αυτων εστιν η βασιλεια των ουρανων
Wessex: Eadige synde þa gastlice þearfan. forþan hyora is heofena riche.
Wycliffe: Blessed ben pore men in spirit, for the kyngdom of heuenes is herne.
84. Romans 3:23 All have sinned
Romans 3:23 For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God; [kjv]
παντες γαρ ημαρτον και υστερουνται της δοξης του θεου [gnt]
If sinners were not allowed in church, there would be no one allowed in church.
The Greek here for
"all" is
plural which means there may be
exceptions. Who might be an exception?
The ancient Greek word
"ἁμαρτία" ≈ "error, mistake, fault, sin" as in, literally,
"not a witness". The Greek for
"glory" is that of
"opinion". Anything that is
"not a witness" for God
"falls short" or
"lags behind" of God's
"opinion" or
"expectation".
In logical reasoning, one should not universally quantify something without specifying the domain to which it applies and how it applies. The "
for all" would appear to refer to "
men" who are not "
God" (as in "
Jesus").
Paraphrase: For all have not been a (good) witness (of God) and not approached the opinion of God
85. Romans 3:23 Glory of God
Romans 3:23 For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God; [kjv]
παντες γαρ ημαρτον και υστερουνται της δοξης του θεου [gnt]
Do we need to come up to the
"glory" of God? Perhaps a pastor could help us with that seemingly unattainable quest.
- "υστερούντα" ≈ "lag behind, be late".
- "δόξα" ≈ "opinion, expectation".
Paraphrase: All (with possible exceptions) have not been a (good) witness (for God) and have lagged behind the opinion/expectation of God.
It appears we do not have to reach the level of God. God has an
expectation/opinion of where we should be and we are
lagging behind that
expectation/opinion. This appears to be in line with Eastern Orthodox thought.
86. Gospel
Matthew 11:5 … and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
τυφλοι αναβλεπουσιν και χωλοι περιπατουσιν λεπροι καθαριζονται και κωφοι ακουουσιν και νεκροι εγειρονται και πτωχοι ευαγγελιζονται [gnt]
Jesus often refers to the "
poor" as those who are "
fallen" and need the "
Gospel" or
"Good News".
What did the police confirm about the man who fell from the roof of a nightclub?
He was not a bouncer.
The ancient Greek word
"εὐαγγελίζομαι" ≈ "bring good news" and is the source of the English word
"evangelical" as in, literally,
"bringing good news".
87. Table
Matthew 11:5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
Six noun‑verb pairs |
1. |
blind |
sight |
2. |
lame |
walk |
3. |
lepers |
cleansed |
4. |
deaf |
hear |
5. |
dead |
raised |
6. |
poor |
gospel |
|
These signs are recognized as "
signs" of the Messiah. Is there a deeper meaning?
Jesus cites six pairs of nouns (representing people) and verbs (representing actions), shortened for table and discussion purposes.
Jesus often uses double meanings here the nouns represent something else while the verbs are carefully chosen. This requires looking at the Greek words in more detail.
88. Parables and secret codes used and explained by Jesus
Jesus often uses
code words so that sayings have more than one meaning.
All the meanings can be true. The encoded (literal) form makes (some) sense and the decoded form makes sense. In general:
- Noun words can be code words. Pronouns can be ambiguous.
- Verb words are carefully chosen to work in both contexts.
By definition, in the security field, a
code word is a word that needs to be substituted with another word (e.g., using a
code book) to determine the meaning. By definition, in the security field, a
secret code is a code whose meaning is to be obscured to anyone without the code book.
So Jesus, by definition, uses
secret codes. However, these codes appear to provide only authentication information (and warnings about certain heresies) but no special salvation knowledge - which is always is clear text.
89. Stair analogy
Jesus appears to use a top-down presentation.
A
stair analogy can be used to help understand
top-down design and
bottom-up implementation.
- The goal is the top of the stairs.
- The start is the bottom of the stairs.
Identifying the
goal is most important! You do not want to climb the wrong stairs to get to the wrong goal.
Implementation:
- Do it: 1 to 2 to 3 to 4 to 5 (same either way)
Design: When it works,
top-down tends to be
better.
- Think bottom-up: 1 then 2 then 3 then 4 then 5 (start forward to goal)
- Think top-down: 5 if 4 if 3 if 2 if 1 (goal backward to start)
Gospels:
- Bottom-up: Matthew, Mark, Luke (goal not clear, a lot of extra material)
- Top-down: John (goal clear, no extra material)
To make the table bottom-up, the pair summary is now presented in reverse order.
90. Top-down backward-chaining
Matthew 11:5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
τυφλοι αναβλεπουσιν και χωλοι περιπατουσιν λεπροι καθαριζονται και κωφοι ακουουσιν και νεκροι εγειρονται και πτωχοι ευαγγελιζονται [gnt]
Six noun‑verb pairs decoded |
1. |
blind=not seeing |
goal |
sight=look up/ahead and see God & others |
Knock |
2. |
lame=passive |
if |
walk=active start walking in righteousness |
Seek |
3. |
lepers=sinners |
if |
cleansed=be born again, washed in the blood |
Ask |
4. |
deaf=not listening |
if |
hear=listen and understand |
repent |
5. |
dead=asleep |
if |
raised=wake up you deadhead |
6. |
poor=fallen |
start |
gospel=good news preached to fallen |
|
The top-down presentation is not understandable to many people.
- Modern (anti-Bible) psychology: unfreeze, change, freeze.
- Bible (and common sense): freeze, change, continue
91. Matthew 11:5-6 Bottom-up forward-chaining
Message of Jesus to John the Baptist (in physical prison):
Matthew 11:5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
Six noun‑verb pairs decoded |
6. |
poor=fallen, beggars |
start |
gospel=good news preached |
|
5. |
dead=asleep |
then |
raised=wake up you deadhead |
4. |
deaf=not listening |
then |
hear=listen and understand |
repent |
3. |
lepers=sinners |
then |
cleansed=be born again, cleansed in the blood |
Ask |
2. |
lame=passive |
then |
walk=active start walking in righteousness |
Seek |
1. |
blind=not seeing |
then |
sight=look up/ahead and see God & others |
Knock |
The
top-down verses (in English) may be more understandable as a
bottom-up progression (as events unfold in time) using the Greek meanings of the words. Approaches to change: (
stop,
repent, be
cleansed and
walk).
11:6 And blessed is he, who soever shall not be offended in me. [kjv]
… blessid… sclaundrid … [wy]
… happy … offended … [ty]
92. Matthew 11:5-6 Diagram
The ways that six items can be ordered is 6! = 6*5*4*3*2*1 =
720 ways. Of these six items in Matthew 11:6, only two sequences fit - forward or backwards. Is this a coincidence?
Matthew 11:5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
11:6 And blessed is he, who soever shall not be offended in me. [kjv]
93. Probability
The ways that six items can be ordered is
6! =
6*5*4*3*2*1 =
720 ways. Of these six items in Matthew 11:6, only
two sequences fit - forward or backwards. That is, a probability of
1 in
360. There are
360 days in a prophetic year. Is any of this a coincidence?
94. Matthew 5:8
KJV: Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God.
Greek: μακαριοι οι καθαροι τη καρδια οτι αυτοι τον θεον οψονται
95. Review of misinterpretations
Matthew 11:5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. [kjv]
11:6 And blessed is he, who soever shall not be offended in me. [kjv]
… blessid… sclaundrid … [wy]
… happy … offended … [ty]
blind |
look up |
lame |
walk |
lepers |
cleansed |
deaf |
hear |
dead |
woken up |
poor |
gospel preached |
|
Having discovered a deeper meaning to Matthew 11:5, how might someone "misinterpret" what Jesus has said?
What should the church be doing?
What should believers be doing?
|
Discuss: Do churches or believers ever get "
ensnared" or "
misinterpret" in helping the poor, the blind, those without clothes, in prison, etc., and lose sight of the real purpose of Jesus? Many of those words used by Jesus have double meanings.
How many are like those picked by Gideon?
96. Repent
The Greek for "
repent" is that of "
thinking after" what one has heard with the resultant change in attitude and behavior. Part of the "
knock" is that of spreading the "
good news" to wake up others so that they hear and understand and get into the "
Ask", "
Seek" and "
Knock" sequence.
97. Think after what you heard and repent
One can compare
"mindful" with the Greek word for
"repent" which literally means
"after thought" as in
"perceiving afterwards". The ancient Greek word
"μετάνοια" ≈ "afterthought, repent".
That is, a
"transition" from what one was thinking "
before" to what one is thinking
"after".
- The ancient Greek word "μετά" ≈ "after".
- The ancient Greek word "νοια" ≈ "mind" as in "nous".
The definition in modern Greek has
narrowed, from influence of
GNT translation, to
"μετάνοια" (meh-TA-nee-a) ≈ "repentance" (in the Latin sense).
If you already know that
"repent" in Greek means
"after thought" then, well, "
never mind".
Note: The first definition is that of "
afterthought". The second is that of "
repentance" but this comes from the
GNT.
98. Discussion
99. Summary table of sheep and goats
Here is the summarized table of conditions for the sheep and goats in Matthew 25 using a one-letter abbreviation for each. How many groupings?
h |
hungry |
gave me food |
t |
thirsty |
gave me drink |
s |
stranger/guest |
took me in |
n |
naked |
clothed me |
w |
sick/weak |
examined me |
p |
prison/confined |
come/go to me |
|
For each condition, the meaning can be one (or all) of the following.
☐ Literal meaning
☐ Figurative meaning (as in Jesus using "sleeping" for "has died" in describing the condition of Lazarus)
☐ Something else
|
Do churches ever "
misinterpret" what Jesus is saying? Some who thought they were doing the right thing were "
surprised". Some who did not do those things were "
surprised" that they had done the right thing.
100. End of page