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Matthew 5:4 Good grief: the consolation prize of comfort
1. Matthew 5:4 Good grief: the consolation prize of comfort
2. Be a Lego piece
Here are some LEGO® jokes that will have you "
in pieces"!
What has four wheels and eats Lego bricks?
A vacuum cleaner. Let go my Lego.
Can a kangaroo jump higher than a tower of Lego bricks?
Yes. The Lego bricks cannot jump. They do have block parties.
3. Legos: Brick Fest Live!
Brick Fest Live!
March 29-30, 2024
A Farm Show and Expo Center
2300 N Cameron St, Harrisburg, PA 17110
Exhibits vary by show Over a million bricks on display and ready for play! See the most life-size models Engage with the most hands-on attractions Build a Guinness World-Record Setting Mosaic Shopping: Hard-to-Find LEGO merchandise! and more! Paid admission is required.
Try to a "be a Lego piece". Lego models are fragile, come apart easily, and are not very resilient to more than minor stresses.
A Lego is like piece of sand. The grains are solid, but the structure is not so solid.
To make buildings resilient, the connection to the foundation needs to be less firm.
Ideas Jesus does
not say: "
power in numbers", "
better together", "
be a leader", "
protect reputations". Jesus actually says the opposite.
4. Crowds and mountains
Matthew 5:1 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into a mountain: and when he was set, his disciples came unto him: [kjv]
ιδων δε τους οχλους ανεβη εις το ορος και καθισαντος αυτου προσηλθαν αυτω οι μαθηται αυτου [gnt]
The
KJV (King James Version) translates as "
into a mountain" what in the Greek is "
into the mountain" (definite article) as a specific but unnamed mountain.
Going or being "επί" ≈ "on" the mountain means going (if necessary) and being "on" the mountain semi-permanently.
Going "εις" ≈ "into, to" the mountain means going "to" and "on" the mountain but only temporarily.
5. Crowds and a private briefing
Matthew 5:1 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into a mountain: and when he was set, his disciples came unto him: [kjv]
ιδων δε τους οχλους ανεβη εις το ορος και καθισαντος αυτου προσηλθαν αυτω οι μαθηται αυτου [gnt]
It appears that Jesus was getting away from the crowds. Jesus had many disciples,
not just the
12 remaining at the end. So the Beatitudes "
teachings" are a private briefing these disciples.
Later, in John 6, Jesus starts to explain his real mission and many stop following him (for the food, healing, etc.). The
12 disciples remain.
6. Matthew 5:3 Summary and paraphrase
Matthew 5:3 Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πτωχοι τω πνευματι οτι αυτων εστιν η βασιλεια των ουρανων [gnt]
beati pauperes spiritu … regnum caelorum [v]
Paraphrase: Happy and content are the fallen who lack and beg for the Holy Spirit of God since the kingdom of heaven is now made available to them.
Who might be the
not "poor" "beggars" be who would
not be
happy if those
"poor" "beggars" now have access to the "
kingdom of heaven" without their "
yoke of oppression"?
How does
your church preach the "
Good News" to the
"poor" "beggars" of the "
Good News" and/or to the
"poor" "destitute"?
7. Greek language translation
The Bible dictionary used by pastors, etc. is often explained away as being a different Greek, the Koine Greek, that the people spoke, with special idioms of Greek. Changes are often attributed to:
☐ Koine Greek being different than Ancient Greek.
☐ Originally written in Aramaic. Koine Greek had many idioms.
☐ English changing over the years.
A problem arises when ancient, medieval and modern Greek, as one continuous language, have the same meaning for the same word but the Koine Greek definition is different and matches the Latin word used to translate that Greek word in the 4th century. This happens with many important words but not so much with less important words. Suspicion arises when the common Greek meaning makes more sense in the Bible text than the English word based on the Latin word.
[Amplified Bible, Berean Bible, Bible Hub]
[language
ambiguity,
preciseness of Greek language fallacy]
8. Matthew 5:4 Good grief: the consolation prize of comfort
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur [v]
The important words in this second Beatitude in Matthew 5 are the following.
"blessed" as "happy" and not "fortunate" (different Greek word).
"mourn" and not "grieve".
"comforted" and not "consoled" (different Greek word).
The first Beatitude is in the
present tense. The second (here) and the others are in the
future tense. This might be important.
The Latin word
"lugeo" ≈ "mourn, lament".
9. Good grief! The consolation prize of comfort
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
When did the Charlie Brown phrase "Good grief" first appear in print in the Peanuts comic strip by Charles Schulz
1952
The phrase is used here because many sermons attempt to make "
grief good" in some sense as a
prescriptive way of applying the Beatitudes to the Christian life.
It appears that the Beatitudes are
descriptive for the "
disciples" and not
prescriptive for the "
others".
After providing
correct definitions, one pastor said that since he could think of anything to be happy about mourning, he would go with other definitions.
10. Matthew 5:4
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur [v]
The Latin Vulgate and Wycliffe (and Wessex Gospels) switch the Beatitude verses for "
mourn" and "
meek". This has been adjusted where needed.
11. Matthew 5:4
KJV: Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted.
Greek: μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται
Latin: beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur
Wycliffe: Blessid ben thei that mornen, for thei schulen be coumfortid.
Tyndale: Blessed are they that morne: for they shalbe conforted.
Luther: Selig sind, die da Leid tragen; denn sie sollen getröstet werden.
12. Matthew 5:4 Blessed
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur [v]
A typical sermon on this Beatitude, and I have heard many, starts as follows.
The
"blessed" is interpreted as
"fortunate" and
not as
"happy" or
"content" or
"satisfied". After providing
correct definitions, one pastor said that since he could think of anything to be happy about mourning, he would go with the other definition.
13. Matthew 5: A eulogy of some blessed words on being blissfully happy
Each of the Beatitudes in Matthew 5 start with the word
"blessed". What does it mean to say someone is "
blessed"?
The Latin word
"beati" ≈ "happy, fortunate, blessed" and is the origin of the English word
"beatitude" and the name of the "
Beatitudes". Latin has
one word as "
fortunate" for which Greek has
two separate words:
"blessed" from the Greek "happy" or "content".
"blessed" from the Greek "good words" as in "eulogy".
Observation: It is easier for a priest, pastor, etc., to wave their hands and
"bless" you than to actually make you
"happy".
In English, both words are merged as one
"blessed" and, historically, conflated with the word "
bliss" which is associated with "
joy".
14. Matthew 5:4 Mourning and comfort
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur [v]
The
mourning is usually assumed to be one of
grief or loss and expounded on at length with many stories. As we shall see, there are two aspects of
"mourning".
Kübler-Ross (
secular descriptive) model (five stages):
denial,
anger,
bargaining,
depression and
acceptance.
The word
"comfort" is usually taken to be that of
"consolation". Pastors will go at great lengths to talk about loss and grief and how one can talk to someone who has such grief.
I have heard many good sermons on
"grief" and
"consolation". This is
not the verse to use. [dancing]
15. Dancing
Given this setup, and the beginning word
"blessed", the pastor will then carefully
dance around words as it is hard to make all of it make sense. Parts that may not make sense are omitted or ignored. One sermon had an interpretive
dance to help with
dancing around the words.
Blaming the rules of a game show for not getting worldly wealth.
Lamenting on the unfairness of a child not being able to live a long life.
Touting Joseph and worldly success as comfort for what was mourning.
The end effect is that one leaves the service wondering about what was the actual point of the sermon.
To address this, there are several question to ask. What does the original text say? How might it be taken? Let us investigate.
16. Matthew 5:4 Mourning
17. Modern Greek
18. Cause of events
Let us use the origin of events that might
cause mourning. These events can be divided into two primary groups.
An event can be of random cause from nature such as old age, an illness, an accident, etc.
An event can be a targeted attack from an intelligent adversary (or evil entity).
Email and phishing analogy:
phishing; broad attack as with a net as in "catch a fish".
spear phishing as in "catch that fish".
A
"harpoon" is better used for a
targeted attack on a
specific fish (the one you are aiming for) than on any fish that might get in the way of the
harpoon.
19. 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17 Rapture
1 Thessalonians 4:16 For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first: [kjv]
4:17 Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord. [kjv]
επειτα ημεις οι ζωντες οι περιλειπομενοι αμα συν αυτοις αρπαγησομεθα εν νεφελαις εις απαντησιν του κυριου εις αερα και ουτως παντοτε συν κυριω εσομεθα [gnt]
… vivimus … relinquimur … rapiemur … nubibus … [v]
The English word
"harpoon" comes from a Greek word meaning
"snatching up" and is the word used for the
"Rapture" in Thessalonians 1. Paul explains this more fully in Thessalonians 2. Jesus refers to the
"rapture" in Matthew and in John.
20. 1 Thessalonians 4:16
KJV: For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first:
Greek: οτι αυτος ο κυριος εν κελευσματι εν φωνη αρχαγγελου και εν σαλπιγγι θεου καταβησεται απ ουρανου και οι νεκροι εν χριστω αναστησονται πρωτον
21. 1 Thessalonians 4:17
KJV: Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord.
Greek: επειτα ημεις οι ζωντες οι περιλειπομενοι αμα συν αυτοις αρπαγησομεθα εν νεφελαις εις απαντησιν του κυριου εις αερα και ουτως παντοτε συν κυριω εσομεθα
Latin: deinde nos qui vivimus qui relinquimur simul rapiemur cum illis in nubibus obviam Domino in aera et sic semper cum Domino erimus
22. What is not said is important
1 Thessalonians 5:8 But let us, who are of the day, be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love; and for an helmet, the hope of salvation. [kjv]
ημεις δε ημερας οντες νηφωμεν ενδυσαμενοι θωρακα πιστεως και αγαπης και περικεφαλαιαν ελπιδα σωτηριας [gnt]
5:9 For God hath not appointed us to wrath, but to obtain salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ, [kjv]
οτι ουκ εθετο ημας ο θεος εις οργην αλλα εις περιποιησιν σωτηριας δια του κυριου ημων ιησου χριστου [gnt]
Isaiah 59:17 For he put on righteousness as a breastplate, and an helmet of salvation upon his head; and he put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, and was clad with zeal as a cloke. [kjv]
59:18 According to their deeds, accordingly he will repay, fury to his adversaries, recompence to his enemies; to the islands he will repay recompence. [kjv]
ως ανταποδωσων ανταποδοσιν ονειδος τοις υπεναντιοις [lxx]
Paul often quotes the
LXX in his letters but what he omits can be more important than what he includes.
23. 1 Thessalonians 5:8
KJV: But let us, who are of the day, be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love; and for an helmet, the hope of salvation.
Greek: ημεις δε ημερας οντες νηφωμεν ενδυσαμενοι θωρακα πιστεως και αγαπης και περικεφαλαιαν ελπιδα σωτηριας
24. 1 Thessalonians 5:9
KJV: For God hath not appointed us to wrath, but to obtain salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ,
Greek: οτι ουκ εθετο ημας ο θεος εις οργην αλλ αλλα εις περιποιησιν σωτηριας δια του κυριου ημων ιησου χριστου
25. Isaiah 59:17
KJV: For he put on righteousness as a breastplate, and an helmet of salvation upon his head; and he put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, and was clad with zeal as a cloke.
Hebrew: וילבש צדקה כשרין וכובע ישועה בראשו וילבש בגדי נקם תלבשת ויעט כמעיל קנאה׃
Greek: και ενεδυσατο δικαιοσυνην ως θωρακα και περιεθετο περικεφαλαιαν σωτηριου επι της κεφαλης και περιεβαλετο ιματιον εκδικησεως και το περιβολαιον
26. Isaiah 59:18
KJV: According to their deeds, accordingly he will repay, fury to his adversaries, recompence to his enemies; to the islands he will repay recompence.
Hebrew: כעל גמלות כעל ישלם חמה לצריו גמול לאיביו לאיים גמול ישלם׃
Greek: ως ανταποδωσων ανταποδοσιν ονειδος τοις υπεναντιοις
27. Luke 13:1-3
28. Luke 13:4-5
One type of
mourning is from events that have (seemingly) natural causes.
Luke 13:4 Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem? [kjv]
η εκεινοι οι δεκα οκτω εφ ους επεσεν ο πυργος εν τω σιλωαμ και απεκτεινεν αυτους δοκειτε οτι αυτοι οφειλεται εγενοντο παρα παντας τους ανθρωπους τους κατοικουντας ιερουσαλημ [gnt]
13:5 I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish. [kjv]
ουχι λεγω υμιν αλλ εαν μη μετανοησητε παντες ωσαυτως απολεισθε [gnt]
The English "
repent" as in
"changed mind" or
"changed behavior" is from the Latin. The Greek is that of
"after thought" as in
"think about this" and
"change" if needed.
Discussion question: What is the meaning of "
perish" as used here? Contrast a physical perish with a spiritual perish.
29. Luke 13:1
KJV: There were present at that season some that told him of the Galilaeans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.
Greek: παρησαν δε τινες εν αυτω τω καιρω απαγγελλοντες αυτω περι των γαλιλαιων ων το αιμα πιλατος εμιξεν μετα των θυσιων αυτων
30. Luke 13:2
KJV: And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they suffered such things?
Greek: και αποκριθεις ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις δοκειτε οτι οι γαλιλαιοι ουτοι αμαρτωλοι παρα παντας τους γαλιλαιους εγενοντο οτι τοιαυτα ταυτα πεπονθασιν
31. Luke 13:3
KJV: I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
Greek: ουχι λεγω υμιν αλλ εαν μη μετανοητε παντες ωσαυτως ομοιως απολεισθε
32. Luke 13:4
KJV: Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem?
Greek: η εκεινοι οι δεκα και οκτω εφ ους επεσεν ο πυργος εν τω σιλωαμ και απεκτεινεν αυτους δοκειτε οτι ουτοι αυτοι οφειλεται εγενοντο παρα παντας τους ανθρωπους τους κατοικουντας εν ιερουσαλημ
33. Luke 13:5
KJV: I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.
Greek: ουχι λεγω υμιν αλλ εαν μη μετανοητε μετανοησητε παντες ομοιως ωσαυτως απολεισθε
34. Matthew 10:28 Soul and body
Matthew 10:28 And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. [kjv]
και μη φοβεισθε απο των αποκτεινοντων το σωμα την δε ψυχην μη δυναμενων αποκτειναι φοβεισθε δε μαλλον τον δυναμενον και ψυχην και σωμα απολεσαι εν γεεννη [gnt]
Jesus tells us who we should
"fear" and it is not
"fear" about the
cares and
concerns of this world. The most dangerous attacks are not from the outside but from the inside and involve
deception.
One cannot "
destroy the soul" by "
killing" the body is in persecution (e.g., by the Roman administrations). The primary way to "
destroy the soul" is through
deception so that you "
sell yourself out" or are "
sold out".
Jesus provides an example in the
next verse.
35. Matthew 10:29-31 Soul and body
36. The world as a stage
Luke 12:48 But he that knew not, and did commit things worthy of stripes, shall be beaten with few stripes. For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required: and to whom men have committed much, of him they will ask the more. [kjv]
It appears that everyone has a role to play, as an actor in a play. Some have big parts, some have small parts. Some have (worldly) successful parts, some have (worldly) painful parts.
37. The world as a stage
This brings to mind the poem of Shakespeare entitled "
All the world's a stage" (from "
As You Like It").
All the world's a stage,
And all the men and women merely players;
They have their exits and their entrances,
And one man in his time plays many parts,
...
38. Luke 12:48
KJV: But he that knew not, and did commit things worthy of stripes, shall be beaten with few stripes. For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required: and to whom men have committed much, of him they will ask the more.
Greek: ο δε μη γνους ποιησας δε αξια πληγων δαρησεται ολιγας παντι δε ω εδοθη πολυ πολυ ζητηθησεται παρ αυτου και ω παρεθεντο πολυ περισσοτερον αιτησουσιν αυτον
39. John 9:1-3
John 9:1 And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man which was blind from his birth. [kjv]
και παραγων ειδεν ανθρωπον τυφλον εκ γενετης [gnt]
9:2 And his disciples asked him, saying, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he was born blind? [kjv]
και ηρωτησαν αυτον οι μαθηται αυτου λεγοντες ραββι τις ημαρτεν ουτος η οι γονεις αυτου ινα τυφλος γεννηθη [gnt]
9:3 Jesus answered, Neither hath this man sinned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be made manifest in him. [kjv]
απεκριθη ιησους ουτε ουτος ημαρτεν ουτε οι γονεις αυτου αλλ ινα φανερωθη τα εργα του θεου εν αυτω [gnt]
Jesus (and his disciples) brings this aspect of role-playing to the attention of the disciples in John 9.
[thieves on the cross, actors on a stage]
40. Actors and pastors
It can be a mixed blessing to have a pastor with an acting background.
Actors speak of things imaginary as if they were real, while you preachers too often speak of things real as if they were imaginary. Thomas Betterton (English actor and theater manager during Restoration England) (1635-1710)
Actors (tend to) take an imaginary world and make it seem real.
Pastors (tend to) take a real world and make it seem imaginary.
With a pastor with an acting background, it can be hard at times to separate reality from fiction.
41. John 9:1
KJV: And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man which was blind from his birth.
Greek: και παραγων ειδεν ανθρωπον τυφλον εκ γενετης
42. John 9:2
KJV: And his disciples asked him, saying, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he was born blind?
Greek: και ηρωτησαν αυτον οι μαθηται αυτου λεγοντες ραββι τις ημαρτεν ουτος η οι γονεις αυτου ινα τυφλος γεννηθη
43. John 9:3
KJV: Jesus answered, Neither hath this man sinned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be made manifest in him.
Greek: απεκριθη ο ιησους ουτε ουτος ημαρτεν ουτε οι γονεις αυτου αλλ ινα φανερωθη τα εργα του θεου εν αυτω
44. Talents
Matthew 25:28 Take therefore the talent from him, and give it unto him which hath ten talents. [kjv]
αρατε ουν απ αυτου το ταλαντον και δοτε τω εχοντι τα δεκα ταλαντα [gnt]
25:29 For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath. [kjv]
τω γαρ εχοντι παντι δοθησεται και περισσευθησεται του δε μη εχοντος και ο εχει αρθησεται απ αυτου [gnt]
In the parable of the talents (omitted) one can see that not all "
talents" (the origin of that word) are the same.
Everyone has a role and different roles are provided a level of "
talent" appropriate to that role.
45. Matthew 25:28
KJV: Take therefore the talent from him, and give it unto him which hath ten talents.
Greek: αρατε ουν απ αυτου το ταλαντον και δοτε τω εχοντι τα δεκα ταλαντα
46. Matthew 25:29
KJV: For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath.
Greek: τω γαρ εχοντι παντι δοθησεται και περισσευθησεται απο δε του δε μη εχοντος και ο εχει αρθησεται απ αυτου
47. Thieves on the cross
Luke 23:33 And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the other on the left. [kjv]
23:39 And one of the malefactors which were hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us. [kjv]
23:40 But the other answering rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation? [kjv]
23:41 And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss. [kjv]
23:42 And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. [kjv]
23:43 And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise. [kjv]
Discussion question: What might have been the life roles for each of the
thieves on either side of Jesus during the crucifixion?
48. Luke 23:33
KJV: And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the other on the left.
Greek: και οτε απηλθον ηλθαν επι τον τοπον τον καλουμενον κρανιον εκει εσταυρωσαν αυτον και τους κακουργους ον μεν εκ δεξιων ον δε εξ αριστερων
49. Luke 23:39
KJV: And one of the malefactors which were hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us.
Greek: εις δε των κρεμασθεντων κακουργων εβλασφημει αυτον λεγων ει ουχι συ ει ο χριστος σωσον σεαυτον και ημας
50. Luke 23:40
KJV: But the other answering rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation?
Greek: αποκριθεις δε ο ετερος επετιμα επιτιμων αυτω λεγων εφη ουδε φοβη συ τον θεον οτι εν τω αυτω κριματι ει
51. Luke 23:41
KJV: And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss.
Greek: και ημεις μεν δικαιως αξια γαρ ων επραξαμεν απολαμβανομεν ουτος δε ουδεν ατοπον επραξεν
52. Luke 23:42
KJV: And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom.
Greek: και ελεγεν τω ιησου μνησθητι μου κυριε οταν ελθης εν τη βασιλεια εις την βασιλειαν σου
53. Luke 23:43
KJV: And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise.
Greek: και ειπεν αυτω ο ιησους αμην λεγω σοι λεγω σημερον μετ εμου εση εν τω παραδεισω
54. Job 1:12 Mourning from targeted attack
Let us look at some examples of
targeted attacks where the victim was
unjustly wronged. Let us look at Satan and Job where God allows Satan to do what is unjust. Does God allow us to do what is unjust?
Job 1:12 And the LORD said unto Satan, Behold, all that he hath is in thy power; only upon himself put not forth thine hand. So Satan went forth from the presence of the LORD. [kjv]
τοτε ειπεν ο κυριος τω διαβολω ιδου παντα οσα εστιν αυτω διδωμι εν τη χειρι σου αλλα αυτου μη αψη και εξηλθεν ο διαβολος παρα του κυριου [lxx]
Job went on to endure great suffering. That is a story for another time.
[Herod killing the young children at Bethlehem]
55. Job 1:12
KJV: And the LORD said unto Satan, Behold, all that he hath is in thy power; only upon himself put not forth thine hand. So Satan went forth from the presence of the LORD.
Hebrew: ויאמר יהוה אל השטן הנה כל אשר לו בידך רק אליו אל תשלח ידך ויצא השטן מעם פני יהוה׃
Greek: τοτε ειπεν ο κυριος τω διαβολω ιδου παντα οσα εστιν αυτω διδωμι εν τη χειρι σου αλλα αυτου μη αψη και εξηλθεν ο διαβολος παρα του κυριου
56. Luke 22:31-32 Targeted attack
Luke 22:31 And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat: [kjv]
σιμων σιμων ιδου ο σατανας εξητησατο υμας του σινιασαι ως τον σιτον [gnt]
… cribraret … triticum [v]
… riddrede … hwaete. [wes]
… ridile … whete… [wy]
22:32 But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren. [kjv]
εγω δε εδεηθην περι σου ινα μη εκλιπη η πιστις σου και συ ποτε επιστρεψας στηρισον τους αδελφους σου [gnt]
Many people will fault Peter for denying Christ. What did Jesus say before it happened? This was a targeted attack. Peter went through great grief though he did not endure physical harm.
The Old English word
"riddrede" ≈ "sieve, sift" and the Middle English word
"ridile" ≈ "sieve, sift" is now the English word "
riddle" is in to "
riddle" with holes.
57. Luke 22:31
KJV: And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat:
Greek: ειπεν δε ο κυριος σιμων σιμων σιμων ιδου ο σατανας εξητησατο υμας του σινιασαι ως τον σιτον
Latin: ait autem Dominus Simon Simon ecce Satanas expetivit vos ut cribraret sicut triticum
Wessex: Ða cwaeð drihten. symon symon nu sathanas gyrnde þaet he eow riddrede swa swa hwaete.
Wycliffe: And the Lord seide to Symount, Symount, lo, Satanas hath axid you, that he schulde ridile as whete; but Y haue preyede for thee,
58. Luke 22:32
KJV: But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren.
Greek: εγω δε εδεηθην περι σου ινα μη εκλειπη εκλιπη η πιστις σου και συ ποτε επιστρεψας στηριξον στηρισον τους αδελφους σου
59. Matthew 2:16-17 Rama
In Matthew Herod has the infants of Bethlehem killed.
Matthew 2:16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men. [kjv]
2:17 Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, [kjv]
Matthew appears to start with many associations. He soon appears to give up on them and just reports what Jesus said, did, etc.
60. Matthew 2:16
KJV: Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men.
Greek: τοτε ηρωδης ιδων οτι ενεπαιχθη υπο των μαγων εθυμωθη λιαν και αποστειλας ανειλεν παντας τους παιδας τους εν βηθλεεμ και εν πασιν τοις οριοις αυτης απο διετους και κατωτερω κατα τον χρονον ον ηκριβωσεν παρα των μαγων
61. Matthew 2:18
Matthew 2:18 In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not. [kjv]
φωνη εν ραμα ηκουσθη κλαυθμος και οδυρμος πολυς ραχηλ κλαιουσα τα τεκνα αυτης και ουκ ηθελεν παρακληθηναι οτι ουκ εισιν [gnt]
Rama was one of the departure points for those deported to Babylon, the last place where mothers might see their sons.
For many, this exile was their new home. Most settled there and never returned. Eventually, everyone needs to depart this world.
[peaceful exportation - Daniel, friends, etc.]
[less peaceful exportation - general population]
[70 years, many never returned, Hebrew to Aramaic, Bethlehem of Ephrata]
For many, this exile was their new home. Most settled there and never returned.
62. Strongs - mourning
- *G3602 *0 ὀδυρμός (od-oor-mos') : from a derivative of the base of G1416; moaning, i.e. lamentation:--mourning.
- οδυρμος
- Matthew 2:18 ... weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her ...
- οδυρμον
- 2 Corinthians 7:7 ... your earnest desire, your mourning, your fervent mind toward ...
63. Usage - mourning
*G3602 *0 ὀδυρμός (od-oor-mos') : from a derivative of the base of G1416; moaning, i.e. lamentation:--mourning.
 |
Words: οδυρμον οδυρμος
|
64. 2 Corinthians 7:7
2 Corinthians 7:7 And not by his coming only, but by the consolation wherewith he was comforted in you, when he told us your earnest desire, your mourning, your fervent mind toward me; so that I rejoiced the more. [kjv]
ου μονον δε εν τη παρουσια αυτου αλλα και εν τη παρακλησει η παρεκληθη εφ υμιν αναγγελλων ημιν την υμων επιποθησιν τον υμων οδυρμον τον υμων ζηλον υπερ εμου ωστε με μαλλον χαρηναι [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"ὀδύρομαι" ≈ "wail, weep, lament for" .
The
KJV translates as "
fervent" what in the Greek is "
zealous" as in competing with others for the same goal.
65. 2 Corinthians 7:7
KJV: And not by his coming only, but by the consolation wherewith he was comforted in you, when he told us your earnest desire, your mourning, your fervent mind toward me; so that I rejoiced the more.
Greek: ου μονον δε εν τη παρουσια αυτου αλλα και εν τη παρακλησει η παρεκληθη εφ υμιν αναγγελλων ημιν την υμων επιποθησιν τον υμων οδυρμον τον υμων ζηλον υπερ εμου ωστε με μαλλον χαρηναι
66. Consolation as going beyond a nice story
There is
different Greek word for "
comfort" as in
"console".
John 11:19 And many of the Jews came to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother. [kjv]
πολλοι δε εκ των ιουδαιων εληλυθεισαν προς την μαρθαν και μαριαμ ινα παραμυθησωνται αυτας περι του αδελφου [gnt]
One meaning of "
comfort" is
"consolation" as in
"telling a nice story".
The ancient Greek word
"παραμύθιο" ≈ "console" which comes from
"πάρα" ≈ "beyond" and
"μῦθος" ≈ "story".
In humanistic terms, consoling someone is that of saying something that goes beyond a story (and is not always true).
The modern Greek word
"παραμύθι" (pa-ra-MEE-thee) ≈ "folk tale".
67. Going beyond the prefix para
The Greek prefix
"para" appears to mean
"beyond" and
not "parallel" which is the sense often used in English. The ancient Greek word
"παρά" ≈ "beyond", although some prefer the meaning of "
beside" because of the influence of Euclid's definition of a parallel line as a line
"beyond" another line in a plane such that the lines never touch.
From Euclid, a parallel line is a line just like another line in a plane, not that line, that is
"beyond" that line (from either direction) and never touches that line.
Some Greek words that make better sense using
"beyond" rather than "
parallel" include "
parable" and "
paradox".
68. Mythical stories about history
2 Timothy 4:4 And they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables. [kjv]
και απο μεν της αληθειας την ακοην αποστρεψουσιν επι δε τους μυθους εκτραπησονται [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"μῦθος" ≈ "speech, story" with the idea that what is said or told is more false than true. There is no consensus as to the origin of this word. In Greek, there were (at least) two types of explanations of previous events: myth and history.
A "myth" was a story that was more false than true.
A "history" was a story that was more true than false.
In the mid 1800's, this distinction went binary as either almost completely true or completely false.
The same words are connected to the Latin
"fable", the Greek "
parable", the Spanish
"hablar" (speak) the French "
Parlez" (speak) and the English "
history".
69. John 11:19
KJV: And many of the Jews came to Martha and Mary, to comfort them concerning their brother.
Greek: και πολλοι δε εκ των ιουδαιων εληλυθεισαν προς τας περι την μαρθαν και μαριαν μαριαμ ινα παραμυθησωνται αυτας περι του αδελφου αυτων
Latin: multi autem ex Iudaeis venerant ad Martham et Mariam ut consolarentur eas de fratre suo
Wessex: Manega þare iudea comen to martham & to marian. þaet hyo woldan hyo frefrian for heora broðer þingan.
Wycliffe: And many of the Jewis camen to Mary and Martha, to coumforte hem of her brothir.
Luther: Und viel Juden waren, zu Martha und Maria kommen, sie zu trösten über ihren Bruder.
70. Corinthians
1 Corinthians 14:3 But he that prophesieth speaketh unto men to edification, and exhortation, and comfort. [kjv]
ο δε προφητευων ανθρωποις λαλει οικοδομην και παρακλησιν και παραμυθιαν [gnt]
… aedificationem … exhortationem … consolationes [v]
… edificacioun… monestyng… coumfortyng. [wy]
71. 1 Corinthians 14:3
KJV: But he that prophesieth speaketh unto men to edification, and exhortation, and comfort.
Greek: ο δε προφητευων ανθρωποις λαλει οικοδομην και παρακλησιν και παραμυθιαν
Latin: nam qui prophetat hominibus loquitur aedificationem et exhortationem et consolationes
Wycliffe: For he that prophecieth, spekith to men to edificacioun, and monestyng, and coumfortyng.
Luther: Wer aber weissaget, der redet den Menschen zur Besserung und zur Ermahnung und zur Tröstung.
72. Philippians 2:1 Comfort of love
Philippians 2:1 If there be therefore any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any bowels and mercies, [kjv]
ει τις ουν παρακλησις εν χριστω ει τι παραμυθιον αγαπης ει τις κοινωνια πνευματος ει τις σπλαγχνα και οικτιρμοι [gnt]
si … consolatio … solacium … societas … viscera … miserationes [v]
Paul uses
both words in the same verse in Philippians 2:1.
"Consolation" in "Christ" as "Holy Spirit".
"Comfort" of "love" as "beyond a nice story".
73. Philippians 2:1
KJV: If there be therefore any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any bowels and mercies,
Greek: ει τις ουν παρακλησις εν χριστω ει τι παραμυθιον αγαπης ει τις κοινωνια πνευματος ει τινα τις σπλαγχνα και οικτιρμοι
Latin: si qua ergo consolatio in Christo si quod solacium caritatis si qua societas spiritus si quid viscera et miserationes
Wycliffe: Therfor if ony coumfort is in Crist, if ony solace of charite, if ony felouschipe of spirit, if ony inwardnesse of merci doyng,
74. Matthew 5:4 Comfort
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur [v]
Another type of
"comfort" is the word used in the second Beatitude.
The ancient Greek word
"παρακληθήσονται" ≈ "comfort" and, as we will see, comes in (at least) two varieties - one for each category of mourning.
This same word is the basis for the
"comforter" or
"Holy Spirit".
75. The Holy Ghost as comforter
John 14:26 But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you. [kjv]
ο δε παρακλητος το πνευμα το αγιον ο πεμψει ο πατηρ εν τω ονοματι μου εκεινος υμας διδαξει παντα και υπομνησει υμας παντα α ειπον υμιν εγω [gnt]
paracletus … Spiritus Sanctus … [v]
The ancient Greek word
"παράκλητος" ≈ "advocate" as in the Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost. The ancient Greek word
"πνεῦμα" ≈ "air, wind, breath, life, spirit, soul" where the exact meaning depends on context. The Latin word
"spiritus" ≈ "spirit".
The "
all"
"things" is that of "
everything that you need to know" (as you need it).
In
PIE (Proto Indo-European) languages, the words "
ghost" and "
guest" are cognate. A "
ghost" or "
guest" can be either friendly or not friendly, as in (cartoon character) Casper the friendly ghost.
76. Modern Greek
77. John 14:26
KJV: But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.
Greek: ο δε παρακλητος το πνευμα το αγιον ο πεμψει ο πατηρ εν τω ονοματι μου εκεινος υμας διδαξει παντα και υπομνησει υμας παντα α ειπον υμιν εγω
Latin: paracletus autem Spiritus Sanctus quem mittet Pater in nomine meo ille vos docebit omnia et suggeret vobis omnia quaecumque dixero vobis
Wessex: Se halge frofre gast þe se faeder sent on minan naman eow laerð ealle þing. & he laerð eow ealle þa þing. þe ic eow segge.
Tyndale: But that coforter which is the holy gost (whom my father will sende in my name) he shall teache you all thinges and bringe all thinges to youre remembraunce whatsoever I have tolde you.
78. Comforter in John
John 14:26 But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you. [kjv]
ο δε παρακλητος το πνευμα το αγιον ο πεμψει ο πατηρ εν τω ονοματι μου εκεινος υμας διδαξει παντα και υπομνησει υμας παντα α ειπον υμιν εγω [gnt]
paracletus … Spiritus Sanctus … [v]
15:26 But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me: [kjv]
οταν ελθη ο παρακλητος ον εγω πεμψω υμιν παρα του πατρος το πνευμα της αληθειας ο παρα του πατρος εκπορευεται εκεινος μαρτυρησει περι εμου [gnt]
16:7 Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you. [kjv]
αλλ εγω την αληθειαν λεγω υμιν συμφερει υμιν ινα εγω απελθω εαν γαρ μη απελθω ο παρακλητος ου μη ελθη προς υμας εαν δε πορευθω πεμψω αυτον προς υμας [gnt]
79. John 15:26
KJV: But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me:
Greek: οταν δε ελθη ο παρακλητος ον εγω πεμψω υμιν παρα του πατρος το πνευμα της αληθειας ο παρα του πατρος εκπορευεται εκεινος μαρτυρησει περι εμου
Latin: cum autem venerit paracletus quem ego mittam vobis a Patre Spiritum veritatis qui a Patre procedit ille testimonium perhibebit de me
80. John 16:7
KJV: Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you.
Greek: αλλ εγω την αληθειαν λεγω υμιν συμφερει υμιν ινα εγω απελθω εαν γαρ μη απελθω ο παρακλητοςουκ ελευσεται ου μη ελθη προς υμας εαν δε πορευθω πεμψω αυτον προς υμας
Latin: sed ego veritatem dico vobis expedit vobis ut ego vadam si enim non abiero paracletus non veniet ad vos si autem abiero mittam eum ad vos
81. Song: Morning has broken
Mark 16:2 And very early in the morning the first day of the week, they came unto the sepulchre at the rising of the sun. [kjv]
και λιαν πρωι μιας τη μια @CZ(t=[ των ]) σαββατων ερχονται επι το μνημειον ανατειλαντος του ηλιου [gnt]
Eleanor Farjeon (1881-1965), London, had been "
asked to make a poem to fit the lovely Scottish tune" which became "
Morning has broken". (Wikipedia)
The song was made popular by pop musician and folk singer Cat Stevens from his 1971 album (reached #6 on the Billboard Hot 100)
82. Verse 1
Morning has broken
Like the first morning,
Blackbird has spoken
Like the first bird.
Praise for the singing!
Praise for the morning!
Praise for them, springing
Fresh from the Word!
83. Matthew 5:4 Mourning has broken
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur [v]
Let us return to the Greek word used for mourning in the second Beatitude.
As a play on words of the original song "
Morning has broken", here mourning has been
broken into two causes:
natural causes
targeted attacks
The ancient Greek
prefix "πενθούντ" ≈ "mourn" that is in the second Beatitude (repeated here) appears
two other times in the
GNT (in Revelation) and
once in the
LXX (in Isaiah). This may be important.
84. Strongs - mourning
- *G3996 *10 πενθέω (pen-theh'-o) : from G3997; to grieve (the feeling or the act):--mourn, (be-)wail.
- πενθουντες *3
- Matthew 5:5 Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth.
- Revelation 18:15 ... torment, weeping and wailing,
- Revelation 18:19 ... cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, ...
- πενθουσιν *2
- Mark 16:10 ... had been with him, as they mourned and wept.
- Revelation 18:11 ... of the earth shall weep and mourn over her; for ...
- πενθειν
- Matthew 9:15 ... Can the children of the bridechamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom ...
- πενθησετε
- Luke 6:25 ... that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
- επενθησατε
- 1 Corinthians 5:2 ... puffed up, and have not rather mourned, that he that hath done ...
- πενθησω
- 2 Corinthians 12:21 ... among you, and that I shall bewail many which have sinned already, ...
- πενθησατε
- James 4:9 Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let ...
85. Usage - mourning
*G3996 *10 πενθέω (pen-theh'-o) : from G3997; to grieve (the feeling or the act):--mourn, (be-)wail.
 |
Words: επενθησατε πενθειν πενθησατε πενθησετε πενθησω πενθουντες=3 πενθουσιν=2
|
The exact form of the Greek
«πενθουντες» appears
3 times in the
GNT. Here and twice in Revelation. A minor change to the ending as
«πενθουντας» appears
1 time in the
LXX in Isaiah. This may be important.
86. Vengeance
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
Isaiah 61:2 To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn; [kjv]
… לנחם … אבלים [he]
καλεσαι ενιαυτον κυριου δεκτον και ημεραν ανταποδοσεως παρακαλεσαι παντας τους πενθουντας [lxx]
Since the Greek words are the same in Luke 4, Matthew 5 and Isaiah 61, the exact Hebrew words used in Isaiah 61 for "
mourn" and "
comfort" may be important.
The
"day of vengeance" is also known as the
"day of recompense" as in some getting their "
just desserts". Backwards, "
desserts" is "
stressed".
87. Isaiah 61:2
KJV: To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn;
Hebrew: לקרא שנת רצון ליהוה ויום נקם לאלהינו לנחם כל אבלים׃
Greek: καλεσαι ενιαυτον κυριου δεκτον και ημεραν ανταποδοσεως παρακαλεσαι παντας τους πενθουντας
Latin: ut praedicarem annum placabilem Domini et diem ultionis Deo nostro ut consolarer omnes lugentes
88. Revelation 18:15,19
Revelation 18:15 The merchants of these things, which were made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and wailing, [kjv]
οι εμποροι τουτων οι πλουτησαντες απ αυτης απο μακροθεν στησονται δια τον φοβον του βασανισμου αυτης κλαιοντες και πενθουντες [gnt]
18:19 And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, that great city, wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea by reason of her costliness! for in one hour is she made desolate. [kjv]
και εβαλον χουν επι τας κεφαλας αυτων και εκραξαν κλαιοντες και πενθουντες λεγοντες ουαι ουαι η πολις η μεγαλη εν η επλουτησαν παντες οι εχοντες τα πλοια εν τη θαλασση εκ της τιμιοτητος αυτης οτι μια ωρα ηρημωθη [gnt]
In these last two verses, those who suffered loss feel they were unjustly wronged. Were they unjustly wronged?
How can this be done in
one hour? [technology statements in the Bible]
89. Revelation 18:15
KJV: The merchants of these things, which were made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and wailing,
Greek: οι εμποροι τουτων οι πλουτησαντες απ αυτης απο μακροθεν στησονται δια τον φοβον του βασανισμου αυτης κλαιοντες και πενθουντες
90. Revelation 18:19
KJV: And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, that great city, wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea by reason of her costliness! for in one hour is she made desolate.
Greek: και εβαλον χουν επι τας κεφαλας αυτων και εκραζον εκραξαν κλαιοντες και πενθουντες λεγοντες ουαι ουαι η πολις η μεγαλη εν η επλουτησαν παντες οι εχοντες τα πλοια εν τη θαλασση εκ της τιμιοτητος αυτης οτι μια ωρα ηρημωθη
91. Isaiah 61:2
92. Isaiah 61:3
Isaiah 61:3 To appoint unto them that mourn in Zion, to give unto them beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness; that they might be called trees of righteousness, the planting of the LORD, that he might be glorified. [kjv]
לשום לאבלי … [he]
δοθηναι τοις πενθουσιν σιων δοξαν αντι σποδου αλειμμα ευφροσυνης τοις πενθουσιν καταστολην δοξης αντι πνευματος ακηδιας και κληθησονται γενεαι δικαιοσυνης φυτευμα κυριου εις δοξαν [lxx]
The Hebrew word "לשום" (la-sum) ≈ "console".
The Hebrew word "לאבלי" (la-a-be-le) ≈ "mourners".
There appears to be a difference between
"console" and
"comfort".
The
KJV translates the word for
"console" as
"appoint".
93. Isaiah 61:3
KJV: To appoint unto them that mourn in Zion, to give unto them beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness; that they might be called trees of righteousness, the planting of the LORD, that he might be glorified.
Hebrew: לשום לאבלי ציון לתת להם פאר תחת אפר שמן ששון תחת אבל מעטה תהלה תחת רוח כהה וקרא להם אילי הצדק מטע יהוה להתפאר׃
Greek: δοθηναι τοις πενθουσιν σιων δοξαν αντι σποδου αλειμμα ευφροσυνης τοις πενθουσιν καταστολην δοξης αντι πνευματος ακηδιας και κληθησονται γενεαι δικαιοσυνης φυτευμα κυριου εις δοξαν
Latin: ut ponerem lugentibus Sion et darem eis coronam pro cinere oleum gaudii pro luctu pallium laudis pro spiritu maeroris et vocabuntur in ea fortes iustitiae plantatio Domini ad glorificandum
94. Similarity
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
Isaiah 61:2 To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn; [kjv]
… לנחם … אבלים [he]
καλεσαι ενιαυτον κυριου δεκτον και ημεραν ανταποδοσεως παρακαλεσαι παντας τους πενθουντας [lxx]
Isaiah 61:1 uses the same words for "
spirit" and "
poor" as in the first Beatitude in Matthew 5:3 and as in the reading by Jesus in Luke in Luke 4:18.
The second Beatitude in Matthew 5:4 uses the same words for "
mourn" and "
comfort" as does Isaiah 61:2, the point after which Jesus stops reading.
This may be important.
95. Luke 4:18-21
Luke 4:18 The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised, [kjv]
πνευμα κυριου επ εμε ου εινεκεν εχρισεν με ευαγγελισασθαι πτωχοις απεσταλκεν με κηρυξαι αιχμαλωτοις αφεσιν και τυφλοις αναβλεψιν αποστειλαι τεθραυσμενους εν αφεσει [gnt]
4:19 To preach the acceptable year of the Lord. [kjv]
κηρυξαι ενιαυτον κυριου δεκτον [gnt]
4:20 And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on him. [kjv]
και πτυξας το βιβλιον αποδους τω υπηρετη εκαθισεν και παντων οι οφθαλμοι εν τη συναγωγη ησαν ατενιζοντες αυτω [gnt]
… plicuisset librum … ministro … [v]
… þa boc be-feold … þeigne … [wes]
… closid the book… mynystre… [wy]
… enrollando el libro… ministro… [es]
4:21 And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears. [kjv]
ηρξατο δε λεγειν προς αυτους οτι σημερον πεπληρωται η γραφη αυτη εν τοις ωσιν υμων [gnt]
96. Isaiah 61:1-2
In Luke 4, Jesus reads from Isaiah in the synagogue and then sits to teach a short lesson. Here is the passage from Isaiah.
Isaiah 61:1 The Spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me; because the LORD hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound; [kjv]
πνευμα κυριου επ εμε ου εινεκεν εχρισεν με ευαγγελισασθαι πτωχοις απεσταλκεν με ιασασθαι τους συντετριμμενους τη καρδια κηρυξαι αιχμαλωτοις αφεσιν και τυφλοις αναβλεψιν [lxx]
61:2 To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn; [kjv]
καλεσαι ενιαυτον κυριου δεκτον και ημεραν ανταποδοσεως παρακαλεσαι παντας τους πενθουντας [lxx]
The
KJV uses
"meek" but the
LXX, used by Jesus and Matthew, uses
"poor" as in those
"begging".
Jesus stopped after reading the "
acceptable year of the Lord". The part omitted was that of the "
Avenger of Blood". This appears to be the purpose of what is revealed in Revelation.
Jesus was coming only to fulfill the first part. The second part would have to wait until later. This is not what the people wanted to hear.
97. Isaiah 63:4
In Luke 4 and Isaiah 61:
Jesus reads about his first coming.
Jesus stops and says that this is now fulfilled.
Jesus has come as Messiah and Kinsman Redeemer (first coming).
The people are upset. They wanted a King.
That part, from Isaiah, awaits the second coming.
Jesus will come as King and Avenger of Blood (second coming).
Will those righteous wronged unjustly be avenged?
Isaiah 63:4 For the day of vengeance is in mine heart, and the year of my redeemed is come. [kjv]
ημερα γαρ ανταποδοσεως επηλθεν αυτοις και ενιαυτος λυτρωσεως παρεστιν [lxx]
dies … ultionis … [v]
98. Isaiah 63:4
KJV: For the day of vengeance is in mine heart, and the year of my redeemed is come.
Hebrew: כי יום נקם בלבי ושנת גאולי באה׃
Greek: ημερα γαρ ανταποδοσεως επηλθεν αυτοις και ενιαυτος λυτρωσεως παρεστιν
Brenton: For the day of recompence has come upon them, and the year of redemption is at hand.
Latin: dies enim ultionis in corde meo annus redemptionis meae venit
99. Romans 12:19 Vengeance
Romans 12:19 Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord. [kjv]
μη εαυτους εκδικουντες αγαπητοι αλλα δοτε τοπον τη οργη γεγραπται γαρ εμοι εκδικησις εγω ανταποδωσω λεγει κυριος [gnt]
Since ancient times, there have always been those who "
mourn" for the loss of loved ones, etc. After the arrival of the "
Holy Spirit" and the resulting persecutions of Christians by the Romans, there were many believers and survivors that "
mourned" in those days.
How will those believers and survivors who were persecuted for their beliefs be "
comforted"? Whenever we are wronged unjustly, we are not to take
vengeance. We are to turn the other cheek. That is, "
suffer" as in being "
passive".
100. Review: Parable of the unjust judge
Luke 18:2 Saying, There was in a city a judge, which feared not God, neither regarded man: [kjv]
18:3 And there was a widow in that city; and she came unto him, saying, Avenge me of mine adversary. [kjv]
18:5 Yet because this widow troubleth me, I will avenge her, lest by her continual coming she weary me. [kjv]
18:7 And shall not God avenge his own elect, which cry day and night unto him, though he bear long with them? [kjv]
18:8 I tell you that he will avenge them speedily. Nevertheless when the Son of man cometh, shall he find faith on the earth? [kjv]
God appears to be the "judge". The widow appears to be the "elect".
The "toil" with a "purpose" is that of "crying" day and night to God.
The delay of "avenging" of the "judge" appears to be waiting until the right moment.
The "coming" appears to be the "second coming" of Jesus.
101. Romans 12:19
KJV: Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.
Greek: μη εαυτους εκδικουντες αγαπητοι αλλα δοτε τοπον τη οργη γεγραπται γαρ εμοι εκδικησις εγω ανταποδωσω λεγει κυριος
102. Revelation 6:9-11
Revelation 6:9 And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of them that were slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held: [kjv]
και οτε ηνοιξεν την πεμπτην σφραγιδα ειδον υποκατω του θυσιαστηριου τας ψυχας των εσφαγμενων δια τον λογον του θεου και δια την μαρτυριαν ην ειχον [gnt]
6:10 And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth? [kjv]
6:11 And white robes were given unto every one of them; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season, until their fellowservants also and their brethren, that should be killed as they were, should be fulfilled. [kjv]
Who did the slaying of those souls?
☐ World (
hates the followers of Jesus)
☐ Church (Would they ever become like the world?)
103. Revelation 6:9
KJV: And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of them that were slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held:
Greek: και οτε ηνοιξεν την πεμπτην σφραγιδα ειδον υποκατω του θυσιαστηριου τας ψυχας των εσφαγμενων δια τον λογον του θεου και δια την μαρτυριαν ην ειχον
104. Revelation 6:10
KJV: And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?
Greek: και εκραζον εκραξαν φωνη μεγαλη λεγοντες εως ποτε ο δεσποτης ο αγιος και ο αληθινος ου κρινεις και εκδικεις το αιμα ημων απο εκ των κατοικουντων επι της γης
105. Revelation 6:11
KJV: And white robes were given unto every one of them; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season, until their fellowservants also and their brethren, that should be killed as they were, should be fulfilled.
Greek: και εδοθησαν εκαστοις στολαι λευκαι εδοθη αυτοις εκαστω στολη λευκη και ερρεθη αυτοις ινα αναπαυσωνται αναπαυσονται ετι χρονον μικρον εως ου πληρωσονται πληρωθωσιν και οι συνδουλοι αυτων και οι αδελφοι αυτων οι μελλοντες αποκτεινεσθαι αποκτεννεσθαι ως και αυτοι
106. Matthew 5:4 Review
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
There is
no "consolation" prize of
"comfort" for unjust wrongs that result in
"mourning".
Here is one possible interpretation of the second Beatitude that attempts to keep the original meaning of the Greek (and Hebrew) words.
Paraphrase: Happy and content are those that mourn because of being wronged unjustly for they shall be comforted, in the last days by being avenged by the Avenger of Blood, and comforted now, given the Holy Spirit.
Those who has done the wrong (persecution, etc.) against the "
righteous" throughout history would
not be
"happy" about that avenging (later) or by the
"comfort" of the
Holy Spirit.
☐ World (
hates the followers of Jesus)
☐ Church (Would they ever become like the world?)
107. Revelation 6:15-17
Revelation 6:15 And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains; [kjv]
και οι βασιλεις της γης και οι μεγιστανες και οι χιλιαρχοι και οι πλουσιοι και οι ισχυροι και πας δουλος και ελευθερος εκρυψαν εαυτους εις τα σπηλαια και εις τας πετρας των ορεων [gnt]
6:16 And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb: [kjv]
και λεγουσιν τοις ορεσιν και ταις πετραις πεσατε εφ ημας και κρυψατε ημας απο προσωπου του καθημενου επι του θρονου και απο της οργης του αρνιου [gnt]
6:17 For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand? [kjv]
οτι ηλθεν η ημερα η μεγαλη της οργης αυτων και τις δυναται σταθηναι [gnt]
[city on a mountain cannot hide]
108. Revelation 6:14
KJV: And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places.
Greek: και ο ουρανος απεχωρισθη ως βιβλιον ειλισσομενον ελισσομενον και παν ορος και νησος εκ των τοπων αυτων εκινηθησαν
109. Revelation 6:15
KJV: And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains;
Greek: και οι βασιλεις της γης και οι μεγιστανες και οι πλουσιοι χιλιαρχοι και οι χιλιαρχοι πλουσιοι και οι δυνατοι ισχυροι και πας δουλος και πας ελευθερος εκρυψαν εαυτους εις τα σπηλαια και εις τας πετρας των ορεων
110. Revelation 6:16
KJV: And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb:
Greek: και λεγουσιν τοις ορεσιν και ταις πετραις πεσετε πεσατε εφ ημας και κρυψατε ημας απο προσωπου του καθημενου επι του θρονου και απο της οργης του αρνιου
111. Revelation 6:17
KJV: For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand?
Greek: οτι ηλθεν η ημερα η μεγαλη της οργης αυτου αυτων και τις δυναται σταθηναι
112. Martin Luther
Question to Martin Luther:
What would you do if you knew the Lord were coming back tomorrow?
I would plant a tree.
113. Historical interpretation of church history
1 Churches
2 Parables
3 Beatitudes
4 Time periods
| Interpretations |
| ☐ Literal |
☐ Christian living |
| ☐ Figurative |
☐ Heresies over time |
| ☐ Historical |
☐ Prophetic details |
|
Note that the time of Roman persecutions was that of the universal church as a collection of small "mustard seeds" while the time of Roman acceptance was that of the universal church as "tree with birds making a home in the branches".
|
114. Matthew 5:5 Grounds for meekly inheriting humble pie
Matthew 5:5 Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πραεις οτι αυτοι κληρονομησουσιν την γην [gnt]
beati mites … possidebunt terram [v]
The important word here are the following:
"blessed",
"meek",
"inherit",
"earth".
Whatever
"meek" means, both
Jesus and
Moses are described as
"meek".
☐ The
"earth" as now exits.
☐ The
new heaven and
new "earth".
The Latin Vulgate and Wycliffe (and Wessex Gospels) switch the verses for "
mourn" and "
meek". This has been adjusted in the verses as used.
115. End of page
Matthew 5:4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. [kjv]
μακαριοι οι πενθουντες οτι αυτοι παρακληθησονται [gnt]
beati qui lugent quoniam ipsi consolabuntur [v]
Luke 13:1 There were present at that season some that told him of the Galilaeans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices. [kjv]
παρησαν δε τινες εν αυτω τω καιρω απαγγελλοντες αυτω περι των γαλιλαιων ων το αιμα πιλατος εμιξεν μετα των θυσιων αυτων [gnt]
13:2 And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galilaeans were sinners above all the Galilaeans, because they suffered such things? [kjv]
και αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις δοκειτε οτι οι γαλιλαιοι ουτοι αμαρτωλοι παρα παντας τους γαλιλαιους εγενοντο οτι ταυτα πεπονθασιν [gnt]
13:3 I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish. [kjv]
ουχι λεγω υμιν αλλ εαν μη μετα2νοητε παντες ομοιως απολεισθε [gnt]
Matthew 10:29 Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing? and one of them shall not fall on the ground without your Father. [kjv]
ουχι δυο στρουθια ασσαριου πωλειται και εν εξ αυτων ου πεσειται επι την γην ανευ του πατρος υμων [gnt]
10:30 But the very hairs of your head are all numbered. [kjv]
υμων δε και αι τριχες της κεφαλης πασαι ηριθμημεναι εισιν [gnt]
10:31 Fear ye not therefore, ye are of more value than many sparrows. [kjv]
μη ουν φοβεισθε πολλων στρουθιων διαφερετε υμεις [gnt]
Isaiah 61:2 To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn; [kjv]
… לנחם … אבלים [he]
καλεσαι ενιαυτον κυριου δεκτον και ημεραν ανταποδοσεως παρακαλεσαι παντας τους πενθουντας [lxx]
