- *G527 *2 ἀπαλός (ap-al-os') : of uncertain derivation; soft:--tender.
- απαλος *2
- Matthew 24:32 ... branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ...
- Mark 13:28 ... branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ...
29. Mark 13:28
KJV: Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When her branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is near:
Greek: απο δε της συκης μαθετε την παραβολην οταν αυτης ηδη ο κλαδος αυτης απαλος γενηται και εκφυη τα φυλλα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς το θερος εστιν
30. Luke 21:29-30
Luke 21:29 And he spake to them a parable; Behold the fig tree, and all the trees; [kjv]
και ειπεν παραβολην αυτοις ιδετε την συκην και παντα τα δενδρα [gnt]
21:30 When they now shoot forth, ye see and know of your own selves that summer is now nigh at hand. [kjv]
οταν προβαλωσιν ηδη βλεποντες αφ εαυτων γινωσκετε οτι ηδη εγγυς το θερος εστιν [gnt]
What people remembered and told Luke tends to be more literal, lacks the context and intricate detail and play on words in Matthew, and, in the literal sense, tends to be embellished with additional details.
Luke includes "
all" the "
trees", not just the
"fig tree". Does this destroy the model of what Jesus says as recorded by Matthew?
31. Luke 21:29
KJV: And he spake to them a parable; Behold the fig tree, and all the trees;
Greek: και ειπεν παραβολην αυτοις ιδετε την συκην και παντα τα δενδρα
32. Luke 21:30
KJV: When they now shoot forth, ye see and know of your own selves that summer is now nigh at hand.
Greek: οταν προβαλωσιν ηδη βλεποντες αφ εαυτων γινωσκετε οτι ηδη εγγυς το θερος εστιν
33. Luke 21:31-32
Luke 21:31 So likewise ye, when ye see these things come to pass, know ye that the kingdom of God is nigh at hand. [kjv]
ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε ταυτα γινομενα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν η βασιλεια του θεου [gnt]
21:32 Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass away, till all be fulfilled. [kjv]
αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ου μη παρελθη η γενεα αυτη εως αν παντα γενηται [gnt]
Is the "
all" everything and everything or just the "
all" that has been described in the Olivet Discourse?
Luke does not have the "
door" as a play on words with "
beast".
Luke has decided that "
these things" relate to the "
kingdom" of "
God" being "
near" or "
at hand".
34. Luke 21:31
KJV: So likewise ye, when ye see these things come to pass, know ye that the kingdom of God is nigh at hand.
Greek: ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε ταυτα γινομενα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν η βασιλεια του θεου
35. Luke 21:32
KJV: Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass away, till all be fulfilled.
Greek: αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ου μη παρελθη η γενεα αυτη εως αν παντα γενηται
36. Matthew 21:17 Bethany
Matthew 21:17 And he left them, and went out of the city into Bethany; and he lodged there. [kjv]
και καταλιπων αυτους εξηλθεν εξω της πολεως εις βηθανιαν και ηυλισθη εκει [gnt]
Let us return to the
curse of the
"fig tree" in Matthew. This happens early in the crucifixion week. The city (on a hill) is Jerusalem.
A city on a mountain cannot be hid. This is not in a good sense.
37. Matthew 5: Review
Matthew 5:14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid. [kjv]
υμεις εστε το φως του κοσμου ου δυναται πολις κρυβηναι επανω ορους κειμενη [gnt]
Whatever
"definition" or
"mountain" on which the
"city" or
"many" tries to be
"hidden", they cannot
"hide" - for better or worse. Here is a paraphrase of the last part of the verse using the play on words.
Paraphrase:
It is not possible for the many to hide themselves (negative sense) on top of (worldly) mountain/empire/definition and remain/abide there (past their worldly existence).
How hard is it to get someone down off a "mountain"?
How hard is it to get someone down off a "definition"? (same Greek word)
Aristotle covers how that the starting point in refuting invalid logic is to precisely
define the meanings of the words used.
It appears that the "
you are the light of the world" can be in a good sense or in a not so good sense. What type of
"light" does the "
world" desire?
38. Matthew 21:17
KJV: And he left them, and went out of the city into Bethany; and he lodged there.
Greek: και καταλιπων αυτους εξηλθεν εξω της πολεως εις βηθανιαν και ηυλισθη εκει
39. Matthew 21:18 Hungry for meaning
Matthew 21:18 Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered. [kjv]
πρωι δε επαναγαγων εις την πολιν επεινασεν [gnt]
How did the disciples know that Jesus was "
hungry"? The disciples do not have a good track record of making accurate inferences. Matthew probably wrote this as an explanation of what happened next. The other Gospels appear to make the same inference.
If Jesus were hungry, could he not have turned water into wine, or done some other miracle. Note that there is no record of Jesus eating anything in the near future following this episode.
40. Human nature
One sees what one wants to see when there is in mind a pre-conceived notion. Hal Hellman.
[The emperor's new clothes, the emperor has no clothes - Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale, 1837]
It is human nature to see patterns and attribute causes where those causes are not clear. This happens all the time in the news.
... and today, stocks went up/down amid rumors, happenings, <insert your idea here>, etc. The idea is to make one think that there is a causal effect when there is none.
The disciples
attribute what Jesus does to "
hunger" as a causal effect rather than a correlation with another cause.
It appears, rather, that Jesus is using the upcoming
"fig tree" episode as a multi-verse teaching lesson.
41. Stock prices: Bull and bear markets
A commonly heard statement on the nightly news is something to the effect that, "
Stocks went up amid rumors that ...". People like to have reasons why things happened even if those reasons are not true.
Is there a causal relationship between stocks going up and some other event? Maybe. Maybe not.
Variations in the stock market are often better explained as the result of
statistical fluctuation and not of
causal relationships.
Bear market: downturn
Bull market: upturn
Both words are four letters and start with "
B".
42. Stock prices: Bull and bear markets
The
Bulls and Bears: The great Wall St. Game was a board game from 1883.
The terms "
bear" and "
bull" in regards to economic trends appears to have started in the 1700's in London
Exchange Alley in terms of trading (e.g., bear skins, etc.).
The "bears" short-sold bear skins before catching the bear.
The "bulls" bought shares on credit.
Both terms were recorded in Thomas Mortimer's 1761 book
Every man his own broker.
"Bulls" who bought on credit would go looking for buyers.
"Bears" sought shares to close their short positions.
More information is on Wikipedia under
Market Trend.
43. Matthew 21:18
Matthew 21:18 Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered. [kjv]
πρωι δε επαναγαγων εις την πολιν επεινασεν [gnt]
The famous atheist/agnostic and mathematician Bertrand Russel, in his book Why I am not a Christian, uses this episode of being hungry and cursing the fig tree as one example of why he is not a Christian. (reference needed).
Bart Ehrman, the noted Greek scholar who renounced his faith and cited this episode among many reason why he left the faith. When he did so, he sold a lot of books and his professional worldly career in academia accelerated as the world likes to promote critics of God and the Bible. (reference needed). One should be careful about trying to out-love the world.
44. Matthew 21:18
KJV: Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered.
Greek: πρωιας πρωι δε επαναγων επαναγαγων εις την πολιν επεινασεν
45. Matthew 21:19 Fig trees
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
The
ancient Greek word
"συκέα" ≈ "fig tree". Another form is
"συκή" ≈ "fig tree" which is the same as the
modern Greek word
"συκή" (see-KEE) ≈ "fig tree" .
Is it
your fig? Go
fig your! Greek allows the word order to change with the same meaning. This makes play on words possible that do not work well in English. Do you want
your example about
figs? Go
figure it out yourself.
46. Matthew 21:19 Fruit
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
A
strawberry plant that survives the
winter may continue to grow the next year. But without blooms and bees to cross-pollinate, there will be no "
fruit". That's a
berry important thing to remember.
47. Matthew 21:19 Dry up
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
The Greek verb inflection (ending) of
"dried up" has the Greek word for
"blossom" in it as a play on words.
"εξηρανθη" ≈ "dried up, withered".
"ἄνθος" ≈ "blossom, bloom" which is the source of the English word "anthology".
What exactly
"dried up"?
48. Matthew 21:19 Play on words
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
Matthew, in adding connecting commentary does not appear to add play on words. There is a play on words at the end of the verse.
"η συκη" ≈ "the fig tree".
"ἡσυχία" ≈ "peace, silence, stillness, rest".
Greek word order:
... and dried up immediately the fig tree.
... and dried up immediately peace/silence.
Did the
peace or
silence of the journey from Bethany to Jerusalem
dry up with this event at the
fig tree?
49. Matthew 21:19 Fig-mulberry trees
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
At that time, there were many trees in the area. According to Luke, Zacchaeus had climbed a tree to see Jesus. If you are not familiar with that story, you should
Luke into it!
50. Zacchaeus and the sycamore tree
Luke 19:4 And he ran before, and climbed up into a sycomore tree to see him: for he was to pass that way. [kjv]
και προδραμων εις το εμπροσθεν ανεβη επι συκομορεαν ινα ιδη αυτον οτι εκεινης ημελλεν διερχεσθαι [gnt]
The sycamore tree that Zacchaeus climbs in Luke 19 is
not a (modern)
sycamore tree but a type of
"fig tree" that has leaves like a
"mulberry tree". It is sometimes called a
"fig-mullberry tree".
Did Jesus call down
fruit from the
"fig-mullberry tree"?
51. Luke 19:4
KJV: And he ran before, and climbed up into a sycomore tree to see him: for he was to pass that way.
Greek: και προδραμων εις το εμπροσθεν ανεβη επι συκομωραιαν συκομορεαν ινα ιδη αυτον οτι δι εκεινης ημελλεν διερχεσθαι
52. Strongs - fig-mulberry tree
*G4807 *1 συκάμινος (soo-kam'-ee-nos) : of Hebrew origin (8256) in imitation of G4809 συκομωραία; a sycamore-fig tree:--sycamine tree.
*G4808 *16 συκῆ (soo-kay') : from G4810 σῦκον; a fig-tree:--fig tree.
*G4809 *1 συκομωραία (soo-kom-o-rah'-yah) : from G4810 σῦκον and moron (the mulberry); the "sycamore"-fig tree:--sycamore tree. Compare G4807 συκάμινος.
*G4810 *4 σῦκον (soo'-kon) : apparently a primary word; a fig:--fig.
 |
Words: συκα=3 συκαμινω συκη=6 συκην=6 συκης=4 συκομορεαν συκων
|
53. Matthew 21:19 Trees
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
Some 40 years later, the Romans would cut down every tree within some 10 miles during the siege and destruction of Jerusalem and the temple. Those trees would not grow back until after 1948 when Israel came back into the land as a nation - in one day.
54. Josephus: The Jewish War.
Josephus relates the following in his work
The Jewish War, book 6, chapter 1, section 5.
English: And now the Romans, although they were greatly distressed in getting together their materials, raised their banks in one and twenty days; after they had cut down all the trees that were in the country that adjoined to the city: and that for ninety furlongs round about; as I have already related.
Greek: Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ καίτοι πολλὰ περὶ τὴν τῆς ὕλης συγκομιδὴν ταλαιπωρούμενοι τὰ χώματα διήγειραν μιᾷ καὶ εἴκοσιν ἡμέραις, κείραντες, ὡς προείρηται, τὴν περὶ τὸ ἄστυ χώραν ἐπ᾽ ἐνενήκοντα σταδίους ἐν κύκλῳ πᾶσαν.
Measurements: 90 furlongs (English) is 90 stadia (Greek) is about 10 miles (English).
55. Josephus: The Jewish War.
Josephus continues in his work
The Jewish War, book 6, chapter 1, section 6.
English: And truly the very view itself of the country was a melancholy thing. For those places which were before adorned with trees, and pleasant gardens, were now become a desolate country every way; and its trees were all cut down.
Greek: ἦν δ᾽ ἐλεεινὴ καὶ τῆς γῆς ἡ θέα: τὰ γὰρ πάλαι δένδρεσι καὶ παραδείσοις κεκοσμημένα τότε πανταχόθεν ἠρήμωτο καὶ περικέκοπτο τὴν ὕλην,
In that dry and arid desert climate, those trees would not grow back.
56. Matthew 21:19 Fig trees
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
The
"fig tree" appears to represent Israel in Judea at the time. They were not an empire or
"mountain", but had a human hierarchy
"tree" in the religious establishment and those working with the Romans (mostly against the people).
Israel or Judea as the
"fig tree" with "
no fruit" will "
dry up" in 70 AD with the destruction of the temple.
(rulers as a root)
57. Foxes and birds and nests
Jesus mentions foxes and birds together and connects a
"fox" with "
Herod" using the derogatory word for the hybrid of a fox and dog. Herod was not a "
root" (ruler of a tree) in himself so Herod had to settle with a "
nest" next to the tree and root.
Matthew 8:20 And Jesus saith unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head. [kjv]
και λεγει αυτω ο ιησους αι αλωπεκες φωλεους εχουσιν και τα πετεινα του ουρανου κατασκηνωσεις ο δε υιος του ανθρωπου ουκ εχει που την κεφαλην κλινη [gnt]
Luke 13:31 The same day there came certain of the Pharisees, saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: for Herod will kill thee. [kjv]
εν αυτη τη ωρα προσηλθαν τινες φαρισαιοι λεγοντες αυτω εξελθε και πορευου εντευθεν οτι ηρωδης θελει σε αποκτειναι [gnt]
13:32 And he said unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to day and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected. [kjv]
και ειπεν αυτοις πορευθεντες ειπατε τη αλωπεκι ταυτη ιδου εκβαλλω δαιμονια και ιασεις αποτελω σημερον και αυριον και τη τριτη τελειουμαι [gnt]
Jesus did not come to "
reside" in the tree of the law. He came to "
reside" with sinners so they could be saved. The "
reside" is often mistranslated as "
destroy" or "
abolish", etc.
58. Matthew 21:19 No fruit into the ages
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
There was no
"fruit" on the "
tree". No
"fruit" would grow on that "
tree". The Greek translated as "
for ever" is that of, literally, "
into the ages".
If the "
tree" is Israel, and each of the people in Israel die and are replaced, is it the
same Israel? This is the "
Ship of Theseus" paradox. After leaving Egypt, Israel would enter the promised land. But, all but two, would be replaced.
59. Change and the beginning of existence
There is a saying that "
the only constant is change".
This is often attributed to
Heraclitus of Ephesus (Ancient Greek philosopher) (from Plato) as "
everything changes and nothing remains stil,2l; and you cannot step twice into the same stream."Saying:
No man ever steps in the same river twice, for it's not the same river and he's not the same man. Heraclitus of Ephesus
When, exactly, are two things "equal"?
When did something begin to "exist"?
What caused that something to begin to "exist"?
Example paradox: ship of Theseus
What about digital copies? What about military units and soldiers, naval ships and crews, sports teams and players, etc.? How about the universe?
60. Matthew 21:19
KJV: And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away.
Greek: και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη
61. Matthew 21:19 Leaf it alone
Matthew 21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην μιαν επι της οδου ηλθεν επ αυτην και ουδεν ευρεν εν αυτη ει μη φυλλα μονον και λεγει αυτη ου μηκετι εκ σου καρπος γενηται εις τον αιωνα και εξηρανθη παραχρημα η συκη [gnt]
The Greek word for "
leaves" is the same word as the Greek word for "
tribes" as in the "
tribes" of Israel.
Has Jesus talked before about removing "
leaves" or
"twigs" so that one cannot bear
"fruit"?
This was part of the Sermon on the Mount having to do with
"twigs" or
"motes" and
"beams", but the play on word correspondence is often missed.
62. Matthew 7:3-5 Beams and motes: the devil is in the details
Matthew 7:3 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye? [kjv]
7:4 Or how wilt thou say to thy brother, Let me pull out the mote out of thine eye; and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye? [kjv]
7:5 Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye. [kjv]
The Greek word for "
hypocrite" meant "
pretending" or "
acting" as an
actor. There is a play on words of
"mote" or
"twig" with
"fruit" and of
"beam" with
"expectation" or
"delusion". One should not even be looking at the possible
"twig" but, rather, on what one oneself is to be doing for Jesus.
63. Paraphrase for the religious institutions
Matthew 7:3 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye? [kjv]
7:4 Or how wilt thou say to thy brother, Let me pull out the mote out of thine eye; and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye? [kjv]
7:5 Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye. [kjv]
Paraphrase:
Before you as a religious authority take away the ability of the people to bear fruit, as in loving their neighbor (as themselves), rethink your expectations/delusions of what God actually says. Then you will clearly see that you should love both God and your neighbor (as yourself).
As such, the religious establishment had paralyzed the people such that they could not do what God desires - love God and your neighbor. Does this happen today? First, let us add some justification to the definitions used.
64. Expectations
65. Beams and twigs
"κάρφος" ≈ "twig, splinter"
"καρπός" ≈ "fruit"
This "
pun" like similarity supports the idea that in the
"beam" and
"twig" (or
"mote") in Matthew 7, the "
beam" represents an expectation while the
"twig" represents
"fruit" or ability to bear fruit (twig needed).
66. Paraphrase for the religious institutions
Matthew 7:3 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye? [kjv]
7:4 Or how wilt thou say to thy brother, Let me pull out the mote out of thine eye; and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye? [kjv]
7:5 Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye. [kjv]
Paraphrase:
Before you as a religious authority take away the ability of the people to bear fruit, as in loving their neighbor (as themselves), rethink your expectations/delusions of what God actually says. Then you will clearly see that you should love both God and your neighbor (as yourself).
As such, the religious establishment had paralyzed the people such that they could not do what God desires - love God and your neighbor. Does this happen today? First, let us add some justification to the definitions used.
67. Strongs - immediately
*G3916 *18 παραχρῆμα (par-akh-ray'-mah) : from G3844 and G5536 (in its original sense); at the thing itself, i.e. instantly:--forthwith, immediately, presently, straightway, soon.
 |
Words: παραχρημα=18
|
The ancient Greek word
"παραχρῆμα" ≈ "at once, immediately" and comes from two Greek words.
"παρά" ≈ "beyond", not (modern) "parallel" as in "beside".
"χρῆμα" ≈ "need, want, goods, property, thing, matter".
It is not clear how the meaning comes from the constituent parts.
68. Matthew 21:20 Immediately
Matthew 21:20 And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away ! [kjv]
και ιδοντες οι μαθηται εθαυμασαν λεγοντες πως παραχρημα εξηρανθη η συκη [gnt]
The disciples notice. Peter will notice again on the way back, in Mark.
The ancient Greek word
"παραχρῆμα" ≈ "at once, immediately" and comes from two Greek words.
"παρά" ≈ "beyond", not (modern) "parallel" as in "beside".
"χρῆμα" ≈ "need, want, goods, property, thing, matter".
It is not clear how the meaning comes from the constituent parts.
[Book: The Tipping Point]
69. Strongs - dry up
*G3583 *15 ξηραίνω (xay-rah'-ee-no) : from G3584 ξηρός; to desiccate; by implication, to shrivel, to mature:--dry up, pine away, be ripe, wither (away).
*G3584 *8 ξηρός (xay-ros') : from the base of G3582 (through the idea of scorching); arid; by implication, shrunken, earth (as opposed to water):--dry land, withered.
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Words: εξηραμμενην=2 εξηρανεν εξηρανθη=10 εξηρανται ξηρα ξηραινεται ξηραν=4 ξηρας ξηρω ξηρων
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The ancient Greek word
"εξηρανθη" ≈ "dried up, withered".
The ancient Greek word
"ἄνθος" ≈ "blossom, bloom" which is the source of the English word
"anthology".
70. Matthew 21:20 Dry it again
Matthew 21:20 And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away ! [kjv]
και ιδοντες οι μαθηται εθαυμασαν λεγοντες πως παραχρημα εξηρανθη η συκη [gnt]
As a play on words, the Greek word for
"blossom" is embedded in the word for
"dry up" or
"withered" (in the case of plants).
"εξηρανθη" ≈ "dried up, withered".
"ἄνθος" ≈ "blossom, bloom".
Jesus uses this exact word in Matthew only here and in the rocky part of the parable of the sower and the seed.
How would this "
tree" appear again? Will they
dry it again? How about the parable of the mustard seeds and the tree and the birds making nests in the tree?
71. Matthew 13:31-32 KP3 Parable of the mustard seed
Matthew 13:31 Another parable put he forth unto them, saying, The kingdom of heaven is like to a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and sowed in his field: [kjv]
13:32 Which indeed is the least of all seeds: but when it is grown, it is the greatest among herbs, and becometh a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in the branches thereof. [kjv]
The
"mustard seed" :
is not the "smallest" of all "seeds".
is not the "greatest" of all "herbs".
grows into a bush, not a tree.
The
"birds" do
not (usually) nest in small bushes. Are the
"birds" good? What is a
"mustard seed"? What does a
"tree" represent?
The
KJV translates as
"least" the Greek word that means
"smallest". There is another Greek word for "
least".
72. Matthew 21:20
KJV: And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away !
Greek: και ιδοντες οι μαθηται εθαυμασαν λεγοντες πως παραχρημα εξηρανθη η συκη
73. Matthew Move a mountain
Matthew 17:20 And Jesus said unto them, Because of your unbelief: for verily I say unto you, If ye have faith as a grain of mustard seed, ye shall say unto this mountain, Remove hence to yonder place; and it shall remove; and nothing shall be impossible unto you. [kjv]
If Rome is considered a
"mountain", as in an "
empire", then
Constantine, through
"faith", did "
move" the
"mountain" of
Rome to
Constantinople.
Less than 200 years later, Western Roman Empire (Rome) fell into the sea.
In 1452, the Eastern Roman Empire (Constantinople) was conquered.
74. Matthew 21:21 Mountain into the sea
Matthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
αποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν εαν εχητε πιστιν και μη διακριθητε ου μονον το της συκης ποιησετε αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται [gnt]
If
Constantine (and Rome) did not divide, as
"through division" or
"discernment", translated
"doubt" in the
KJV, into east and west, that entire
"mountain" could have been moved into the
"sea".
75. Play on words
76. Matthew 21:21 Doubt and discernment
Matthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
The
KJV uses
"doubt" but the Greek word is
"discern" as in
"through division". Does this make sense?
The Greek word for "
throw" used by Jesus has the Greek word for "
oblivion" in it as a play on words.
That is, "
If you do not discern, you can do this...". You better be careful. If you do not
"discern" you might do something that may not be good. Might this happen if your faith is lacking? What if you "
over-think" it?
77. Aristotle: one and many
In his
Sophistic Refutations where he deals with false reasoning, Aristotle describes the fallacy made in some translations for what Paul said. The one as "
you" is obscured by the "
many" in the list and the "
us" in the verse.
English: In fallacies connected with accident the deception is due to inability to distinguish the identical and the different, the one and the many, and what kinds of predicates have all the same accidents as their subject. (Loeb #400, p. 45)
Greek: Τῶν δὲ παρὰ τὸ συμβεβηκὸς διὰ τὸ μὴ δύνασθαι διακρίνειν τὸ ταὐτὸν καὶ τὸ ἕτερον, καὶ ἓν καὶ πολλά, μηδὲ τοῖς ποίοις τῶν κατηγορημάτων πάντα ταὐτὰ καὶ τῷ πράγματι συμβέβηκεν. [189b]
The Greek word for "
different" used by Aristotle is the same word used by Paul for "
other (different)". The word for
"distinguish" is sometimes translated as
"doubt" in the
GNT (Greek New Testament).
78. Aristotle: Meteorology
The ancient Greek word
"διάκρινω" ≈ "separate, distinguish, discern"
Aristotle uses this word often in his work
Meteorologica. In this case, the
"through separation" is that of
"evaporation" or
"separation of elements".
English: ... then it must be air and the water that surrounds the earth - for vapour is evaporated water. (Loeb #397, p. 19)
Greek: ...λείπεται δ' ἀέρος καὶ τοῦ περὶ τὴν γῆν πᾶσαν ὕδατος· ἡ γὰρ ἀτμὶς ὕδατος διάκρισίς ἐστιν. [340b]
79. Matthew 21:21
Matthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
αποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν εαν εχητε πιστιν και μη διακριθητε ου μονον το της συκης ποιησετε αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται [gnt]
How might this "mountain" as an empire be lifted and thrown into oblivion/forgetfulness in the sea?
How might this "mountain" as an definition be lifted and thrown into oblivion/forgetfulness in the sea?
Would they be
oblivious to such happenings?
80. Matthew 21:21 Translation issues
Matthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
αποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν εαν εχητε πιστιν και μη διακριθητε ου μονον το της συκης ποιησετε αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται [gnt]
There are some translation issues in this verse: "
faith", "
doubt", "
removed".
The translation issues arise, in part, from basing the English translation on the Latin Vulgate and the meanings decided by the Latin rather than the meaning of the Greek words at the time they were spoken.
81. Matthew 21:21
Matthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
αποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν εαν εχητε πιστιν και μη διακριθητε ου μονον το της συκης ποιησετε αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται [gnt]
The Greek word
82. Matthew 21:21 Belief in faith
Matthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
αποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν εαν εχητε πιστιν και μη διακριθητε ου μονον το της συκης ποιησετε αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται [gnt]
The
KJV, as usual, translates as "
faith" the Greek word that means "
belief" or "
persuasion". Through the Latin, translators have decided they know what Jesus (and Paul, etc.) mean and use "
faith" or "
belief" as they see fit.
Jesus does not say on whom or what the "
belief" or "
persuasion" rests. A good candidate in this context is that of oneself as in "
mammon".
83. Matthew 21:21 Discerning the doubt
Matthew 21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
Does what Jesus say have anything to do with "
doubt"? The
KJV, through the Latin, has "
doubt". The Greek word is that of "
discerning" as in, literally, "
through separation".
84. Matthew 21:21
KJV: Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done.
Greek: αποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν εαν εχητε πιστιν και μη διακριθητε ου μονον το της συκης ποιησετε αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται
85. Moving translation bias
Matthew 17:20 … ye shall say unto this mountain, Remove hence to yonder place; and it shall remove; and nothing shall be impossible unto you. [kjv]
… ερειτε τω ορει τουτω μεταβα ενθεν εκει και μεταβησεται και ουδεν αδυνατησει υμιν [gnt]
21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
… αλλα καν τω ορει τουτω ειπητε αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν γενησεται [gnt]
The Greek word used
twice in Matthew 17:20 means
"move". The word in Matthew 21:21 means
"lifted up" not "moved".
Does it make sense for a "mountain" to be "lifted up" rather than "moved"?
Does it make sense for a "definition" to be "lifted up" rather than "moved"?
The translation is one verse effects the translation of a
different word in
another verse. The "
re" prefix in English means to
do and
not to
repeat. If you think the "
re" means
repeat, then you should
research that (do it - for the first time).
86. Translation
What happened to the
"lifted up" in the Greek in the
NIV (New International Version)?
NIV:
Jesus replied, Truly I tell you, if you have faith and do not doubt, not only can you do what was done to the fig tree, but also you can say to this mountain, ‘Go, throw yourself into the sea,’ and it will be done.
NLT (New Living Translation):
Then Jesus told them, I tell you the truth, if you have faith and don’t doubt, you can do things like this and much more. You can even say to this mountain, ‘May you be lifted up and thrown into the sea,’ and it will happen.
Berean Literal Bible:
And Jesus answering said to them, Truly I say to you, if you have faith and not do doubt, you will do not only this of the fig tree, but even if you should say to this mountain, 'Be you taken away and be you cast into the sea,' it will come to pass.
87. Matthew 21:22 Translation issues
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
There are some translation issues in this verse:
"all things", "
whatsoever", "
believing", "
receive".
The translation issues arise, in part, from basing the English translation on the Latin Vulgate and the meanings decided by the Latin rather than the meaning of the Greek words at the time they were spoken.
[ARMS, you need sufficient faith]
88. Matthew 21:22 All
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
The Greek for
"all" requires a context to supply a domain of application. The "
things" is
added. Might the
"all" refer to what was just said.
The ancient Greek word
"πᾶς" ≈ "all, every".
In the plural this would be as a "complete" unit with possible exceptions.
In the singular, it is "each", "every", "all" of the domain that fits the context.
In
general, when the Greek
"all" is used, inspect the preceding context to determine the
appropriate domain for the "
all".
89. Matthew 21:22 And
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
The Greek, and
KJV, have an "
and" at the beginning. This means that this thought is a
continuation of the previous thought. The chapter and verse divisions were created in the Middle Ages.
That
previous context should be inspected to determine the
domain for the "
all".
... and all (of what I just said), as far as if/when you ask ...
90. Matthew 21:22 As far as if this is done
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
The
KJV translates as "
whatsoever" for
two Greek words.
"ὅσα" ≈ "as far as" which is a synonym of "ὡς" ≈ "like, as, according to". This word indicates that there may be exceptions to what follows and what is stated is a potentiality and not necessarily a reality - as in an analogy.
"αν" ≈ "if, when" and is short for "ἐάν" ≈ "if, when". This is a conditional that is dependent on the following precondition for the following postcondition to apply (bottom-up reasoning).
91. Aristotle: Propositions and prayers
The ancient Greek word
"προσεύχομαι" ≈ "pray, vow, request" as in putting forth a
"request" or
"wish". Aristotle uses the shorter form
"εὐχή" ≈ "prayer,wish".
The modern Greek word
"ευχή" (ev-KHEE) ≈ "religious blessing, wish" and has been influenced by the
GNT.
English: We call propositions those only that have truth or falsity in them. A prayer is, for instance, a sentence but neither has truth nor has falsity. Let us pass over on such as their study more properly belongs to the province of rhetoric or poetry. (Loeb#325, p. 121)
Greek: ἀποφαντικὸς δὲ οὐ πᾶς, ἀλλ' ἐν ᾧ τὸ ἀληθεύειν ἢ ψεύδεσθαι ὑπάρχει· οὐκ ἐν ἅπασι δὲ ὑπάρχει, οἷον ἡ εὐχὴ λόγος μέν, ἀλλ' οὔτ' ἀληθὴς οὔτε ψευδής. οἱ μὲν οὖν ἄλλοι ἀφείσθωσαν, - ῥητορικῆς γὰρ ἢ ποιητικῆς οἰκειοτέρα ἡ σκέψις,… Aristotle: On Interpretation [17a]
Have you ever heard someone
"pray" in a church setting and, in their
"prayer", state
"propositions" that are
"true" or
"false"? This happens when someone states a
"proposition" in a prayer and implicitly assumes and/or implies that what is said is
"true" or
"false" (depending on context).
Discuss: Should a religious
"prayer" state only
"requests" or
"wishes" (and the reality background of them) and avoid
"propositions" that are
"true" or
"false"? Explain your reasoning.
Discuss: Should a pastor inject personal opinions on politics or social issues as claims or statements in a prayer? This is often done to convince those in the pews that God has approved of these views.
92. Matthew 6:9-13 Lord's Prayer
Matthew 6:9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. [kjv]
6:10 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. [kjv]
6:11 Give us this day our daily bread. [kjv]
… dayghwamlice hlaf syle … to dayg. [wes]
yyue … dai …breed … othir substaunce… [wy]
Geve … daye … dayly breede. [ty]
6:12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. [kjv]
6:13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. [kjv]
The only part of the Lord's Prayer that is
not a "
wish" or "
request" (except the address part at the beginning) is the part that is
not in some Greek manuscripts. The
TR (Textus Receptus) appears to have added this part.
93. Matthew 21:22 In the wish put forward
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
The Greek is "
in the prayer" or, literally, "
in the wish put forward". Might this
"the" refer to a "
wish" from what was just covered about moving a "
mountain", without proper "
discernment" instead of just
any "
wish" or "
prayer"?
Where does Jesus say the following?
Be careful what you ask for. You might get it.
How about right here in this verse (and the preceding verses providing the context)?
94. Matthew 21:22 The take
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
The Greek word translated as "
believing" is that of a "
persuasion". The verse does not say anything about what one is "
believing" or how strong that "
belief" is.
The Greek word translated "
shall receive" is that of "
shall take". It appears that, from the perspective of what Jesus says, the only things one are to "
take" are one's "
cross" and "
oneself". The two appear to be related.
[to understand as a take on what is said]
95. Matthew 21:22
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
Does one see what one wants to see?
Does one take what one wants to take?
If you seek will you find what you are seeking? (for better or worse)
In a not good sense, if you do not "
discern" "
through separation", can you make things much worse by doing to
the "
mountain" what Jesus did to
the "fig tree"?
Can you then put forward a "
wish", "
believing", and "
take" (in a not good sense) what you are "
persuaded" you should "
take"?
How might one
avoid this scenario of "
confirmation bias" as described by Jesus?
96. Confirmation bias
A confirmation bias is a bias of accepting only facts that agree with what you have already decided is true and ignoring other facts.
That is, one accepts only new information that confirms what one already believes or has heard, etc. You can ignore facts that you do not know about (ignorance of the law) or ignore things in order to deceive others (and yourself).
A confirmation bias can be encouraged by the use of "
cherry picking" information to view or accept.
97. Matthew 21:22
KJV: And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive.
Greek: και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες ληψεσθε λημψεσθε
98. Matthew 21:22 Translations
Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
και παντα οσα αν αιτησητε εν τη προσευχη πιστευοντες λημψεσθε [gnt]
NIV:
If you believe, you will receive whatever you ask for in prayer.
NLT:
You can pray for anything, and if you have faith, you will receive it.
ESV (English Standard Version):
And whatever you ask in prayer, you will receive, if you have faith.
Berean Literal Bible:
And all things, as many as you might ask in prayer, believing, you will receive.
99. Matthew 21:23
Matthew 21:23 And when he was come into the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came unto him as he was teaching, and said, By what authority doest thou these things? and who gave thee this authority? [kjv]
και ελθοντος αυτου εις το ιερον προσηλθαν αυτω διδασκοντι οι αρχιερεις και οι πρεσβυτεροι του λαου λεγοντες εν ποια εξουσια ταυτα ποιεις και τις σοι εδωκεν την εξουσιαν ταυτην [gnt]
With this verse, the journey back from Bethany to Jerusalem is completed and a new episode unfolds.
The Greek word translated "
authority" is that of a "
lack of restraint".
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Details are left as a future topic.
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100. Matthew 21:23
KJV: And when he was come into the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came unto him as he was teaching, and said, By what authority doest thou these things? and who gave thee this authority?
Greek: και ελθοντι αυτω ελθοντος αυτου εις το ιερον προσηλθον προσηλθαν αυτω διδασκοντι οι αρχιερεις και οι πρεσβυτεροι του λαου λεγοντες εν ποια εξουσια ταυτα ποιεις και τις σοι εδωκεν την εξουσιαν ταυτην
101. Gospel writers
Let us now look at how Mark and Luke relate these same verses in Matthew.
Matthew was recording (writing down, as a tax collector and stenographer) what Jesus said. There are indications that Matthew does not understand what Jesus said. He is just writing down what Jesus said.
Mark is Peter's gospel as to what Peter (as a physical scientist) remembered and Mark added or filled in. The content is limited by what Peter actually remembered.
Luke is writing down (as a physician and historian) what people remembered some twenty years later. Many double meanings and play on words and context are lost. What is reported is much more literal, often embellished. Sometimes Luke makes decisions on what the passages included mean.
John, as a computer scientist, thinks and writes in a top-down backward-chaining manner rather than the bottom-up forward-chaining manner of the Synoptic Gospels. Few people, even today, think that way nor really understand that way of thinking but it works very well for identifying and solving problems.
102. Mark 11:12
Mark 11:12 And on the morrow, when they were come from Bethany, he was hungry: [kjv]
και τη επαυριον εξελθοντων αυτων απο βηθανιας επεινασεν [gnt]
Let us look at this episode in he Gospel of Mark, Peter's gospel as told to and recorded by Mark.
Many of the some observations from Matthew apply here. The language has become more literal.
103. Mark 11:12
KJV: And on the morrow, when they were come from Bethany, he was hungry:
Greek: και τη επαυριον εξελθοντων αυτων απο βηθανιας επεινασεν
104. Mark 11:13
Mark 11:13 And seeing a fig tree afar off having leaves, he came, if haply he might find any thing thereon: and when he came to it, he found nothing but leaves; for the time of figs was not yet. [kjv]
και ιδων συκην απο μακροθεν εχουσαν φυλλα ηλθεν ει αρα τι ευρησει εν αυτη και ελθων επ αυτην ουδεν ευρεν ει μη φυλλα ο γαρ καιρος ουκ ην συκων [gnt]
Peter makes interesting scientific observations throughout his gospel as recorded by Mark. He will be the one to notice a change on the way out of Jerusalem.
The time of
"figs" was
not yet. Why would Jesus desire
"figs" before the time for
"figs"? Perhaps there is a greater teaching lesson, as recorded by Matthew.
105. Mark 11:13
KJV: And seeing a fig tree afar off having leaves, he came, if haply he might find any thing thereon: and when he came to it, he found nothing but leaves; for the time of figs was not yet.
Greek: και ιδων συκην απο μακροθεν εχουσαν φυλλα ηλθεν ει αρα ευρησει τι ευρησει εν αυτη και ελθων επ αυτην ουδεν ευρεν ει μη φυλλα ου ο γαρ ην καιρος ουκ ην συκων
106. Mark 11:14
Mark 11:14 And Jesus answered and said unto it, No man eat fruit of thee hereafter for ever. And his disciples heard it. [kjv]
και αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτη μηκετι εις τον αιωνα εκ σου μηδεις καρπον φαγοι και ηκουον οι μαθηται αυτου [gnt]
In Matthew, Jesus does not say that no man is to eat of the fruit forever.
The adding of rules and/or implications by the disciples is similar to Eve adding rules when interacting with Satan in the garden.
107. Mark 11:14
KJV: And Jesus answered and said unto it, No man eat fruit of thee hereafter for ever. And his disciples heard it.
Greek: και αποκριθεις ο ιησους ειπεν αυτη μηκετι εκ σου εις τον αιωνα εκ σου μηδεις καρπον φαγοι και ηκουον οι μαθηται αυτου
108. Mark 11:15
Mark 11:15 And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves; [kjv]
και ερχονται εις ιεροσολυμα και εισελθων εις το ιερον ηρξατο εκβαλλειν τους πωλουντας και τους αγοραζοντας εν τω ιερω και τας τραπεζας των κολλυβιστων και τας καθεδρας των πωλουντων τας περιστερας κατεστρεψεν [gnt]
109. Mark 11:15
KJV: And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;
Greek: και ερχονται εις ιεροσολυμα και εισελθων ο ιησους εις το ιερον ηρξατο εκβαλλειν τους πωλουντας και τους αγοραζοντας εν τω ιερω και τας τραπεζας των κολλυβιστων και τας καθεδρας των πωλουντων τας περιστερας κατεστρεψεν
110. Mark 11:19-20
Mark 11:19 And when even was come, he went out of the city. [kjv]
και οταν οψε εγενετο εξεπορευοντο εξω της πολεως [gnt]
11:20 And in the morning, as they passed by, they saw the fig tree dried up from the roots. [kjv]
και παραπορευομενοι πρωι ειδον την συκην εξηραμμενην εκ ριζων [gnt]
What happened to the
"roots"? Might those
"roots" grow again?
[Nebuchadnezzar]
111. Mark 11:19
KJV: And when even was come, he went out of the city.
Greek: και οτε οταν οψε εγενετο εξεπορευετο εξεπορευοντο εξω της πολεως
112. Mark 11:20
KJV: And in the morning, as they passed by, they saw the fig tree dried up from the roots.
Greek: και πρωι παραπορευομενοι πρωι ειδον την συκην εξηραμμενην εκ ριζων
113. Mark 11:21-22
Mark 11:21 And Peter calling to remembrance saith unto him, Master, behold, the fig tree which thou cursedst is withered away. [kjv]
και αναμνησθεις ο πετρος λεγει αυτω ραββι ιδε η συκη ην κατηρασω εξηρανται [gnt]
11:22 And Jesus answering saith unto them, Have faith in God. [kjv]
και αποκριθεις ο ιησους λεγει αυτοις εχετε πιστιν θεου [gnt]
Peter is noticing what happened to the
"fig tree". This had happened, but Peter is just noticing it.
Jesus tells Peter to have
"faith" in "
God". Going back to Matthew, Jesus appears to have been saying (and teaching) that one is not to have
"faith" in
oneself. Perhaps Peter missed that point, as did those who related what they had remembered to Luke.
114. Mark 11:21
KJV: And Peter calling to remembrance saith unto him, Master, behold, the fig tree which thou cursedst is withered away.
Greek: και αναμνησθεις ο πετρος λεγει αυτω ραββι ιδε η συκη ην κατηρασω εξηρανται
115. Mark 11:22
KJV: And Jesus answering saith unto them, Have faith in God.
Greek: και αποκριθεις ο ιησους λεγει αυτοις εχετε πιστιν θεου
116. Mark 11:23 This mountain
Mark 11:23 For verily I say unto you, That whosoever shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; and shall not doubt in his heart, but shall believe that those things which he saith shall come to pass; he shall have whatsoever he saith. [kjv]
αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ος αν ειπη τω ορει τουτω αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν και μη διακριθη εν τη καρδια αυτου αλλα πιστευη οτι ο λαλει γινεται εσται αυτω [gnt]
The reference to doing something to the "
fig tree" that was in Matthew is not present in Mark.
Adding the "
his" and "
heart", that is not in Matthew, breaks the model in Matthew.
117. Mark 11:23
KJV: For verily I say unto you, That whosoever shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; and shall not doubt in his heart, but shall believe that those things which he saith shall come to pass; he shall have whatsoever he saith.
Greek: αμην γαρ λεγω υμιν οτι ος αν ειπη τω ορει τουτω αρθητι και βληθητι εις την θαλασσαν και μη διακριθη εν τη καρδια αυτου αλλα πιστευση πιστευη οτι α λεγει ο λαλει γινεται εσται αυτω ο εαν ειπη
118. Mark 11:24
Mark 11:24 Therefore I say unto you, What things soever ye desire, when ye pray, believe that ye receive them, and ye shall have them. [kjv]
δια τουτο λεγω υμιν παντα οσα προσευχεσθε και αιτεισθε πιστευετε οτι ελαβετε και εσται υμιν [gnt]
The
KJV translates as "
desire" the Greek word that is "
ask" (the way this word is translated in the corresponding Matthew passage). The usual Greek word for "
desire" is not used in this verse.
119. Mark 11:24
KJV: Therefore I say unto you, What things soever ye desire, when ye pray, believe that ye receive them, and ye shall have them.
Greek: δια τουτο λεγω υμιν παντα οσα αν προσευχομενοι προσευχεσθε και αιτεισθε πιστευετε οτι λαμβανετε ελαβετε και εσται υμιν
120. Luke 13:6
Luke 13:6 He spake also this parable; A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard; and he came and sought fruit thereon, and found none. [kjv]
ελεγεν δε ταυτην την παραβολην συκην ειχεν τις πεφυτευμενην εν τω αμπελωνι αυτου και ηλθεν ζητων καρπον εν αυτη και ουχ ευρεν [gnt]
What people remembered and told Luke tends to be more literal, lacks the context and intricate detail and play on words in Matthew, and, in the literal sense, tends to be embellished with additional details.
Luke turns this short teaching lesson in Matthew into a full-blown "
parable".
121. Luke 13:6
KJV: He spake also this parable; A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard; and he came and sought fruit thereon, and found none.
Greek: ελεγεν δε ταυτην την παραβολην συκην ειχεν τις πεφυτευμενην εν τω αμπελωνι αυτου πεφυτευμενην και ηλθεν καρπον ζητων καρπον εν αυτη και ουχ ευρεν
122. Luke 13:7
Luke 13:7 Then said he unto the dresser of his vineyard, Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none: cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground? [kjv]
ειπεν δε προς τον αμπελουργον ιδου τρια ετη αφ ου ερχομαι ζητων καρπον εν τη συκη ταυτη και ουχ ευρισκω εκκοψον αυτην ινα τι και την γην καταργει [gnt]
The
KJV translates as "
cumbereth" the Greek word that is "
to use up" but has a play on words with "
curse" in the word. It is unclear if that double meaning was intended.
"καταργέω" ≈ "entirely idle" as in "useless".
"καταρα" ≈ "curse".
Paul appears to use this word as a play on words in Romans and other letters.
123. Luke 13:7
KJV: Then said he unto the dresser of his vineyard, Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none: cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground?
Greek: ειπεν δε προς τον αμπελουργον ιδου τρια ετη αφ ου ερχομαι ζητων καρπον εν τη συκη ταυτη και ουχ ευρισκω εκκοψον αυτην ινα τι και την γην καταργει
124. Romans 12:14
Romans 12:14 Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not. [kjv]
ευλογειτε τους διωκοντας ευλογειτε και μη καταρασθε [gnt]
"καταρα" ≈ "curse".
125. Romans 12:14
KJV: Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not.
Greek: ευλογειτε τους διωκοντας υμας ευλογειτε και μη καταρασθε
126. Strongs - use up
*G2673 *27 καταργέω (kat-arg-eh'-o) : from G2596 and G691; to be (render) entirely idle (useless), literally or figuratively:--abolish, cease, cumber, deliver, destroy, do away, become (make) of no (none, without) effect, fail, loose, bring (come) to nought, put away (down), vanish away, make void.
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Words: καταργει καταργειται=2 καταργηθη καταργηθησεται=2 καταργηθησονται καταργησαι καταργησαντος καταργησας καταργησει=3 καταργηση=3 καταργουμεν καταργουμενην καταργουμενον καταργουμενου καταργουμενων κατηργηθημεν κατηργηθητε κατηργηκα κατηργηται=3
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127. Usage - use up
- *G2673 *27 καταργέω (kat-arg-eh'-o) : from G2596 and G691; to be (render) entirely idle (useless), literally or figuratively:--abolish, cease, cumber, deliver, destroy, do away, become (make) of no (none, without) effect, fail, loose, bring (come) to nought, put away (down), vanish away, make void.
- καταργησει *3
- Romans 3:3 ... their unbelief make the faith of God without effect?
- 1 Corinthians 6:13 ... for meats: but God shall destroy both it and ...
- 2 Thessalonians 2:8 ... of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming:
- κατηργηται *3
- Romans 4:14 ... is made void, and the promise made of none effect:
- Romans 7:2 ... if the husband be dead, she is loosed from the law of her husband.
- Galatians 5:11 ... suffer persecution? then is the offence of the cross ceased.
- καταργηση *3
- 1 Corinthians 1:28 ... which are not, to bring to nought things that are:
- 1 Corinthians 15:24 ... even the Father; when he shall have put down all rule and ...
- Hebrews 2:14 ... that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, ...
- καταργηθησεται *2
- 1 Corinthians 13:8 ... whether there be prophecies, they shall fail; whether there be tongues, they shall cease; whether there be knowledge, it shall vanish away.
- 1 Corinthians 13:10 ... that which is in part shall be done away.
- καταργειται *2
- 1 Corinthians 15:26 The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death.
- 2 Corinthians 3:14 ... of the old testament; which vail is done away in Christ.
- καταργει
- Luke 13:7 ... it down; why cumbereth it the ground?
- καταργουμεν
- Romans 3:31 Do we then make void the law through faith? ...
- καταργηθη
- Romans 6:6 ... him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we ...
- κατηργηθημεν
- Romans 7:6 But now we are delivered from the law, that being dead ...
- καταργουμενων
- 1 Corinthians 2:6 ... of this world, that come to nought:
- καταργηθησονται
- 1 Corinthians 13:8 ... whether there be prophecies, they shall fail; whether there be tongues, they shall cease; whether there be knowledge, it shall vanish away.
- κατηργηκα
- 1 Corinthians 13:11 ... when I became a man, I put away childish things.
- καταργουμενην
- 2 Corinthians 3:7 ... of his countenance; which glory was to be done away:
- καταργουμενον
- 2 Corinthians 3:11 For if that which is done away was glorious, much ...
- καταργουμενου
- 2 Corinthians 3:13 ... to the end of that which is abolished:
- καταργησαι
- Galatians 3:17 ... disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect.
- κατηργηθητε
- Galatians 5:4 Christ is become of no effect unto you, whosoever of you are justified ...
- καταργησας
- Ephesians 2:15 Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law ...
- καταργησαντος
- 2 Timothy 1:10 ... Saviour Jesus Christ, who hath abolished death, and hath brought ...
128. Strongs - curse
*G2671 *6 κατάρα (kat-ar'-ah) : from G2596 (intensive) and G685; imprecation, execration:--curse(-d, ing).
*G2672 *5 καταράομαι (kat-ar-ah'-om-ahee) : middle voice from G2671 κατάρα; to execrate; by analogy, to doom:--curse.
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Words: καταρα=2 καταραν καταρας=3 καταρασθε καταρωμεθα καταρωμενους κατηραμενοι κατηρασω
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129. Usage - curse
- *G2671 *6 κατάρα (kat-ar'-ah) : from G2596 (intensive) and G685; imprecation, execration:--curse(-d, ing).
- καταρας *3
- Galatians 3:13 ... us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: ...
- Hebrews 6:8 ... is rejected, and is nigh unto cursing; whose end is to be burned.
- 2 Peter 2:14 ... an heart they have exercised with covetous practices; cursed children:
- καταρα *2
- Galatians 3:13 ... us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: ...
- James 3:10 ... proceedeth blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ...
- καταραν
- Galatians 3:10 ... of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed ...
- *G2672 *5 καταράομαι (kat-ar-ah'-om-ahee) : middle voice from G2671 κατάρα; to execrate; by analogy, to doom:--curse.
- κατηραμενοι
- Matthew 25:41 ... Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, ...
- κατηρασω
- Mark 11:21 ... behold, the fig tree which thou cursedst is withered away.
- καταρωμενους
- Luke 6:28 Bless them that curse you, and pray for ...
- καταρασθε
- Romans 12:14 ... you: bless, and curse not.
- καταρωμεθα
- James 3:9 ... the Father; and therewith curse we men, which are made ...
130. Romans 3:3
Romans 3:3 For what if some did not believe? shall their unbelief make the faith of God without effect? [kjv]
τι γαρ ει ηπιστησαν τινες μη η απιστια αυτων την πιστιν του θεου καταργησει [gnt]
The Greek word for
"faith" and
"belief" and
"persuasion" is the same word.
The "faith" of God.
The "belief" of God.
The "persuasion" of God.
The first use is negated and the second is not negated.
"πιστός" ≈ "trustworthy, faithful, reliable".
"πίστις" ≈ "trust in others, faith, being persuaded".
"πείθω" ≈ "convince, persuade, obey, yield to, believe/trust in" and, in context, "mislead".
131. A hope in a persuasive belief in faith into Jesus
James 2:17 Even so faith, if it hath not works, is dead, being alone. [kjv]
ουτως και η πιστις εαν μη εχη εργα νεκρα εστιν καθ εαυτην [gnt]
Today, the word
"faith" tends to means a trust or expectation in something that cannot be known for sure. The similarities and differences between
"belief" and
"faith" can be seen in a few well-known verses in James. \Here we are not concerned with "
works" but with the words
"faith" and
"belief".
"πιστός" ≈ "trustworthy, faithful, reliable".
"πίστις" ≈ "trust in others, faith, being persuaded".
"πείθω" ≈ "convince, persuade, obey, yield to, believe/trust in" and, in context, "mislead".
132. Romans 3:3
Romans 3:3 For what if some did not believe? shall their unbelief make the faith of God without effect? [kjv]
τι γαρ ει ηπιστησαν τινες μη η απιστια αυτων την πιστιν του θεου καταργησει [gnt]
The Greek word translated as
"without effect" is that of
"entirely idle". For the play on words of
"entirely idle" and
"curse" to be in play, the following would need to make sense.
... make the faith/belief/persuasion of God entirely idle.
... make the faith/belief/persuasion of God cursed.
Discuss: What is the
difference between
"without effect" and
"entirely idle"? This is the same "
idle" word that is part of "
idle" "
words" and that is related to the "
unpardonable" "
sin".
133. Romans 3:3
KJV: For what if some did not believe? shall their unbelief make the faith of God without effect?
Greek: τι γαρ ει ηπιστησαν τινες μη η απιστια αυτων την πιστιν του θεου καταργησει
134. Luke 13:8
Luke 13:8 And he answering said unto him, Lord, let it alone this year also, till I shall dig about it, and dung it: [kjv]
ο δε αποκριθεις λεγει αυτω κυριε αφες αυτην και τουτο το ετος εως οτου σκαψω περι αυτην και βαλω κοπρια [gnt]
The Greek word translated as "
let" is that of "
let go" and often translated as "
forgive".
Should the Lord "
forgive" the "
fig tree" that does not bear
"fruit"?
135. Luke 13:8
KJV: And he answering said unto him, Lord, let it alone this year also, till I shall dig about it, and dung it:
Greek: ο δε αποκριθεις λεγει αυτω κυριε αφες αυτην και τουτο το ετος εως οτου σκαψω περι αυτην και βαλω κοπριαν κοπρια
136. Luke 13:9 Fruit
Luke 13:9 And if it bear fruit, well: and if not, then after that thou shalt cut it down. [kjv]
καν μεν ποιηση καρπον εις το μελλον ει δε μηγε εκκοψεις αυτην [gnt]
137. Luke 13:9
KJV: And if it bear fruit, well: and if not, then after that thou shalt cut it down.
Greek: καν μεν ποιηση καρπον ει δε μηγε εις το μελλον ει δε μηγε εκκοψεις αυτην
138. James 3:12 Fig tree
James 3:12 Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? either a vine, figs? so can no fountain both yield salt water and fresh. [kjv]
μη δυναται αδελφοι μου συκη ελαιας ποιησαι η αμπελος συκα ουτε αλυκον γλυκυ ποιησαι υδωρ [gnt]
James mentions the
"fig tree". It is unclear if there is a connection to the
cursed "fig tree" or the
"fig tree" in the Olivet Discourse.
139. James 3:12
KJV: Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? either a vine, figs? so can no fountain both yield salt water and fresh.
Greek: μη δυναται αδελφοι μου συκη ελαιας ποιησαι η αμπελος συκα ουτως ουδεμια πηγη ουτε αλυκον και γλυκυ ποιησαι υδωρ
140. Revelation 6:13-14 Figs and mountains
Revelation 6:13 And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. [kjv]
6:14 And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places. [kjv]
Might this reference to a
"fig tree" in Revelation be related to the cursed
"fig tree" and the
"fig tree" in Matthew. The verse following has a reference to
"mountains" and "
islands" being "
moved" out of their "
places".
"νῆσος" ≈ "island".
"ὄλῠνθος" ≈ "fruit of the wild fig".
141. Revelation 6:13 Star falling
Revelation 6:13 And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. [kjv]
και οι αστερες του ουρανου επεσαν εις την γην ως συκη βαλλει τους ολυνθους αυτης υπο ανεμου μεγαλου σειομενη [gnt]
Compare the "
stars" of "
heaven" falling with "
manna" falling from "
heaven".
The children of Israel in the "
desert" wanted more than
"manna" as the
"bread" of "
life". They wanted
"birds". Later, they wanted a "
king". Today, many churches want a "
pastor". Discuss the similarities and differences.
142. Revelation 6:13 Earth
Revelation 6:13 And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. [kjv]
και οι αστερες του ουρανου επεσαν εις την γην ως συκη βαλλει τους ολυνθους αυτης υπο ανεμου μεγαλου σειομενη [gnt]
The Greek word for "
earth" can be "
sand".
What "
falls" "
into" or "
against" "
earth" or "
sand"?
143. Matthew 21:18-22 Summary
Matthew 21:18 Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered. [kjv]
21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
21:20 And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away ! [kjv]
21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
Taking any verse by itself out of context can lead to strange meanings or sermons.
144. End of page
Matthew 21:18 Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered. [kjv]
21:19 And when he saw a fig tree in the way, he came to it, and found nothing thereon, but leaves only, and said unto it, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever. And presently the fig tree withered away. [kjv]
21:20 And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away ! [kjv]
21:21 Jesus answered and said unto them, Verily I say unto you, If ye have faith, and doubt not, ye shall not only do this which is done to the fig tree, but also if ye shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; it shall be done. [kjv]
21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive. [kjv]
Matthew 26:7 There came unto him a woman having an alabaster box of very precious ointment, and poured it on his head, as he sat at meat. [kjv]
προσηλθεν αυτω γυνη εχουσα αλαβαστρον μυρου βαρυτιμου και κατεχεεν επι της κεφαλης αυτου ανακειμενου [gnt]
Matthew 24:31 And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other. [kjv]
24:32 Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When his branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is nigh: [kjv]
απο δε της συκης μαθετε την παραβολην οταν ηδη ο κλαδος αυτης γενηται απαλος και τα φυλλα εκφυη γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς το θερος [gnt]
24:33 So likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. [kjv]
ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε παντα ταυτα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν επι θυραις [gnt]
Matthew 24:32 Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When his branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is nigh: [kjv]
απο δε της συκης μαθετε την παραβολην οταν ηδη ο κλαδος αυτης γενηται απαλος και τα φυλλα εκφυη γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς το θερος [gnt]
Genesis 8:22 While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease. [kjv]
πασας τας ημερας της γης σπερμα και θερισμος ψυχος και καυμα θερος και εαρ ημεραν και νυκτα ου καταπαυσουσιν [lxx]
Psalms 74:17 Thou hast set all the borders of the earth: thou hast made summer and winter. [kjv]
συ εποιησας παντα τα ορια της γης θερος και εαρ συ επλασας αυτα [lxx]
Jeremiah 8:20 The harvest is past, the summer is ended, and we are not saved. [kjv]
διηλθεν θερος παρηλθεν αμητος και ημεις ου διεσωθημεν [lxx]
Matthew 9:38 Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he will send forth labourers into his harvest. [kjv]
δεηθητε ουν του κυριου του θερισμου οπως εκβαλη εργατας εις τον θερισμον αυτου [gnt]
Matthew 13:30 Let both grow together until the harvest: and in the time of harvest I will say to the reapers, Gather ye together first the tares, and bind them in bundles to burn them: but gather the wheat into my barn. [kjv]
αφετε συναυξανεσθαι αμφοτερα εως του θερισμου και εν καιρω του θερισμου ερω τοις θερισταις συλλεξατε πρωτον τα ζιζανια και δησατε αυτα εις εις δεσμας προς το κατακαυσαι αυτα τον δε σιτον συναγετε εις την αποθηκην μου [gnt]
Matthew 13:39 The enemy that sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are the angels. [kjv]
ο δε εχθρος ο σπειρας αυτα εστιν ο διαβολος ο δε θερισμος συντελεια αιωνος εστιν οι δε θερισται αγγελοι εισιν [gnt]
Matthew 24:33 So likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. [kjv]
ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε παντα ταυτα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν επι θυραις [gnt]
Matthew 24:33 So likewise ye, when ye shall see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. [kjv]
ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε παντα ταυτα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν επι θυραις [gnt]
Mark 13:28 Now learn a parable of the fig tree; When her branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is near: [kjv]
απο δε της συκης μαθετε την παραβολην οταν ηδη ο κλαδος αυτης απαλος γενηται και εκφυη τα φυλλα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς το θερος εστιν [gnt]
